Question 1

A(n) ______ is the junction between neurons.

Accepted Answer

synapse

Question 2

A neuron may have

Accepted Answer

A)  one axon and many dendrites. 
B)  one dendrite and many axons. 
C)  no dendrites. 
D)  no axons. 
A)  one axon and many dendrites. 
B)  one dendrite and many axons. 
C)  no dendrites. 
D)  no axons. A

Question 3

The brain and spinal cord comprise the central nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Myelin is rich in ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleic acids 
B)  carbohydrates 
C)  lipids 
D)  salts 
A)  nucleic acids 
B)  carbohydrates 
C)  lipids 
D)  salts

Question 5

An immune response that affects the myelin coating on axons throughout the spinal cord and brain, triggering inflammation and leaving scars, is

Accepted Answer

A)  muscular dystrophy. 
B)  multiple sclerosis. 
C)  Alzheimer disease. 
D)  amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. 
A)  muscular dystrophy. 
B)  multiple sclerosis. 
C)  Alzheimer disease. 
D)  amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Question 6

Neuroglia are specialized to react to environmental change, and neurons support neuroglia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Migraine results from

Accepted Answer

A)  release of calcitonin gene-related peptide from the trigeminal nerves at the base of the brain, in response to a spreading wave of excitation followed by lack of response from the cortex. 
B)  not eating enough chocolate, which causes a spreading effect in the cortex. 
C)  a neurotransmitter deficiency. 
D)  release of an abnormal form of beta endorphin from the trigeminal nerves at the base of the brain, in response to cortical stimulation. 
A)  release of calcitonin gene-related peptide from the trigeminal nerves at the base of the brain, in response to a spreading wave of excitation followed by lack of response from the cortex. 
B)  not eating enough chocolate, which causes a spreading effect in the cortex. 
C)  a neurotransmitter deficiency. 
D)  release of an abnormal form of beta endorphin from the trigeminal nerves at the base of the brain, in response to cortical stimulation.

Question 8

Axon branches are called collaterals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Dendrites on unipolar neurons are parts of

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory neurons. 
B)  motor neurons. 
C)  interneurons. 
D)  efferent neurons. 
A)  sensory neurons. 
B)  motor neurons. 
C)  interneurons. 
D)  efferent neurons.

Question 10

A stimulus great enough to change the membrane potential and propagate an action potential is said to have reached _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  recruitment 
B)  threshold 
C)  summation 
D)  tetanus 
A)  recruitment 
B)  threshold 
C)  summation 
D)  tetanus

Question 11

A mixed nerve includes different neuroglial cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

An excitatory postsynaptic potential lasts for about

Accepted Answer

A)  15 minutes. 
B)  15 seconds. 
C)  15 milliseconds. 
D)  15 microseconds. 
A)  15 minutes. 
B)  15 seconds. 
C)  15 milliseconds. 
D)  15 microseconds.

Question 13

The types of neurons that are organized into neuronal pools are

Accepted Answer

A)  interneurons. 
B)  intraneurons. 
C)  Schwann cells. 
D)  astrocytes. 
A)  interneurons. 
B)  intraneurons. 
C)  Schwann cells. 
D)  astrocytes.

Question 14

Opiate drugs derived from poppies relieve pain in humans because the human nervous system has

Accepted Answer

A)  neurotransmitters. 
B)  receptors for endogenous opiates. 
C)  myelin. 
D)  sodium and potassium membrane channels. 
A)  neurotransmitters. 
B)  receptors for endogenous opiates. 
C)  myelin. 
D)  sodium and potassium membrane channels.

Question 15

If a neuron receives a series of stimuli whose effect is excitatory but subthreshold, the neuron is more excitable to incoming stimulation than before and is said to be

Accepted Answer

A)  graded. 
B)  amplified. 
C)  facilitated. 
D)  refractory. 
A)  graded. 
B)  amplified. 
C)  facilitated. 
D)  refractory.

Question 16

Which of the following molecules is responsible for "runner's high," a good feeling that accompanies long-distance running?

Accepted Answer

A)  Beta endorphin 
B)  Acetylcholine 
C)  Epinephrine 
D)  Dopamine 
A)  Beta endorphin 
B)  Acetylcholine 
C)  Epinephrine 
D)  Dopamine

Question 17

The most rapid conduction of an impulse along an axon occurs on a fiber that is

Accepted Answer

A)  thick and myelinated. 
B)  thick and unmyelinated. 
C)  thin and myelinated. 
D)  thin and unmyelinated. 
A)  thick and myelinated. 
B)  thick and unmyelinated. 
C)  thin and myelinated. 
D)  thin and unmyelinated.

Question 18

Marjorie takes an anti-anxiety drug so that she can sleep better and remain calm enough to study effectively. She begins by taking 25 milligrams every evening, but within a month this dose is no longer helping, so she takes two pills. After another month this dosage is no longer effective. This is happening because

Accepted Answer

A)  her immune system is rejecting the drug. 
B)  she has developed tolerance, which means that her liver can no longer metabolize the drug, so it remains active for too long. 
C)  the number of receptors to which the drug binds on neurons has declined. 
D)  the number of receptors to which the drug binds on neurons has increased. 
A)  her immune system is rejecting the drug. 
B)  she has developed tolerance, which means that her liver can no longer metabolize the drug, so it remains active for too long. 
C)  the number of receptors to which the drug binds on neurons has declined. 
D)  the number of receptors to which the drug binds on neurons has increased.

Question 19

During the absolute refractory period, a stimulus of high intensity may trigger a nerve impulse.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Action potentials are related to impulses conducted along an axon in that

Accepted Answer

A)  many impulses are required to cause one action potential. 
B)  active transport of Na+ and K+ are required for impulse conduction but not for an action potential. 
C)  impulses are stronger responses than are action potentials. 
D)  propagation of a series of action potentials along a nerve cell fiber constitutes an impulse. 
A)  many impulses are required to cause one action potential. 
B)  active transport of Na+ and K+ are required for impulse conduction but not for an action potential. 
C)  impulses are stronger responses than are action potentials. 
D)  propagation of a series of action potentials along a nerve cell fiber constitutes an impulse.

Exam 10: Nervous System I: Basic Structure and Function

A(n) ______ is the junction between neurons.

A neuron may have

The brain and spinal cord comprise the central nervous system.

Myelin is rich in ___________.

An immune response that affects the myelin coating on axons throughout the spinal cord and brain, triggering inflammation and leaving scars, is

Neuroglia are specialized to react to environmental change, and neurons support neuroglia.

Migraine results from

Axon branches are called collaterals.

Dendrites on unipolar neurons are parts of

A stimulus great enough to change the membrane potential and propagate an action potential is said to have reached _________.

A mixed nerve includes different neuroglial cells.

An excitatory postsynaptic potential lasts for about

The types of neurons that are organized into neuronal pools are

Opiate drugs derived from poppies relieve pain in humans because the human nervous system has

If a neuron receives a series of stimuli whose effect is excitatory but subthreshold, the neuron is more excitable to incoming stimulation than before and is said to be

Which of the following molecules is responsible for "runner's high," a good feeling that accompanies long-distance running?

The most rapid conduction of an impulse along an axon occurs on a fiber that is

During the absolute refractory period, a stimulus of high intensity may trigger a nerve impulse.

Action potentials are related to impulses conducted along an axon in that

Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology

Chemical Basis of Life

Cells

Cellular Metabolism

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System

Joints of the Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System II: Division of the Nervous System

Nervous System III: Senses

Endocrine System

Blood

Cardiovascular System

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Digestive System

Nutrition and Metabolism

Respiratory System

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Based Balance

Reproductive Systems

Pregnancy, Growth, and Development

Genetics and Genomics

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