Exam 11: Collective Behavior

The use of __________ is important to the forming of collective memories?

According to LeBon,__________ is one of the main ingredients of contagion theory.

Which theorist is most associated with mass hysteria theory?

Authorities explained students' behavior at the "Stairway to the Stars" concert using which theory?

Following Smelser's value-added theory,why would we not expect a poor,third-world nation with a barter economy to develop mass hysteria over stock market problems in the United States,such as the crash of the U.S.market in the 1920s?

Reba went to the "Million Witch March" because doing witchcraft was a hobby for her.However,it was not a major part of her identity.After being there for only an hour or so,she decided to leave because she just could not make sense of what was going on and people seemed to be moving about aimlessly.Just then,she saw a police officer dragging one of the other witches away in a car.She looked around to see what other people were doing before marching forward to stop the police.Her actions proved successful at first,as many of the other witches joined her to stop the cop.However,eventually the police won the conflict by detaining a number of participants. -According to Turner and Killian,what kind of participant is Reba?

What is the best predictor of participation in a march or a riot?

Public radio,radio stations that rely,in part,on listener support to stay in business,run the risk of what problem?

Which of the following theories of collective behavior is most likely to incorporate larger social-structural conditions in predicting the development of a social movement?

The March for Life protest against abortion is probably best described as a __________.

According to Smelser's value-added theory,the American stock market crash in 1929 was representative of which kind of behavior?

Group processes research shows that __________ are natural products of individuals faced with large power disparities.

Guilford went to a protest against the school's smoking policy because he truly believed that it was wrong and should be changed.He had been a leader in the antismoking group for a number of years prior to the march.According to Turner and Killian,what kind of participant is he?

The debate as to whether to stop and look at an accident while driving by,possibly slowing down the traffic behind you,is an example of __________.

According to Blumer's theory of circular reaction,when do individuals in crowds start to lose control and act without much rationality?

Gustave LeBon's book The Crowd is based on observations of which of the following events?

Match the term to its definition by filling in the letter or letters before the term in the appropriate blank. _____ Groups of people with a focus,or goal,who act with unity to achieve a goal. _____ A dispersal in which participants leave a gathering in a rational,orderly fashion. _____ Crowd that lacks a goal and is primarily just a setting for tension release,often through rhythmical action such as applause,dancing,or singing. _____ Attempts to change the social order of society. _____ Aspect of emergent norm theory that argues that individuals enter groups with different attitudes and perspectives. _____ Any type of mass violence or killings. _____ Anonymous individuals from many social strata that are loosely organized. _____ A shared belief about a person,an event,or interaction or object. _____ A sense of shared emotional bonds that emerges whenever people interact in a group. _____ Crowd dispersals that occur during emergency situations like fires or explosions. _____ Collective action designed to produce a new social order. _____ An individual's sense of connection with a larger community or group. _____ An alliance of actors formed for the purpose of achieving some goal. _____ Part of the circular reaction process in which individuals at an event anxiously move about in a seemingly aimless and random fashion. _____ Movements to change the way things are regulated in society. _____ Examines the interaction of competing interests and opportunity structures in a group's ability to produce social change. _____ An aggregate of people,often from the same social class,who are concerned with a specific issue. _____ According to emergent norm theory,a person who is not directly involved with a group's goal but participates out of concern over an issue. _____ According to emergent norm theory,it is the type of person who participates in the group out of curiosity. _____ According to emergent norm theory,it is the type of person who feels a strong personal commitment to the issue that the group is involved with. _____ According to emergent norm theory,it is the person participating in a crowd merely for the sense of connection with the group. _____ A situation whereby,if every person acts in his or her own best interests,the results will be bad for the group. _____ A situation in which large numbers of people are overwhelmed with a common fear. _____ Part of the circular reaction process in which people respond to one another by interpreting the other's gestures and remarks,rehearsing or visualizing a possible response,and then conveying a response. _____ Process by which people become more and more suggestible and irrational after interactions become interrupted. _____ Situations in which a third party attempts to break up a group. _____ Theory based on the idea that individuals in crowds lose their ability to think and act rationally. _____ Theory based on the notion that to fully understand the causes of collective events,you need to distinguish the type of collective behavior in question and the social conditions surrounding it. _____ Theory based on the premise that people must be able to monitor and interpret one another's behavior for collective action to occur. _____ When large numbers of people become obsessed with something like the purchase of a product or an activity. _____ When individuals formally organize into groups to bring about social change. _____ Those movements that center around specific issues rather than class-based political mobilizations (e.g. ,workers' rights). _____ Theory of collective behavior focusing on how individuals come to accept the constraints imposed by a group. _____ Theory of collective action that views social movements as a product of the interaction between the social conditions that lead people to want change and resources available to make those changes. _____ When some actors can reap the benefits of a group effort without incurring the costs. _____ The purposive nature of people's behavior when they collectively celebrate,mourn,worship,protest,compete in athletics,or confront disasters.

Which description is characteristic of a coerced dispersal?

Read the vignette and answer the questions that follow. Reba went to the "Million Witch March" because doing witchcraft was a hobby for her.However,it was not a major part of her identity.After being there for only an hour or so,she decided to leave because she just could not make sense of what was going on and people seemed to be moving about aimlessly.Just then,she saw a police officer dragging one of the other witches away in a car.She looked around to see what other people were doing before marching forward to stop the police.Her actions proved successful at first,as many of the other witches joined her to stop the cop.However,eventually the police won the conflict by detaining a number of participants. -Using Blumer's theory of circular reaction,what stage was Reba going through before she decided to help the witch being taken away by the police?

Most protest marches in the United States are __________.