Question 1

What does it mean that the genetic code is "highly conserved"?

Accepted Answer

A)  it is almost universal and has not changed in millions of years 
B)  it resists modification from environmental mutagens 
C)  organisms can only use it a certain number of times 
D)  all organisms and organelles - without exception - have the exact same genetic code 
E)  the products of the genetic code - proteins - are almost the same in all organisms 
A)  it is almost universal and has not changed in millions of years 
B)  it resists modification from environmental mutagens 
C)  organisms can only use it a certain number of times 
D)  all organisms and organelles - without exception - have the exact same genetic code 
E)  the products of the genetic code - proteins - are almost the same in all organisms

Question 2

Which of the following carries amino acids to ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA 
B)  tRNA 
C)  hnRNA 
D)  rRNA 
E)  all of these 
A)  mRNA 
B)  tRNA 
C)  hnRNA 
D)  rRNA 
E)  all of these

Question 3

In eukaryotes,what modification occurs to the mRNA transcript?

Accepted Answer

A)  the non-coding segments are removed 
B)  the thymines are removed and replaced with uracils 
C)  cytosines are added to the ends of the transcripts 
D)  coding segments are methylated 
E)  more than one of these modifications occur 
A)  the non-coding segments are removed 
B)  the thymines are removed and replaced with uracils 
C)  cytosines are added to the ends of the transcripts 
D)  coding segments are methylated 
E)  more than one of these modifications occur

Question 4

Methylation affects protein synthesis by affecting which of the following proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  histones 
B)  RNA polymerase 
C)  DNA polymerase 
D)  hemoglobin 
E)  transcription factors 
A)  histones 
B)  RNA polymerase 
C)  DNA polymerase 
D)  hemoglobin 
E)  transcription factors

Question 5

DNA molecules contain protein coding sequences called

Accepted Answer

A)  genotypes. 
B)  genomes. 
C)  nucleotides. 
D)  genes. 
E)  ribonucleic acids. 
A)  genotypes. 
B)  genomes. 
C)  nucleotides. 
D)  genes. 
E)  ribonucleic acids.

Question 6

MATCHING
Answer the following questions regarding protein synthesis by matching each term with the most appropriate description.
a.anticodon
b.rRNA
c.codon
d.ribosome
e.genetic code
f.translation termination
g.messenger RNA
h.promoters
i.transcription
j.translation
-occurs when stop codons are read

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Answer the following questions regarding protein synthesis...

Question 7

Once the amino acid on the second tRNA bonds with the amino acid of the first tRNA,what happens to that first tRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  it remains attached to the rRNA. 
B)  it moves into the nucleus to get more instructions from mRNA. 
C)  it breaks down into its component nucleotides. 
D)  it leaves the ribosome and may pick up another amino acid. 
E)  it transforms into a mRNA. 
A)  it remains attached to the rRNA. 
B)  it moves into the nucleus to get more instructions from mRNA. 
C)  it breaks down into its component nucleotides. 
D)  it leaves the ribosome and may pick up another amino acid. 
E)  it transforms into a mRNA.

Question 8

MATCHING
Answer the following questions regarding protein synthesis by matching each term with the most appropriate description.
a.anticodon
b.rRNA
c.codon
d.ribosome
e.genetic code
f.translation termination
g.messenger RNA
h.promoters
i.transcription
j.translation
-sites for polypeptide assembly

Accepted Answer

The answer of MATCHING
Answer the following questions regarding protein synthesis...

Question 9

During elongation,ribosomes catalyze formation of ____ between the amino acid and the growing polypeptide.

Accepted Answer

A)  a hydrogen bond 
B)  a peptide bond 
C)  a polar covalent bond 
D)  a non-polar covalent bond 
E)  a sulfur bond 
A)  a hydrogen bond 
B)  a peptide bond 
C)  a polar covalent bond 
D)  a non-polar covalent bond 
E)  a sulfur bond

Question 10

Which of the following NOT a protection from most mutations?

Accepted Answer

A)  very few bases actually change 
B)  the genetic code is redundant 
C)  most of our DNA is non-coding 
D)  genes contain non-coding regions 
E)  all of these protect us from mutations 
A)  very few bases actually change 
B)  the genetic code is redundant 
C)  most of our DNA is non-coding 
D)  genes contain non-coding regions 
E)  all of these protect us from mutations

Question 11

Deletion or insertion mutations cause

Accepted Answer

A)  base-pair substitutions. 
B)  frameshifts. 
C)  sickle cell anemia. 
D)  gene duplications. 
E)  no change in the gene affected. 
A)  base-pair substitutions. 
B)  frameshifts. 
C)  sickle cell anemia. 
D)  gene duplications. 
E)  no change in the gene affected.

Question 12

What percent of our DNA consists of transposable elements?

Accepted Answer

A)  4.5 
B)  14.5 
C)  45 
D)  65 
E)  90 
A)  4.5 
B)  14.5 
C)  45 
D)  65 
E)  90

Question 13

Methylation

Accepted Answer

A)  suppresses gene expression. 
B)  slows transcription. 
C)  increases the rate of translation. 
D)  inhibits the activity of RNA polymerase. 
E)  activates introns. 
A)  suppresses gene expression. 
B)  slows transcription. 
C)  increases the rate of translation. 
D)  inhibits the activity of RNA polymerase. 
E)  activates introns.

Question 14

Which of the following are inactivated by ricin?

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins 
B)  ribosomes 
C)  DNA 
D)  transcription factors 
E)  mRNA 
A)  proteins 
B)  ribosomes 
C)  DNA 
D)  transcription factors 
E)  mRNA

Question 15

Classification.Answer the questions in reference to the five RNA codons listed below.
 a.AUG
b.CAU
c.UUG
d.UUA
e.AAA
-This codon codes both for an amino acid and indicates the beginning of a coding region.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Classification.Answer the questions in reference to the...

Question 16

Transcription starts at a region of DNA called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  sequencer. 
B)  promoter. 
C)  activator. 
D)  terminator. 
E)  transcriber. 
A)  sequencer. 
B)  promoter. 
C)  activator. 
D)  terminator. 
E)  transcriber.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  single stranded 
B)  ribose sugar 
C)  nucleic acid 
D)  bases are A, T, C, G 
E)  phosphates attached to sugars 
A)  single stranded 
B)  ribose sugar 
C)  nucleic acid 
D)  bases are A, T, C, G 
E)  phosphates attached to sugars

Question 18

Which of the following is true of a methylation?

Accepted Answer

A)  the particular methylation is passed on in mitosis 
B)  chemicals in cigarette smoke remove methyl groups 
C)  methylation is never a random event 
D)  histones are immune to methylation 
E)  methylation is always harmful 
A)  the particular methylation is passed on in mitosis 
B)  chemicals in cigarette smoke remove methyl groups 
C)  methylation is never a random event 
D)  histones are immune to methylation 
E)  methylation is always harmful

Question 19

Translation stops when

Accepted Answer

A)  enzymes attach to the mRNA at the end of the mRNA transcript. 
B)  a certain number of codons have been read specified by the DNA gene. 
C)  one of the three stop codons is encountered. 
D)  the cell runs out of tRNA. 
E)  more than one of these things happens. 
A)  enzymes attach to the mRNA at the end of the mRNA transcript. 
B)  a certain number of codons have been read specified by the DNA gene. 
C)  one of the three stop codons is encountered. 
D)  the cell runs out of tRNA. 
E)  more than one of these things happens.

Question 20

Examine the figure above and answer the following question(s).
-In this representation of transcription,strand # 2 represents

Accepted Answer

A)  the coding DNA strand. 
B)  the transcript. 
C)  the template for the coding DNA strand. 
D)  the coded RNA strand. 
E)  both the transcript and the coded RNA strand. 
A)  the coding DNA strand. 
B)  the transcript. 
C)  the template for the coding DNA strand. 
D)  the coded RNA strand. 
E)  both the transcript and the coded RNA strand.

Exam 7: Gene Expression and Control

What does it mean that the genetic code is "highly conserved"?

Which of the following carries amino acids to ribosomes?

In eukaryotes,what modification occurs to the mRNA transcript?

Methylation affects protein synthesis by affecting which of the following proteins?

DNA molecules contain protein coding sequences called

MATCHING Answer the following questions regarding protein synthesis by matching each term with the most appropriate description. a.anticodon b.rRNA c.codon d.ribosome e.genetic code f.translation termination g.messenger RNA h.promoters i.transcription j.translation -occurs when stop codons are read

Once the amino acid on the second tRNA bonds with the amino acid of the first tRNA,what happens to that first tRNA?

MATCHING Answer the following questions regarding protein synthesis by matching each term with the most appropriate description. a.anticodon b.rRNA c.codon d.ribosome e.genetic code f.translation termination g.messenger RNA h.promoters i.transcription j.translation -sites for polypeptide assembly

During elongation,ribosomes catalyze formation of ____ between the amino acid and the growing polypeptide.

Which of the following NOT a protection from most mutations?

Deletion or insertion mutations cause

What percent of our DNA consists of transposable elements?

Methylation

Which of the following are inactivated by ricin?

Classification.Answer the questions in reference to the five RNA codons listed below. a.AUG b.CAU c.UUG d.UUA e.AAA -This codon codes both for an amino acid and indicates the beginning of a coding region.

Transcription starts at a region of DNA called a(n)

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of RNA?

Which of the following is true of a methylation?

Translation stops when

Examine the figure above and answer the following question(s). -In this representation of transcription,strand # 2 represents

Invitation to Biology

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Energy and Metabolism

Capturing and Releasing Energy

DNA Structure and Function

How Cells Reproduce

Patterns of Inheritance

Biotechnology

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Early Life Forms and the Viruses

Plants and Fungi

Animal Evolution

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

The Biosphere and Human Effects

Animal Tissues and Organs

How Animals Move

Circulation and Respiration

Immunity

Digestion and Excretion

Neural Control and the Senses

Endocrine Control

Reproduction and Development

Plant Form and Function

Plant Reproduction and Development

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