Exam 5: Condensation: Dew, Fog, and Clouds

List one or more key identifying features for each of the ten basic cloud types.Which cloud types might have fairly similar appearances and thus be difficult to identify?

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When clouds are viewed near the horizon,the individual cloud elements usually

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Question 2

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Would it be possible for rising air to remain cloud-free? If not,why not? If so,how?

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Yes, it is possible for rising air to remain cloud-free under certain conditions. Cloud formation depends on several factors, including temperature, humidity, and the presence of aerosols or particles around which water droplets can condense.

When air rises, it expands due to the lower pressure at higher altitudes. This expansion causes the air to cool, a process known as adiabatic cooling. If the air contains enough moisture, and if it cools to its dew point (the temperature at which air becomes saturated and condensation begins), cloud formation can occur. However, if the rising air does not reach its dew point, or if the air is too dry (low humidity), then clouds will not form.

Here are some scenarios in which rising air might remain cloud-free:

1. **Dry Air:** If the air is very dry, it may not contain enough water vapor to reach saturation, even when it cools as it rises. This can happen in desert regions or during certain weather conditions when the air mass is particularly dry.

2. **Stable Atmospheric Conditions:** If the atmosphere is stable, it can suppress the vertical movement of air. In a stable atmosphere, even if air starts to rise, it may not continue to rise very far or may warm due to subsidence (downward movement) elsewhere, preventing it from cooling enough to reach the dew point.

3. **Warm Air Aloft:** Sometimes, there can be a layer of warmer air above the surface, known as an inversion layer. If rising air encounters this warmer layer, it may not cool sufficiently to reach the dew point, preventing cloud formation.

4. **Rapid Uplift:** In some cases, air may rise so rapidly that it does not have time to cool to the dew point before reaching a level in the atmosphere where the surrounding air is too warm or too dry for clouds to form.

5. **Presence of Aerosols:** Cloud droplets typically form around tiny particles called cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). In very clean air with few aerosols, there may not be enough CCN for cloud droplets to form, even if the air is saturated.

In summary, while rising air often leads to cloud formation, it is possible for it to remain cloud-free if the conditions are not conducive to reaching the dew point, if the air is too dry, if the atmosphere is stable, if there is warm air aloft, or if there is a lack of aerosols.

Fog is often described as a cloud that forms at ground level.In what ways are the formation of fog and clouds similar and different?

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Suppose two unsaturated air masses mix horizontally.The resulting mixture cannot possibly be saturated.

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Question 5

An anvil-shaped top is most often associated with

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Question 6

List and discuss some of the effects that you think weather satellites may have had on the field of weather prediction.

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Question 7

Which association below is not correct?

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Question 8

When temperatures are below freezing,the temperature to which air must be cooled in order for a phase change to occur is called the

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Question 9

Frost typically forms on the inside of a windowpane (rather than the outside)because

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Question 10

Condensation nuclei may be

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Question 11

Condensation nuclei are important in the atmosphere because

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Question 12

A vertically-viewing detector is located 8,000 feet from a rotating beam ceilometer.Determine the height of the cloud base assuming a signal is detected when the ceilometer beam elevation angle is 30^o.

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Question 13

The cooling of the ground to produce dew is mainly the result of

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Question 14

Which below is NOT a way in which a contrail may form?

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Question 15

Suppose the sky is completely covered with a thin,white layered-type cloud.You look at the ground and see that objects cast a distinct shadow.From this you conclude that the cloud type must be

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Question 16

On a clear night,the minimum temperature drops to 34 F.The following night,fog forms early in the evening.It is a good bet the minimum temperature will not be as low because of the

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Question 17

Fog is a major hazard to aviation.

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Question 18

Infrared satellite images are computer enhanced to

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Question 19

Suppose two ocean currents with different temperatures are flowing next to one another.If the wind blows perpendicular to the currents,we would expect to find

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Question 20

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List one or more key identifying features for each of the ten basic cloud types.Which cloud types might have fairly similar appearances and thus be difficult to identify?

When clouds are viewed near the horizon,the individual cloud elements usually

Would it be possible for rising air to remain cloud-free? If not,why not? If so,how?

Fog is often described as a cloud that forms at ground level.In what ways are the formation of fog and clouds similar and different?

Suppose two unsaturated air masses mix horizontally.The resulting mixture cannot possibly be saturated.

An anvil-shaped top is most often associated with

List and discuss some of the effects that you think weather satellites may have had on the field of weather prediction.

Which association below is not correct?

When temperatures are below freezing,the temperature to which air must be cooled in order for a phase change to occur is called the

Frost typically forms on the inside of a windowpane (rather than the outside)because

Condensation nuclei may be

Condensation nuclei are important in the atmosphere because

A vertically-viewing detector is located 8,000 feet from a rotating beam ceilometer.Determine the height of the cloud base assuming a signal is detected when the ceilometer beam elevation angle is 30^o.

The cooling of the ground to produce dew is mainly the result of

Which below is NOT a way in which a contrail may form?

Suppose the sky is completely covered with a thin,white layered-type cloud.You look at the ground and see that objects cast a distinct shadow.From this you conclude that the cloud type must be

On a clear night,the minimum temperature drops to 34 F.The following night,fog forms early in the evening.It is a good bet the minimum temperature will not be as low because of the

Fog is a major hazard to aviation.

Infrared satellite images are computer enhanced to

Suppose two ocean currents with different temperatures are flowing next to one another.If the wind blows perpendicular to the currents,we would expect to find

Earth and Its Atmosphere

Energy: Warming the Earth and the Atmosphere

Seasonal and Daily Temperatures

Atmospheric Humidity

Stability and Cloud Development

Precipitation

Air Pressure and Winds

Wind: Small Scale and Local Systems

Wind: Global Systems

Air Masses and Fronts

Middle-Latitude Cyclones

Weather Forecasting

Thunderstorms and Tornadoes

Hurricanes

Earths Changing Climate

Global Climate

Air Pollution

Light, Color, and Atmospheric Optics

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Exam 5: Condensation: Dew, Fog, and Clouds

List one or more key identifying features for each of the ten basic cloud types.Which cloud types might have fairly similar appearances and thus be difficult to identify?

When clouds are viewed near the horizon,the individual cloud elements usually

Would it be possible for rising air to remain cloud-free? If not,why not? If so,how?

Fog is often described as a cloud that forms at ground level.In what ways are the formation of fog and clouds similar and different?

Suppose two unsaturated air masses mix horizontally.The resulting mixture cannot possibly be saturated.

An anvil-shaped top is most often associated with

List and discuss some of the effects that you think weather satellites may have had on the field of weather prediction.

Which association below is not correct?

When temperatures are below freezing,the temperature to which air must be cooled in order for a phase change to occur is called the

Frost typically forms on the inside of a windowpane (rather than the outside)because

Condensation nuclei may be

Condensation nuclei are important in the atmosphere because

A vertically-viewing detector is located 8,000 feet from a rotating beam ceilometer.Determine the height of the cloud base assuming a signal is detected when the ceilometer beam elevation angle is 30o.

The cooling of the ground to produce dew is mainly the result of

Which below is NOT a way in which a contrail may form?

Suppose the sky is completely covered with a thin,white layered-type cloud.You look at the ground and see that objects cast a distinct shadow.From this you conclude that the cloud type must be

On a clear night,the minimum temperature drops to 34 F.The following night,fog forms early in the evening.It is a good bet the minimum temperature will not be as low because of the

Fog is a major hazard to aviation.

Infrared satellite images are computer enhanced to

Suppose two ocean currents with different temperatures are flowing next to one another.If the wind blows perpendicular to the currents,we would expect to find

Earth and Its Atmosphere

Energy: Warming the Earth and the Atmosphere

Seasonal and Daily Temperatures

Atmospheric Humidity

Stability and Cloud Development

Precipitation

Air Pressure and Winds

Wind: Small Scale and Local Systems

Wind: Global Systems

Air Masses and Fronts

Middle-Latitude Cyclones

Weather Forecasting

Thunderstorms and Tornadoes

Hurricanes

Earths Changing Climate

Global Climate

Air Pollution

Light, Color, and Atmospheric Optics

Filters

A vertically-viewing detector is located 8,000 feet from a rotating beam ceilometer.Determine the height of the cloud base assuming a signal is detected when the ceilometer beam elevation angle is 30^o.