Question 1

The fluid outside of a cell is called __________.

Accepted Answer

A) cytosol 
B) intracellular fluid 
C) extracellular fluid 
D) cytoplasm 
E) nucleoplasm 
A) cytosol 
B) intracellular fluid 
C) extracellular fluid 
D) cytoplasm 
E) nucleoplasm C

Question 2

Most transmembrane proteins have ___________ regions facing the intra- and extracellular fluid,and __________ regions embedded in the phospholipid bilayer.

Accepted Answer

A) hydrophilic; hydrophilic 
B) hydrophilic; hydrophobic 
C) hydrophobic; hydrophobic 
D) hydrophobic; hydrophilic 
E) lipophilic; lipophobic 
A) hydrophilic; hydrophilic 
B) hydrophilic; hydrophobic 
C) hydrophobic; hydrophobic 
D) hydrophobic; hydrophilic 
E) lipophilic; lipophobic B

Question 3

Which of the following is not a method by which particles can leave a cell?

Accepted Answer

A) Active transport 
B) Exocytosis 
C) Simple diffusion 
D) An antiport system 
E) Pinocytosis 
A) Active transport 
B) Exocytosis 
C) Simple diffusion 
D) An antiport system 
E) Pinocytosis E

Question 4

Most human cells range from 10 to 15 micrometers in diameter.What limits how large a cell can get?

Accepted Answer

A) A cell's lifespan 
B) Nutrients available in the environment of a cell 
C) The relationship between its volume and length 
D) The relationship between its length and surface area 
E) The relationship between its volume and surface area 
A) A cell's lifespan 
B) Nutrients available in the environment of a cell 
C) The relationship between its volume and length 
D) The relationship between its length and surface area 
E) The relationship between its volume and surface area

Question 5

Ribosomes are made of proteins and RNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The plasma membrane is permeable to _________,but impermeable to ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) nutrients; wastes 
B) proteins; nutrients 
C) phosphates; wastes 
D) nutrients; proteins 
E) wastes; nutrients 
A) nutrients; wastes 
B) proteins; nutrients 
C) phosphates; wastes 
D) nutrients; proteins 
E) wastes; nutrients

Question 7

The plasma membrane of cells lining the small intestine has __________,which are specialized for absorption of nutrients.

Accepted Answer

A) flagella 
B) cilia 
C) microvilli 
D) a glycocalyx 
E) dynein arms 
A) flagella 
B) cilia 
C) microvilli 
D) a glycocalyx 
E) dynein arms

Question 8

Which of the following is not considered an inclusion?

Accepted Answer

A) Lysosome 
B) Fat droplet 
C) Glycogen granule 
D) Bacterium 
E) Dust particle 
A) Lysosome 
B) Fat droplet 
C) Glycogen granule 
D) Bacterium 
E) Dust particle

Question 9

What function would immediately cease if the ribosomes of a cell were destroyed?

Accepted Answer

A) Exocytosis 
B) Active transport 
C) Ciliary action 
D) Protein synthesis 
E) Osmosis 
A) Exocytosis 
B) Active transport 
C) Ciliary action 
D) Protein synthesis 
E) Osmosis

Question 10

Two solutions are separated by a selectively permeable membrane.If solution A has a higher concentration of a nonpermeating solute than solution B,then __________.

Accepted Answer

A) the solute will pass down its concentration gradient from solution A to B 
B) the solute will pass down its concentration gradient from solution B to A 
C) water will pass down its concentration gradient from solution A to B 
D) water will pass down its concentration gradient from solution B to A 
E) neither the solute nor water will diffuse 
A) the solute will pass down its concentration gradient from solution A to B 
B) the solute will pass down its concentration gradient from solution B to A 
C) water will pass down its concentration gradient from solution A to B 
D) water will pass down its concentration gradient from solution B to A 
E) neither the solute nor water will diffuse

Question 11

Muscle cells contain numerous __________ to serve their high demand for ATP.

Accepted Answer

A) ribosomes 
B) lysosomes 
C) mitochondria 
D) inclusions 
E) Golgi vesicles 
A) ribosomes 
B) lysosomes 
C) mitochondria 
D) inclusions 
E) Golgi vesicles

Question 12

Among other functions,hepatocytes (liver cells)are specialized for detoxifying drugs or other chemicals.Hepatocytes have large amounts of __________.

Accepted Answer

A) DNA 
B) smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
C) microtubules 
D) cilia 
E) centrioles 
A) DNA 
B) smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
C) microtubules 
D) cilia 
E) centrioles

Question 13

In its second-messenger role,cAMP activates enzymes called _________,whose job is to regulate other enzymes by adding phosphate groups to them.

Accepted Answer

A) transmembrane proteins 
B) peripheral proteins 
C) kinases 
D) glycocalyx 
E) blockers 
A) transmembrane proteins 
B) peripheral proteins 
C) kinases 
D) glycocalyx 
E) blockers

Question 14

A cell's second messengers serve to transport material through the plasma membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following organelles is not involved in protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) Smooth ER 
B) Rough ER 
C) The Golgi complex 
D) The nucleus 
E) Ribosomes 
A) Smooth ER 
B) Rough ER 
C) The Golgi complex 
D) The nucleus 
E) Ribosomes

Question 16

Both the nucleus and the mitochondrion are surrounded by a two layer membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

White blood cells engulf bacteria by means of __________.

Accepted Answer

A) phagocytosis 
B) cotransport 
C) pinocytosis 
D) active transport 
E) receptor-mediated endocytosis 
A) phagocytosis 
B) cotransport 
C) pinocytosis 
D) active transport 
E) receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 18

A crystal of calcium phosphate in the cytoplasm of a cell should be classified as an inclusion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The number of particles of a solute in a solution is described by its ____________.The ability of a solution to affect the fluid volume in a cell is referred to as its __________.

Accepted Answer

A) tonicity; osmolarity 
B) osmolarity; diffusion 
C) osmolarity; tonicity 
D) osmolarity; molarity 
E) tonicity; diffusion 
A) tonicity; osmolarity 
B) osmolarity; diffusion 
C) osmolarity; tonicity 
D) osmolarity; molarity 
E) tonicity; diffusion

Question 20

Water flows through a selectively permeable membrane in a process called __________,but water molecules cross the membrane more easily through channels of transmembrane proteins called __________.

Accepted Answer

A) osmosis; water pumps 
B) osmosis; aquaporins 
C) osmosis; uniport 
D) filtration; aquaporins 
E) filtration; water pumps 
A) osmosis; water pumps 
B) osmosis; aquaporins 
C) osmosis; uniport 
D) filtration; aquaporins 
E) filtration; water pumps

Exam 3: Cellular Form and Function

The fluid outside of a cell is called __________.

Most transmembrane proteins have ___________ regions facing the intra- and extracellular fluid,and __________ regions embedded in the phospholipid bilayer.

Which of the following is not a method by which particles can leave a cell?

Most human cells range from 10 to 15 micrometers in diameter.What limits how large a cell can get?

Ribosomes are made of proteins and RNA.

The plasma membrane is permeable to _________,but impermeable to ___________.

The plasma membrane of cells lining the small intestine has __________,which are specialized for absorption of nutrients.

Which of the following is not considered an inclusion?

What function would immediately cease if the ribosomes of a cell were destroyed?

Two solutions are separated by a selectively permeable membrane.If solution A has a higher concentration of a nonpermeating solute than solution B,then __________.

Muscle cells contain numerous __________ to serve their high demand for ATP.

Among other functions,hepatocytes (liver cells)are specialized for detoxifying drugs or other chemicals.Hepatocytes have large amounts of __________.

In its second-messenger role,cAMP activates enzymes called _________,whose job is to regulate other enzymes by adding phosphate groups to them.

A cell's second messengers serve to transport material through the plasma membrane.

Which of the following organelles is not involved in protein synthesis?

Both the nucleus and the mitochondrion are surrounded by a two layer membrane.

White blood cells engulf bacteria by means of __________.

A crystal of calcium phosphate in the cytoplasm of a cell should be classified as an inclusion.

The number of particles of a solute in a solution is described by its ____________.The ability of a solution to affect the fluid volume in a cell is referred to as its __________.

Water flows through a selectively permeable membrane in a process called __________,but water molecules cross the membrane more easily through channels of transmembrane proteins called __________.

Major Themes of Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemistry of Life

Genetics of Cellular Function

Histology

The Integumentary System

Bone Tissue

The Skeletal System

Joints

The Muscular System

Muscular Tissue

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Somatic Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

The Autonomic Nervous System and Visceral Reflexes

Sense Organs

The Endocrine System

The Circulatory System: Blood

The Circulatory System: Heart

The Circulatory System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic and Immune Systems

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Water,Electrolyte,and Acid-Base Balance

The Digestive System

Nutrition and Metabolism

The Male Reproductive System

The Female Reproductive System

Human Development and Aging

General Orientation to Human Anatomy

Filters

Most transmembrane proteins have _ regions facing the intra- and extracellular fluid,and regions embedded in the phospholipid bilayer.

The plasma membrane is permeable to _,but impermeable to ___.

The number of particles of a solute in a solution is described by its __.The ability of a solution to affect the fluid volume in a cell is referred to as its .

Water flows through a selectively permeable membrane in a process called ,but water molecules cross the membrane more easily through channels of transmembrane proteins called .