Question 1

How would astronomers describe the antiparticle of an electron?

Accepted Answer

A)  It would have the same mass but opposite charge. 
B)  It would have the same charge but opposite spin. 
C)  It would have the opposite charge and higher mass. 
D)  It would have the opposite spin and higher mass. 
A)  It would have the same mass but opposite charge. 
B)  It would have the same charge but opposite spin. 
C)  It would have the opposite charge and higher mass. 
D)  It would have the opposite spin and higher mass.

Question 2

Observations of Type Ia supernovae in distant galaxies have shown that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the star formation rate in galaxies decreases with increasing redshift 
B)  the expansion rate of the universe is increasing 
C)  the cosmological constant is zero 
D)  dark energy is negligible at the present time 
A)  the star formation rate in galaxies decreases with increasing redshift 
B)  the expansion rate of the universe is increasing 
C)  the cosmological constant is zero 
D)  dark energy is negligible at the present time

Question 3

If dark energy is currently causing the expansion rate of the universe to increase with time,does this mean that you should worry that the Sun,the Earth,and your body itself are expanding? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

Dark energy is indeed causing space to e

Question 4

If neutrinos have mass but do not interact much with normal matter,why can't they be the dominant form of dark matter in the universe?

Accepted Answer

A)  Structure formation would have started with large objects fragmenting into smaller objects. 
B)  Structure formation would have started with small objects merging to form larger objects. 
C)  Neutrinos would decay over time and disappear,causing galaxies to fall apart. 
D)  Neutrinos would not gravitationally lens background galaxies. 
A)  Structure formation would have started with large objects fragmenting into smaller objects. 
B)  Structure formation would have started with small objects merging to form larger objects. 
C)  Neutrinos would decay over time and disappear,causing galaxies to fall apart. 
D)  Neutrinos would not gravitationally lens background galaxies.

Question 5

A grand unified theory unites which forces?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only electromagnetism,weak nuclear,and strong nuclear 
B)  Only gravity and strong nuclear 
C)  Only electromagnetism,gravity,and weak nuclear 
D)  All four known forces 
A)  Only electromagnetism,weak nuclear,and strong nuclear 
B)  Only gravity and strong nuclear 
C)  Only electromagnetism,gravity,and weak nuclear 
D)  All four known forces

Question 6

Put the following eras in the history of the evolution of the universe in their proper order from the earliest to the latest: black hole era,dark era,degenerate era,primordial era,stelliferous era.

Accepted Answer

From first to last a

Question 7

The force that binds three quarks together to make up a proton or neutron is called the weak force.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Why does the critical mass density of the universe depend on the value of Hubble's constant,H0?

Accepted Answer

H₀ is an indication of how fast

Question 9

The flatness problem arises because only a universe with __________ can have that value forever.

Accepted Answer

A)  "$\varOmega$mass + $\varOmega$$\wedge$ = 0" 
B)  "$\varOmega$mass + $\varOmega$$\wedge$ = 1" 
C)  "$\varOmega$luminous + $\varOmega$$\wedge$= 1" 
D)  "$\varOmega$luminous + $\varOmega$$\wedge$= 0" 
A)  "$\varOmega$mass + $\varOmega$$\wedge$ = 0" 
B)  "$\varOmega$mass + $\varOmega$$\wedge$ = 1" 
C)  "$\varOmega$luminous + $\varOmega$$\wedge$= 1" 
D)  "$\varOmega$luminous + $\varOmega$$\wedge$= 0"

Question 10

The figure below shows scale factor RU as a function of time over the age of the universe.Ignoring the presence of dark energy,which curve would represent a plausible open universe?

Accepted Answer

A)  Curve A 
B)  Curve B 
C)  Curve C 
D)  Curve D 
A)  Curve A 
B)  Curve B 
C)  Curve C 
D)  Curve D

Question 11

Grand unified theories are very attractive because they can explain:

Accepted Answer

A)  why the universe consists mostly of matter 
B)  why the Big Bang never made any antimatter 
C)  why we have five fundamental forces in the universe today 
D)  why the CBR is very smooth 
A)  why the universe consists mostly of matter 
B)  why the Big Bang never made any antimatter 
C)  why we have five fundamental forces in the universe today 
D)  why the CBR is very smooth

Question 12

What will happen to the expansion of the universe in the future if: (a)$\varOmega$ > 1,(b)$\varOmega$ = 1,and (c)$\varOmega$ < 1?

Accepted Answer

For each case, (a)The universe's expansi

Question 13

Why does the sum of $\varOmega$mass and $\varOmega$$\wedge$ determine the shape of our universe?

Accepted Answer

The mass and energy density af

Question 14

The three fundamental forces of nature are gravity,electromagnetism,and the strong force.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following CANNOT be dark matter?

Accepted Answer

A)  Axions 
B)  Positrons 
C)  Photinos 
D)  Neutrinos 
A)  Axions 
B)  Positrons 
C)  Photinos 
D)  Neutrinos

Question 16

Why is the fact that the cosmic background radiation (CBR)is very smooth considered a problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  A universe as smooth as predicted by the CBR should not have formed as many galaxies as have been observed. 
B)  A universe as smooth as predicted by the CBR should have collapsed by now. 
C)  A universe as smooth as predicted by the CBR should be expanding much faster than we are now. 
D)  A universe as smooth as predicted by the CBR should never occur because quantum mechanical fluctuations would have been imprinted on it. 
A)  A universe as smooth as predicted by the CBR should not have formed as many galaxies as have been observed. 
B)  A universe as smooth as predicted by the CBR should have collapsed by now. 
C)  A universe as smooth as predicted by the CBR should be expanding much faster than we are now. 
D)  A universe as smooth as predicted by the CBR should never occur because quantum mechanical fluctuations would have been imprinted on it.

Question 17

Why does a unified force split to become two separate forces?

Accepted Answer

A)  The universe expands so much that carrier particles become too dense. 
B)  The energy in the CBR becomes less than the mass of the unified force's carrier particles. 
C)  Dark energy becomes significant at later times and forces the two to split. 
D)  The spatial dimensions split and so must the forces. 
A)  The universe expands so much that carrier particles become too dense. 
B)  The energy in the CBR becomes less than the mass of the unified force's carrier particles. 
C)  Dark energy becomes significant at later times and forces the two to split. 
D)  The spatial dimensions split and so must the forces.

Question 18

The figure below shows scale factor RU as a function of time over the age of the universe.Ignoring the presence of dark energy,which curve would represent a closed universe?

Accepted Answer

A)  Curve A 
B)  Curve B 
C)  Curve C 
D)  Curve D 
A)  Curve A 
B)  Curve B 
C)  Curve C 
D)  Curve D

Question 19

We currently live in the universe during its:

Accepted Answer

A)  era of stars 
B)  era of degeneracy 
C)  era of black holes 
D)  era of darkness 
A)  era of stars 
B)  era of degeneracy 
C)  era of black holes 
D)  era of darkness

Question 20

What is the difference between a grand unified theory and a theory of everything?

Accepted Answer

A TOE can link all four fundam

How would astronomers describe the antiparticle of an electron?

Observations of Type Ia supernovae in distant galaxies have shown that:

If dark energy is currently causing the expansion rate of the universe to increase with time,does this mean that you should worry that the Sun,the Earth,and your body itself are expanding? Why or why not?

If neutrinos have mass but do not interact much with normal matter,why can't they be the dominant form of dark matter in the universe?

A grand unified theory unites which forces?

Put the following eras in the history of the evolution of the universe in their proper order from the earliest to the latest: black hole era,dark era,degenerate era,primordial era,stelliferous era.

The force that binds three quarks together to make up a proton or neutron is called the weak force.

Why does the critical mass density of the universe depend on the value of Hubble's constant,H₀?

The flatness problem arises because only a universe with __________ can have that value forever.

The figure below shows scale factor R_U as a function of time over the age of the universe.Ignoring the presence of dark energy,which curve would represent a plausible open universe?

Grand unified theories are very attractive because they can explain:

What will happen to the expansion of the universe in the future if: (a) $\varOmega$ > 1,(b) $\varOmega$ = 1,and (c) $\varOmega$ < 1?

Why does the sum of $\varOmega$ _massand $\varOmega$ _$\wedge$ determine the shape of our universe?

The three fundamental forces of nature are gravity,electromagnetism,and the strong force.

Which of the following CANNOT be dark matter?

Why is the fact that the cosmic background radiation (CBR)is very smooth considered a problem?

Why does a unified force split to become two separate forces?

The figure below shows scale factor R_U as a function of time over the age of the universe.Ignoring the presence of dark energy,which curve would represent a closed universe?

We currently live in the universe during its:

What is the difference between a grand unified theory and a theory of everything?

Our Place in the Universe

Patterns in the Skymotions of Earth

Laws of Motion

Light and Telescopes

The Formation of Stars and Planets

Terrestrial Worlds in the Inner Solar System

Atmospheres of Venus, Earth, and Mars

The Giant Planets

Small Bodies of the Solar System

Measuring the Stars

Our Star: The Sun

Evolution of Low-Mass Stars

Evolution of High-Mass Stars

The Expansion of Space

The Realm of the Galaxies

Our Galaxy: The Milky Way

Life in the Universe

Filters

Exam 17: Modern Cosmology and the Origin of Structure

How would astronomers describe the antiparticle of an electron?

Observations of Type Ia supernovae in distant galaxies have shown that:

If dark energy is currently causing the expansion rate of the universe to increase with time,does this mean that you should worry that the Sun,the Earth,and your body itself are expanding? Why or why not?

If neutrinos have mass but do not interact much with normal matter,why can't they be the dominant form of dark matter in the universe?

A grand unified theory unites which forces?

Put the following eras in the history of the evolution of the universe in their proper order from the earliest to the latest: black hole era,dark era,degenerate era,primordial era,stelliferous era.

The force that binds three quarks together to make up a proton or neutron is called the weak force.

Why does the critical mass density of the universe depend on the value of Hubble's constant,H0?

The flatness problem arises because only a universe with __________ can have that value forever.

The figure below shows scale factor RU as a function of time over the age of the universe.Ignoring the presence of dark energy,which curve would represent a plausible open universe?

Grand unified theories are very attractive because they can explain:

What will happen to the expansion of the universe in the future if: (a) Ω\varOmegaΩ > 1,(b) Ω\varOmegaΩ = 1,and (c) Ω\varOmegaΩ < 1?

Why does the sum of Ω\varOmegaΩ mass and Ω\varOmegaΩ ∧\wedge∧ determine the shape of our universe?

The three fundamental forces of nature are gravity,electromagnetism,and the strong force.

Which of the following CANNOT be dark matter?

Why is the fact that the cosmic background radiation (CBR)is very smooth considered a problem?

Why does a unified force split to become two separate forces?

The figure below shows scale factor RU as a function of time over the age of the universe.Ignoring the presence of dark energy,which curve would represent a closed universe?

We currently live in the universe during its:

What is the difference between a grand unified theory and a theory of everything?

Our Place in the Universe

Patterns in the Skymotions of Earth

Laws of Motion

Light and Telescopes

The Formation of Stars and Planets

Terrestrial Worlds in the Inner Solar System

Atmospheres of Venus, Earth, and Mars

The Giant Planets

Small Bodies of the Solar System

Measuring the Stars

Our Star: The Sun

Evolution of Low-Mass Stars

Evolution of High-Mass Stars

The Expansion of Space

The Realm of the Galaxies

Our Galaxy: The Milky Way

Life in the Universe

Filters

Why does the critical mass density of the universe depend on the value of Hubble's constant,H₀?

The figure below shows scale factor R_U as a function of time over the age of the universe.Ignoring the presence of dark energy,which curve would represent a plausible open universe?

What will happen to the expansion of the universe in the future if: (a) $\varOmega$ > 1,(b) $\varOmega$ = 1,and (c) $\varOmega$ < 1?

Why does the sum of $\varOmega$ _massand $\varOmega$ _$\wedge$ determine the shape of our universe?

The figure below shows scale factor R_U as a function of time over the age of the universe.Ignoring the presence of dark energy,which curve would represent a closed universe?