Question 1

Three of the six criteria the book discussed for evaluating philosophical claims are

Accepted Answer

A)  cultural consensus,convincingness,clarity. 
B)  clarity,consistency,comprehensiveness. 
C)  centrality,comprehensiveness,cultural consensus. 
D)  compatibility,conviction,centrality. 
A)  cultural consensus,convincingness,clarity. 
B)  clarity,consistency,comprehensiveness. 
C)  centrality,comprehensiveness,cultural consensus. 
D)  compatibility,conviction,centrality. B

Question 2

Logic is the study of the psychological causes of our beliefs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Explain the difference between a deductive argument that is valid and an inductive argument that is strong.Give examples of each.Was your example of a deductive valid argument sound or not? Explain.Was your example of an inductively strong argument cogent or not? Explain.

Accepted Answer

A deductive argument that is valid means that if the premises are true, then the conclusion must also be true. In other words, the conclusion logically follows from the premises. An example of a deductive valid argument is:

Premise 1: All humans are mortal.
Premise 2: Socrates is a human.
Conclusion: Therefore, Socrates is mortal.

This argument is valid because if the premises are true, the conclusion must also be true. It is a valid deductive argument.

On the other hand, an inductive argument that is strong means that the premises provide strong support for the conclusion, but it does not guarantee the truth of the conclusion. An example of an inductively strong argument is:

Premise 1: Every time I have eaten strawberries, they have been sweet.
Conclusion: Therefore, the next strawberry I eat will be sweet.

This argument is strong because the premises provide strong support for the conclusion, but it does not guarantee that the next strawberry will be sweet. It is an inductively strong argument.

In the example of the deductive valid argument, the argument is both valid and sound. It is valid because the conclusion logically follows from the premises, and it is sound because the premises are true.

In the example of the inductively strong argument, the argument is cogent. It is strong because the premises provide strong support for the conclusion, and it is cogent because the premises are true. However, it is important to note that even though an inductive argument may be strong and cogent, it still does not guarantee the truth of the conclusion.

Question 4

Why did Socrates call himself the "midwife of ideas"? Why did he refer to himself as a "gadfly"? What does each figure of speech tell us about how he viewed philosophy and his mission?

Accepted Answer

Socrates called himself the "midwife of

Question 5

Suppose a friend asked,"Why are you studying philosophy? It is an abstract,totally impractical,and useless subject." What sort of reply could you make in defense of philosophy?

Accepted Answer

I study philosophy because it helps me t

Question 6

"All opinions are false" is an example of a self-referential inconsistency.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Philosophy of religion is concerned with the religious beliefs of various cultures and how they serve social needs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

An inference to the best explanation attempts to directly prove the truth of a theory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

What does it mean to say that an argument is "valid"? If an argument is valid,does that always mean that the premises are true? If the premises of an argument are true,does that always indicate that the argument is valid? Why is it that sound arguments will always have true premises,but that arguments with true premises are not necessarily sound?

Accepted Answer

When we say that an argument is "valid,"

Question 10

It is possible for an invalid argument to have true premises and a true conclusion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

A philosophy can fail the criteria of rational coherence without being contradictory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

According to Plato,there is no truth about justice,for everyone has a different opinion about it.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Explain the Socratic method.What are the various stages of this method? Next,discuss Socrates' conversation with Thrasymachus.What was the issue they were debating? How did Socrates get Thrasymachus to realize that there were problems with his initial position? How did this conversation illustrate Socrates' method?

Accepted Answer

The Socratic method is a form of coopera

Question 14

In his discussion with Socrates,Thrasymachus claims that justice is the interest of the stronger.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The Socratic method consisted of

Accepted Answer

A)  drawing philosophical conclusions from scientific observations. 
B)  lecturing to people on the basic principles for successful living. 
C)  surveying public opinion and embracing the collective wisdom of the majority. 
D)  asking questions of people and then questioning their answers. 
A)  drawing philosophical conclusions from scientific observations. 
B)  lecturing to people on the basic principles for successful living. 
C)  surveying public opinion and embracing the collective wisdom of the majority. 
D)  asking questions of people and then questioning their answers.

Question 16

The question "Are mental events really brain events?" is a metaphysical question.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

One of the six criteria listed in the text for evaluating a philosophy is emotional satisfaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

In philosophy,an argument is defined as "a contentious dispute."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Plato referred to Socrates' method as "dialectic."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

In Plato's Allegory of the Cave,the shadows represented

Accepted Answer

A)  our doubts and lack of confidence in our own worth. 
B)  the fact that truth is elusive and cannot be found. 
C)  the gods. 
D)  imperfect and confused representations of a higher reality. 
A)  our doubts and lack of confidence in our own worth. 
B)  the fact that truth is elusive and cannot be found. 
C)  the gods. 
D)  imperfect and confused representations of a higher reality.

Three of the six criteria the book discussed for evaluating philosophical claims are

Logic is the study of the psychological causes of our beliefs.

Explain the difference between a deductive argument that is valid and an inductive argument that is strong.Give examples of each.Was your example of a deductive valid argument sound or not? Explain.Was your example of an inductively strong argument cogent or not? Explain.

Why did Socrates call himself the "midwife of ideas"? Why did he refer to himself as a "gadfly"? What does each figure of speech tell us about how he viewed philosophy and his mission?

Suppose a friend asked,"Why are you studying philosophy? It is an abstract,totally impractical,and useless subject." What sort of reply could you make in defense of philosophy?

"All opinions are false" is an example of a self-referential inconsistency.

Philosophy of religion is concerned with the religious beliefs of various cultures and how they serve social needs.

An inference to the best explanation attempts to directly prove the truth of a theory.

It is possible for an invalid argument to have true premises and a true conclusion.

A philosophy can fail the criteria of rational coherence without being contradictory.

According to Plato,there is no truth about justice,for everyone has a different opinion about it.

In his discussion with Socrates,Thrasymachus claims that justice is the interest of the stronger.

The Socratic method consisted of

The question "Are mental events really brain events?" is a metaphysical question.

One of the six criteria listed in the text for evaluating a philosophy is emotional satisfaction.

In philosophy,an argument is defined as "a contentious dispute."

Plato referred to Socrates' method as "dialectic."

In Plato's Allegory of the Cave,the shadows represented

The Search for Ultimate Reality

The Search For Knowledge

The Search for God

The Search for Ethical Values

The Search for the Just Society

Philosophy and the Meaning of Life

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Exam 1: Introduction To The Philosophical Journey

Three of the six criteria the book discussed for evaluating philosophical claims are

Logic is the study of the psychological causes of our beliefs.

Explain the difference between a deductive argument that is valid and an inductive argument that is strong.Give examples of each.Was your example of a deductive valid argument sound or not? Explain.Was your example of an inductively strong argument cogent or not? Explain.

Why did Socrates call himself the "midwife of ideas"? Why did he refer to himself as a "gadfly"? What does each figure of speech tell us about how he viewed philosophy and his mission?

Suppose a friend asked,"Why are you studying philosophy? It is an abstract,totally impractical,and useless subject." What sort of reply could you make in defense of philosophy?

"All opinions are false" is an example of a self-referential inconsistency.

Philosophy of religion is concerned with the religious beliefs of various cultures and how they serve social needs.

An inference to the best explanation attempts to directly prove the truth of a theory.

It is possible for an invalid argument to have true premises and a true conclusion.

A philosophy can fail the criteria of rational coherence without being contradictory.

According to Plato,there is no truth about justice,for everyone has a different opinion about it.

In his discussion with Socrates,Thrasymachus claims that justice is the interest of the stronger.

The Socratic method consisted of

The question "Are mental events really brain events?" is a metaphysical question.

One of the six criteria listed in the text for evaluating a philosophy is emotional satisfaction.

In philosophy,an argument is defined as "a contentious dispute."

Plato referred to Socrates' method as "dialectic."

In Plato's Allegory of the Cave,the shadows represented

The Search for Ultimate Reality

The Search For Knowledge

The Search for God

The Search for Ethical Values

The Search for the Just Society

Philosophy and the Meaning of Life

Filters