Exam 11: Overview of Corrections

The main goal of the corrections system is to:

Jack and Jill are both convicted of driving under the influence.Jack is sentenced to nine months in jail,while Jill is sentenced to six months on probation.Jill's sentence is an example of ________ corrections.

The term corrections can be traced back to the turn of the ________ century in America.

________ are more likely than any other racial or ethnic group to be incarcerated.

Four friends,Bob,Sue,Tom,and John,have been convicted of bank robbery.Upon sentencing,they discover that they are being sent to four different prisons,each with its own philosophy of corrections.Bob spends much of his sentence in an isolation cell;he is also subject to strict rules and regulations and has no access to rehabilitation programs.Sue finds herself in a prison that is filled with individuals serving very lengthy sentences as well as some low-level offenders,who,she thinks,should never have been incarcerated because their crimes are not serious.Tom,on the other hand,has access to many different treatment programs.Finally,the prison where John is incarcerated is focused on John's success when he returns to the community.He spends his time preparing for release.Bob is most likely incarcerated in a prison that adheres to the ________ model of corrections.

Jack and Jill are both convicted of armed robbery.At the sentencing hearing,the judge sentences Jack to ten years in prison and orders him to pay a fine of $1,120 as well as restitution to the victims.Jill,on the other hand,is sentenced to only five years in prison and must pay a fine of $750;she does not have to pay any restitution.Jill's sentence,which is more lenient than Jack's for the same crime,provides an example of:

If you have been convicted of a serious violent crime and have been sentenced to eight years of incarceration,you are most likely residing in a:

________ system was a system of prison administration in which prisoners were isolated in cells at night but allowed to congregate during the day for work duty and meals,but in total silence.

What has research indicated concerning the cost-effectiveness of private prisons?

One of the early forms of punishment in England was to hold convicts in abandoned ships,which are called:

Which of the following statements is true about workhouses?

________ is considered to be the first penitentiary.

The most traditional form of early punishment was:

How did citizens in sixteenth-and seventeeth-century England make sure that punishment of offenders,particularly hanging,would have the desired deterrent effect?

The ________ is a report,published in 1974,indicating that rehabilitative efforts,for the most part,were having little to no effect on recidivism.

The Elmira Reformatory centered on the principles of:

Four friends,Bob,Sue,Tom,and John,have been convicted of bank robbery.Upon sentencing,they discover that they are being sent to four different prisons,each with its own philosophy of corrections.Bob spends much of his sentence in an isolation cell;he is also subject to strict rules and regulations and has no access to rehabilitation programs.Sue finds herself in a prison that is filled with individuals serving very lengthy sentences as well as some low-level offenders,who,she thinks,should never have been incarcerated because their crimes are not serious.Tom,on the other hand,has access to many different treatment programs.Finally,the prison where John is incarcerated is focused on John's success when he returns to the community.He spends his time preparing for release.John is most likely incarcerated in a prison that adheres to the ________ model of corrections.

What did a study in Canada find concerning harsh punishments?

Suppose you have been convicted of driving under the influence of alcohol and you are ordered by the sentencing judge to attend an event where the family members of victims killed as a result of driving under the influence speak about the effects of the crime.You have been sentenced to a(n):

________ is a perspective that focuses on the offender's responsibility to repair the hurt,damage,and injustice that the crime victim has experienced by making restitution and doing community service.