Question 1

Alpha motoneurons innervate

Accepted Answer

A) nuclear chain fibers. 
B) nuclear bag fibers. 
C) extrafusal fibers. 
D) intrafusal fibers. 
A) nuclear chain fibers. 
B) nuclear bag fibers. 
C) extrafusal fibers. 
D) intrafusal fibers.

Question 2

The Ca2+ required for skeletal muscle contraction

Accepted Answer

A) is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
B) enters the cell due to the opening of voltage regulated Ca2+ channels from the T tubules. 
C) is actively transported into the cell. 
D) is released from mitochondria. 
A) is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
B) enters the cell due to the opening of voltage regulated Ca2+ channels from the T tubules. 
C) is actively transported into the cell. 
D) is released from mitochondria.

Question 3

The decline in physical strength of older persons is due to

Accepted Answer

A) decreased size of fast-twitch fibers. 
B) reduced density of blood capillaries. 
C) reduced muscle mass. 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
A) decreased size of fast-twitch fibers. 
B) reduced density of blood capillaries. 
C) reduced muscle mass. 
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 4

The amount of fat stored in skeletal muscles will be ______________ by endurance training.

Accepted Answer

A) increased 
B) decreased 
C) unchanged 
A) increased 
B) decreased 
C) unchanged

Question 5

Which molecule blocks the myosin head from binding to actin in a relaxed muscle?

Accepted Answer

A) tropomyosin 
B) troponin 
C) calcium 
D) titin 
A) tropomyosin 
B) troponin 
C) calcium 
D) titin

Question 6

Damage to upper motor neurons would be indicated by all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) spastic paralysis. 
B) chorea. 
C) intention tremor. 
D) flaccid paralysis. 
A) spastic paralysis. 
B) chorea. 
C) intention tremor. 
D) flaccid paralysis.

Question 7

During skeletal muscle contraction the A band decreases in size.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

When skeletal muscle cells contract,they increase in length.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT true of fast glycolytic/Type IIX white muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

A) high glycogen content 
B) few capillaries 
C) low oxidative capacity 
D) aerobic 
A) high glycogen content 
B) few capillaries 
C) low oxidative capacity 
D) aerobic

Question 10

Smooth muscle cells

Accepted Answer

A) contain intercalated discs. 
B) contain A and I bands. 
C) are innervated by somatic nerves. 
D) may contain gap junctions. 
A) contain intercalated discs. 
B) contain A and I bands. 
C) are innervated by somatic nerves. 
D) may contain gap junctions.

Question 11

The thick filament is split by a Z disc.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following statements regarding cardiac muscle is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Dense bodies anchor thin filaments. 
B) Fibers lack I and A bands. 
C) Intercalated discs contain gap junctions. 
D) Fibers lack branches. 
A) Dense bodies anchor thin filaments. 
B) Fibers lack I and A bands. 
C) Intercalated discs contain gap junctions. 
D) Fibers lack branches.

Question 13

Formation of new sarcomeres and growth of myofibrils requires which of the following proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) titin 
B) nebulin 
C) obscurin 
D) All of the choices are needeD. 
A) titin 
B) nebulin 
C) obscurin 
D) All of the choices are needeD.

Question 14

What are the swellings on autonomic nerves that release neurotransmitter to smooth muscle called?

Accepted Answer

A) myoneural junctions 
B) gap junctions 
C) neuromuscular junctions 
D) varicosities 
A) myoneural junctions 
B) gap junctions 
C) neuromuscular junctions 
D) varicosities

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a contributing factor to skeletal muscle fatigue?

Accepted Answer

A) increased intracellular K+ 
B) depletion of intracellular K+ 
C) accumulation of extracellular K+ 
D) accumulation of cytoplasmic PO43- 
A) increased intracellular K+ 
B) depletion of intracellular K+ 
C) accumulation of extracellular K+ 
D) accumulation of cytoplasmic PO43-

Question 16

Regulation of motor neurons involves the actions of the basal nuclei and cerebellum.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which of the following is true for the first 30 minutes of heavy exercise?

Accepted Answer

A) Most energy is derived from glycogen and plasma glucose. 
B) The percentage of energy obtained from plasma free fatty acids exceeds that of mild exercise. 
C) The percentage of energy obtain from plasma glucose is less than that of moderate exercise. 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
A) Most energy is derived from glycogen and plasma glucose. 
B) The percentage of energy obtained from plasma free fatty acids exceeds that of mild exercise. 
C) The percentage of energy obtain from plasma glucose is less than that of moderate exercise. 
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 18

Muscle fatigue

Accepted Answer

A) occurs when muscles are only partially able to contract. 
B) occurs when muscle cell glycogen is depleted. 
C) occurs when muscle cell pH increases. 
D) occurs due to decreased extracellular K+. 
A) occurs when muscles are only partially able to contract. 
B) occurs when muscle cell glycogen is depleted. 
C) occurs when muscle cell pH increases. 
D) occurs due to decreased extracellular K+.

Question 19

The staircase effect or _____ represents a warm up effect due to increasing intracellular calcium concentrations.

Accepted Answer

A) treppe 
B) tetanus 
C) incomplete tetanus 
D) tonus 
A) treppe 
B) tetanus 
C) incomplete tetanus 
D) tonus

Question 20

The pumps that actively transport calcium back into the _______ are called Ca2+ -ATPase pumps.

Accepted Answer

A) transverse tubules 
B) sarcoplasmic reticulum 
C) neuromuscular junction 
D) None of the choices are correct. 
A) transverse tubules 
B) sarcoplasmic reticulum 
C) neuromuscular junction 
D) None of the choices are correct.

Alpha motoneurons innervate

The Ca²⁺ required for skeletal muscle contraction

The decline in physical strength of older persons is due to

The amount of fat stored in skeletal muscles will be ______________ by endurance training.

Which molecule blocks the myosin head from binding to actin in a relaxed muscle?

Damage to upper motor neurons would be indicated by all of the following except

During skeletal muscle contraction the A band decreases in size.

When skeletal muscle cells contract,they increase in length.

Which of the following is NOT true of fast glycolytic/Type IIX white muscle fibers?

Smooth muscle cells

The thick filament is split by a Z disc.

Which of the following statements regarding cardiac muscle is true?

Formation of new sarcomeres and growth of myofibrils requires which of the following proteins?

What are the swellings on autonomic nerves that release neurotransmitter to smooth muscle called?

Which of the following is NOT a contributing factor to skeletal muscle fatigue?

Regulation of motor neurons involves the actions of the basal nuclei and cerebellum.

Which of the following is true for the first 30 minutes of heavy exercise?

Muscle fatigue

The staircase effect or _____ represents a warm up effect due to increasing intracellular calcium concentrations.

The pumps that actively transport calcium back into the _______ are called Ca²⁺ -ATPase pumps.

The Study of Body Function

Chemical Composition of the Body

Cell Structure and Genetic Control

Enzymes and Energy

Cell Respiration and Metabolism

Interactions Between Cells and the Extracellular Environment

The Nervous System: Neurons and Synapses

The Central Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Endocrine Glands: Secretion and Action of Hormones

Blood,Heart and Circulation

Cardiac Output, Blood Flow, and Blood Pressure

The Immune System

Respiratory Physiology

Physiology of the Kidneys

The Digestive System

Regulation of Metabolism

Reproduction

Filters

Exam 12: Muscle: Mechanisms of Contraction and Neural Control

Alpha motoneurons innervate

The Ca2+ required for skeletal muscle contraction

The decline in physical strength of older persons is due to

The amount of fat stored in skeletal muscles will be ______________ by endurance training.

Which molecule blocks the myosin head from binding to actin in a relaxed muscle?

Damage to upper motor neurons would be indicated by all of the following except

During skeletal muscle contraction the A band decreases in size.

When skeletal muscle cells contract,they increase in length.

Which of the following is NOT true of fast glycolytic/Type IIX white muscle fibers?

Smooth muscle cells

The thick filament is split by a Z disc.

Which of the following statements regarding cardiac muscle is true?

Formation of new sarcomeres and growth of myofibrils requires which of the following proteins?

What are the swellings on autonomic nerves that release neurotransmitter to smooth muscle called?

Which of the following is NOT a contributing factor to skeletal muscle fatigue?

Regulation of motor neurons involves the actions of the basal nuclei and cerebellum.

Which of the following is true for the first 30 minutes of heavy exercise?

Muscle fatigue

The staircase effect or _____ represents a warm up effect due to increasing intracellular calcium concentrations.

The pumps that actively transport calcium back into the _______ are called Ca2+ -ATPase pumps.

The Study of Body Function

Chemical Composition of the Body

Cell Structure and Genetic Control

Enzymes and Energy

Cell Respiration and Metabolism

Interactions Between Cells and the Extracellular Environment

The Nervous System: Neurons and Synapses

The Central Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Endocrine Glands: Secretion and Action of Hormones

Blood,Heart and Circulation

Cardiac Output, Blood Flow, and Blood Pressure

The Immune System

Respiratory Physiology

Physiology of the Kidneys

The Digestive System

Regulation of Metabolism

Reproduction

Filters

The Ca²⁺ required for skeletal muscle contraction

The pumps that actively transport calcium back into the _______ are called Ca²⁺ -ATPase pumps.