Exam 9: Development of the Nervous System

Despite general cortical thinning in cases of Williams syndrome, the thickness of the __________ cortex is often normal.

Adult neural stem cells that eventually migrate to the olfactory bulbs are created at certain sites in the layer of cells lining the lateral cerebral __________.

The first evidence that new neurons can be created in the brains of adult vertebrates came in the 1980s from the study of

__________, or ringing in the ears, causes a reorganization of primary auditory cortex.

The first major phase of neurodevelopment is induction of the

At the tip of each growing axon or dendrite is an amoebalike process called

Describe Williams syndrome and its genetic and neural correlates.

In one study, a few days of early monocular deprivation decreased the axonal __________ of lateral geniculate nucleus neurons that normally conducted signals from the deprived eye.

Adult stem cells that ultimately become hippocampal dentate gyrus neurons are created near the

A developing cell that is totipotential

The neural crest

The human brain grows after birth because of

Between birth and adulthood, the size of the human brain

The neural crest develops into the

Despite being intellectually handicapped, about 10% of autistic individuals display __________ abilities.

Most cell division in the developing neural tube occurs in the

In mammals, adult neurogenesis occurs in the

Evidence suggests that many neurons die during development because

Enriched environments increase adult neurogenesis in the rat hippocampus. This effect occurs largely, if not entirely, because rats living in enriched environments tend to get more __________.

Discuss the increase in size of the human brain after birth and three kinds of growth that contribute to it.