Question 1

A ____ is a structural modification that enables an individual to exploit their habitat more efficiently.

Accepted Answer

A)  key innovation 
B)  mutation 
C)  morphological convergence 
D)  morphological divergence 
E)  homologous structure 
A)  key innovation 
B)  mutation 
C)  morphological convergence 
D)  morphological divergence 
E)  homologous structure

Question 2

Fox squirrels living in Colorado and Eastern gray squirrels living in Minnesota provide an example of what type of isolating mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)  ecological 
B)  temporal 
C)  mechanical 
D)  behavioral 
E)  genetic 
A)  ecological 
B)  temporal 
C)  mechanical 
D)  behavioral 
E)  genetic

Question 3

Classification.The statements relate to taxonomy.For each one,select the best choice from the following terms.
 a.character
b.clade
c.cladistics
d.evolutionary tree
e.monophyletic group
f.phylogeny
g.sister groups
h.cladogram
i.taxon
-group of species that share a set of characteristics

Accepted Answer

The answer of Classification.The statements relate to taxonomy.For each one,select...

Question 4

Of the following,which is the least recently formed clade?

Accepted Answer

A)  humans, monkeys, apes 
B)  birds, alligators, lizards 
C)  horses, donkeys, zebra 
D)  dogs, wolves, foxes 
E)  conifers, ferns, yeast 
A)  humans, monkeys, apes 
B)  birds, alligators, lizards 
C)  horses, donkeys, zebra 
D)  dogs, wolves, foxes 
E)  conifers, ferns, yeast

Question 5

Puppies born too large experience difficulties in birthing and tend to have respiratory and other problems.Puppies born too small often can't compete with their siblings for their mother's milk.Thus,puppies born not too large or too small have a survival advantage.This is an example of ___ selection.

Accepted Answer

A)  directional 
B)  stabilizing 
C)  disruptive 
D)  frequency 
E)  more than one of these types of 
A)  directional 
B)  stabilizing 
C)  disruptive 
D)  frequency 
E)  more than one of these types of

Question 6

What event enabled the rats to become resistant to warfarin?

Accepted Answer

A)  mutation of a gene associated with the recycling of vitamin A 
B)  mutation of a gene associated with vitamin K 
C)  mutation of a gene associated with blood clotting 
D)  mutation of a gene associated with blood production 
E)  more than one of these enabled rats to become resistant to warfarin 
A)  mutation of a gene associated with the recycling of vitamin A 
B)  mutation of a gene associated with vitamin K 
C)  mutation of a gene associated with blood clotting 
D)  mutation of a gene associated with blood production 
E)  more than one of these enabled rats to become resistant to warfarin

Question 7

Classification.The statements are related to macroevolution.For each one,select the best choice from the following terms.
a.stasis
b.adaptive radiation
c.exaptation
d.coevolution
e.mass extinction
-an example of this is the evolutionary history of the coelacanth

Accepted Answer

The answer of Classification.The statements are related to macroevolution.For each...

Question 8

What is the rat to human ratio in most major cities?

Accepted Answer

A)  10:1 
B)  20:1 
C)  1:10 
D)  1:25 
E)  1:100 
A)  10:1 
B)  20:1 
C)  1:10 
D)  1:25 
E)  1:100

Question 9

In the universal ABO blood grouping system,there are four phenotypes: A,B,AB,and O.Various populations have different frequencies of these four phenotypes but,in most populations O is most common and AB least common.The ABO blood grouping system exemplifies

Accepted Answer

A)  polymorphism. 
B)  genetic drift. 
C)  the bottleneck effect. 
D)  the Red Queen effect. 
E)  the founder effect. 
A)  polymorphism. 
B)  genetic drift. 
C)  the bottleneck effect. 
D)  the Red Queen effect. 
E)  the founder effect.

Question 10

Peahens prefer to mate with peacocks that have the brightest and largest tail displays.The peacock's tail is,in and of itself,a disadvantage to the males.It is large and cumbersome and the males are more easily caught by predators because of it.Given these facts,why isn't the peacock's tail selected against by natural selection?

Accepted Answer

A)  peacocks lack the mutations to allow selection to work 
B)  it is working- peacocks are slowly going extinct 
C)  in spite of the disadvantage, peacocks with larger tails leave more offspring 
D)  it is selected against but because a peahen gives birth to so many males, the population is not greatly affected 
E)  this is one of those mysteries of biology 
A)  peacocks lack the mutations to allow selection to work 
B)  it is working- peacocks are slowly going extinct 
C)  in spite of the disadvantage, peacocks with larger tails leave more offspring 
D)  it is selected against but because a peahen gives birth to so many males, the population is not greatly affected 
E)  this is one of those mysteries of biology

Question 11

Which is the best example of the results of a neutral mutation?

Accepted Answer

A)  A new wing color evolves that enables a butterfly to better hide. 
B)  A new wing color evolves that makes a butterfly more noticeable. 
C)  Larger muscles evolve that allow a rabbit to run faster. 
D)  A new wing color evolves that doesn't affect a butterfly's ability to hide or make it more noticeable. 
E)  Larger eyes develop that enable a rat to see better at night. 
A)  A new wing color evolves that enables a butterfly to better hide. 
B)  A new wing color evolves that makes a butterfly more noticeable. 
C)  Larger muscles evolve that allow a rabbit to run faster. 
D)  A new wing color evolves that doesn't affect a butterfly's ability to hide or make it more noticeable. 
E)  Larger eyes develop that enable a rat to see better at night.

Question 12

All of the alleles of all of the genes of a population make up the

Accepted Answer

A)  species richness. 
B)  species abundance. 
C)  genome. 
D)  gene pool. 
E)  none of these. 
A)  species richness. 
B)  species abundance. 
C)  genome. 
D)  gene pool. 
E)  none of these.

Question 13

The favoring of the heterozygote within the population is an example of a

Accepted Answer

A)  balanced polymorphism. 
B)  genetic drift. 
C)  the Red Queen effect. 
D)  sexual selection. 
E)  disruptive selection. 
A)  balanced polymorphism. 
B)  genetic drift. 
C)  the Red Queen effect. 
D)  sexual selection. 
E)  disruptive selection.

Question 14

A black bear population being fragmented into separate smaller populations by a newly constructed road and the smaller populations prevented from interacting is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral isolation. 
B)  temporal isolation. 
C)  ecological isolation. 
D)  mechanical isolation. 
E)  genetic isolation. 
A)  behavioral isolation. 
B)  temporal isolation. 
C)  ecological isolation. 
D)  mechanical isolation. 
E)  genetic isolation.

Question 15

A physical barrier that separates a population in half and that leads to the evolution of a new species is called

Accepted Answer

A)  sympatric speciation. 
B)  allopatric speciation. 
C)  directional selection. 
D)  ecological isolation. 
E)  behavioral isolation. 
A)  sympatric speciation. 
B)  allopatric speciation. 
C)  directional selection. 
D)  ecological isolation. 
E)  behavioral isolation.

Question 16

Classification.The statements are related to macroevolution.For each one,select the best choice from the following terms.
a.stasis
b.adaptive radiation
c.exaptation
d.coevolution
e.mass extinction
-often follows extinction or the exploitation of a new habitat by a new species

Accepted Answer

The answer of Classification.The statements are related to macroevolution.For each...

Question 17

The coelacanth is an example of a species that is in

Accepted Answer

A)  isolation. 
B)  stasis. 
C)  change. 
D)  turmoil. 
E)  sympatry. 
A)  isolation. 
B)  stasis. 
C)  change. 
D)  turmoil. 
E)  sympatry.

Question 18

A trait with two forms is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  polymorphic. 
B)  dimorphic. 
C)  codominant. 
D)  heterozygous. 
E)  homozygous. 
A)  polymorphic. 
B)  dimorphic. 
C)  codominant. 
D)  heterozygous. 
E)  homozygous.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a source of heritable variation in traits among individuals of a population?

Accepted Answer

A)  mutation 
B)  crossing over 
C)  independent assortment 
D)  fertilization 
E)  mitosis 
A)  mutation 
B)  crossing over 
C)  independent assortment 
D)  fertilization 
E)  mitosis

Question 20

When a land bridge connecting two continents is cut off due to rising sea levels,this can lead to

Accepted Answer

A)  sympatric speciation. 
B)  disruptive selection. 
C)  directional selection. 
D)  hybrid sterility. 
E)  allopatric speciation. 
A)  sympatric speciation. 
B)  disruptive selection. 
C)  directional selection. 
D)  hybrid sterility. 
E)  allopatric speciation.

Exam 12: Processes of Evolution

A ____ is a structural modification that enables an individual to exploit their habitat more efficiently.

Fox squirrels living in Colorado and Eastern gray squirrels living in Minnesota provide an example of what type of isolating mechanism?

Classification.The statements relate to taxonomy.For each one,select the best choice from the following terms. a.character b.clade c.cladistics d.evolutionary tree e.monophyletic group f.phylogeny g.sister groups h.cladogram i.taxon -group of species that share a set of characteristics

Of the following,which is the least recently formed clade?

What event enabled the rats to become resistant to warfarin?

Classification.The statements are related to macroevolution.For each one,select the best choice from the following terms. a.stasis b.adaptive radiation c.exaptation d.coevolution e.mass extinction -an example of this is the evolutionary history of the coelacanth

What is the rat to human ratio in most major cities?

In the universal ABO blood grouping system,there are four phenotypes: A,B,AB,and O.Various populations have different frequencies of these four phenotypes but,in most populations O is most common and AB least common.The ABO blood grouping system exemplifies

Which is the best example of the results of a neutral mutation?

All of the alleles of all of the genes of a population make up the

The favoring of the heterozygote within the population is an example of a

A black bear population being fragmented into separate smaller populations by a newly constructed road and the smaller populations prevented from interacting is an example of

A physical barrier that separates a population in half and that leads to the evolution of a new species is called

Classification.The statements are related to macroevolution.For each one,select the best choice from the following terms. a.stasis b.adaptive radiation c.exaptation d.coevolution e.mass extinction -often follows extinction or the exploitation of a new habitat by a new species

The coelacanth is an example of a species that is in

A trait with two forms is referred to as

Which of the following is NOT a source of heritable variation in traits among individuals of a population?

When a land bridge connecting two continents is cut off due to rising sea levels,this can lead to

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