Question 1

In Europe during the Middle Ages, it was believed that

Accepted Answer

A)  all species had evolved from a common ancestor 
B)  evolution was the result of natural selection acting upon genetic variation 
C)  all forms were created by God and did not change over time 
D)  most species had become extinct over time 
E)  life was created slowly, over millions of years 
A)  all species had evolved from a common ancestor 
B)  evolution was the result of natural selection acting upon genetic variation 
C)  all forms were created by God and did not change over time 
D)  most species had become extinct over time 
E)  life was created slowly, over millions of years C

Question 2

How is natural selection related to environmental factors? How can selective pressures change? Give an example.

Accepted Answer

Natural selection is closely related to environmental factors because it is the process by which certain traits or characteristics become more or less common in a population based on their ability to survive and reproduce in a specific environment. Environmental factors such as climate, food availability, predators, and competition for resources can create selective pressures that favor certain traits over others. For example, in a dry and arid environment, organisms with traits that allow them to conserve water and tolerate high temperatures are more likely to survive and reproduce, leading to an increase in the frequency of these traits in the population.

Selective pressures can change in response to shifts in the environment. For example, if a new predator is introduced to an ecosystem, organisms with traits that make them less vulnerable to predation may have a higher chance of survival and reproduction, leading to a shift in the population towards these traits. Similarly, changes in climate or food availability can create new selective pressures that favor different traits.

Overall, natural selection is intricately linked to environmental factors and plays a crucial role in shaping the characteristics of populations over time. It is a dynamic process that can change in response to shifts in the environment, leading to the adaptation of organisms to their surroundings.

Question 3

Evolution is a theory that has considerable support from genetic evidence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Creationism is considered a science because it has testable hypotheses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which is the best example of natural selection?

Accepted Answer

A)  the peppered moth 
B)  the medium ground finch of the Galápagos 
C)  the recent increase in resistant strains of disease-causing microorganisms 
D)  the recent decrease in resistant strains of disease-causing microorganisms 
E)  Mendel's project with peas and beans 
A)  the peppered moth 
B)  the medium ground finch of the Galápagos 
C)  the recent increase in resistant strains of disease-causing microorganisms 
D)  the recent decrease in resistant strains of disease-causing microorganisms 
E)  Mendel's project with peas and beans

Question 6

__________________ proposed that population size increases at a faster rate than food supplies.

Accepted Answer

A)  Erasmus Darwin 
B)  Alfred Russel Wallace 
C)  Thomas Malthus 
D)  Charles Lyell 
E)  Jean-Baptiste Lamarck 
A)  Erasmus Darwin 
B)  Alfred Russel Wallace 
C)  Thomas Malthus 
D)  Charles Lyell 
E)  Jean-Baptiste Lamarck

Question 7

__________________first recognized that species were groups of organisms that were distinguished from other such groups by their ability to mate with one another and produce fertile offspring.

Accepted Answer

A)  John Ray 
B)  Charles Darwin 
C)  Carolus Linnaeus 
D)  Alfred Russel Wallace 
E)  Jean-Baptiste Lamarck 
A)  John Ray 
B)  Charles Darwin 
C)  Carolus Linnaeus 
D)  Alfred Russel Wallace 
E)  Jean-Baptiste Lamarck

Question 8

When it came to explaining the origins of variation within species, Darwin

Accepted Answer

A)  used Mendel's theory of heredity 
B)  agreed with Lamarck that it was caused by an animal's inner needs 
C)  argued it was caused by differential use of an animal's body parts 
D)  had no idea of the true causes 
E)  used his research gathered while at Cambridge 
A)  used Mendel's theory of heredity 
B)  agreed with Lamarck that it was caused by an animal's inner needs 
C)  argued it was caused by differential use of an animal's body parts 
D)  had no idea of the true causes 
E)  used his research gathered while at Cambridge

Question 9

Charles Darwin was not the only one to conceive of natural selection. Who published an article suggesting current species were descended from other species?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jean Baptiste Lamarck 
B)  Erasmus Darwin 
C)  Georges-Louis Leclerk de Buffon 
D)  Alfred Russel Wallace 
E)  John Scopes 
A)  Jean Baptiste Lamarck 
B)  Erasmus Darwin 
C)  Georges-Louis Leclerk de Buffon 
D)  Alfred Russel Wallace 
E)  John Scopes

Question 10

Several events had combined to alter Western Europeans' ideas about the earth by the 18th century. These did not include

Accepted Answer

A)  the circumnavigation of the globe 
B)  the discovery of the New World 
C)  the notion of a sun-centered universe 
D)  a less than rigid feudal class system 
E)  "arguments from design", meaning structures were engineered to meet purposes for which they were designed 
A)  the circumnavigation of the globe 
B)  the discovery of the New World 
C)  the notion of a sun-centered universe 
D)  a less than rigid feudal class system 
E)  "arguments from design", meaning structures were engineered to meet purposes for which they were designed

Question 11

Growing attacks on traditional beliefs resulted with growing awareness of biological diversity. _________challenged a notion proposed by Aristotle to account for the movement of the sun and planets.

Accepted Answer

A)  Copernicus 
B)  Linnaeus 
C)  Darwin 
D)  Wallace 
E)  Mendel 
A)  Copernicus 
B)  Linnaeus 
C)  Darwin 
D)  Wallace 
E)  Mendel

Question 12

Who was the first to recognize the role of the environment as a significant factor in evolutionary change?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jean-Baptiste Lamarck 
B)  Georges Cuvier 
C)  Thomas Malthus 
D)  Charles Darwin 
E)  Charles Lyell 
A)  Jean-Baptiste Lamarck 
B)  Georges Cuvier 
C)  Thomas Malthus 
D)  Charles Darwin 
E)  Charles Lyell

Question 13

Charles Darwin refrained from immediately publishing his theory of natural selection because he was aware of its controversial nature.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Who coined the term "biology"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jean-Baptiste Lamarck 
B)  Georges Cuvier 
C)  Thomas Malthus 
D)  Charles Darwin 
E)  Charles Lyell 
A)  Jean-Baptiste Lamarck 
B)  Georges Cuvier 
C)  Thomas Malthus 
D)  Charles Darwin 
E)  Charles Lyell

Question 15

The fact that individuals who possess favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce than those who possess less favorable traits is the basis for which theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  uniformitarianism 
B)  natural selection 
C)  the inheritance of acquired characteristics 
D)  catastrophism 
E)  the fixity of species 
A)  uniformitarianism 
B)  natural selection 
C)  the inheritance of acquired characteristics 
D)  catastrophism 
E)  the fixity of species

Question 16

Darwin

Accepted Answer

A)  was reluctant to publish his theories 
B)  wrote his theory of natural selection while still on board the Beagle 
C)  published his theories as soon as he returned from his voyage on the Beagle 
D)  was not concerned with public opinion and did not mind if his theories were criticized 
E)  knew his friends and colleagues would not be affected by the publication of his theory 
A)  was reluctant to publish his theories 
B)  wrote his theory of natural selection while still on board the Beagle 
C)  published his theories as soon as he returned from his voyage on the Beagle 
D)  was not concerned with public opinion and did not mind if his theories were criticized 
E)  knew his friends and colleagues would not be affected by the publication of his theory

Question 17

Discuss the ideas of two individuals who significantly affected Darwin's formulation of the theory of natural selection.

Accepted Answer

One individual who significantly affecte

Question 18

The discovery of evolutionary principles first took place in western Europe, made possible by

Accepted Answer

A)  advances in scientific thinking that began in the 18th century 
B)  understanding by Christians that there was a recent origin of life on earth 
C)  the cohesive theory formulated by Arabs, Indians, and Chinese that species were continuously changing 
D)  advances in scientific thinking that date back to the 16th century. 
E)  the central importance placed on evolution by physical anthropologists. 
A)  advances in scientific thinking that began in the 18th century 
B)  understanding by Christians that there was a recent origin of life on earth 
C)  the cohesive theory formulated by Arabs, Indians, and Chinese that species were continuously changing 
D)  advances in scientific thinking that date back to the 16th century. 
E)  the central importance placed on evolution by physical anthropologists.

Question 19

Explain what is meant by differential net reproductive success. Give an example of how this mechanism works.

Accepted Answer

Differential net reproductive success re

Question 20

Carolus Linnaeus

Accepted Answer

A)  established a binomial system of classification for plants and animals 
B)  was a proponent of evolutionary change 
C)  opposed all notions of fixity of species 
D)  was a supporter of Charles Darwin 
E)  developed theories of natural selection 
A)  established a binomial system of classification for plants and animals 
B)  was a proponent of evolutionary change 
C)  opposed all notions of fixity of species 
D)  was a supporter of Charles Darwin 
E)  developed theories of natural selection

In Europe during the Middle Ages, it was believed that

How is natural selection related to environmental factors? How can selective pressures change? Give an example.

Evolution is a theory that has considerable support from genetic evidence.

Creationism is considered a science because it has testable hypotheses.

Which is the best example of natural selection?

__________________ proposed that population size increases at a faster rate than food supplies.

__________________first recognized that species were groups of organisms that were distinguished from other such groups by their ability to mate with one another and produce fertile offspring.

When it came to explaining the origins of variation within species, Darwin

Charles Darwin was not the only one to conceive of natural selection. Who published an article suggesting current species were descended from other species?

Several events had combined to alter Western Europeans' ideas about the earth by the 18^th century. These did not include

Growing attacks on traditional beliefs resulted with growing awareness of biological diversity. _________challenged a notion proposed by Aristotle to account for the movement of the sun and planets.

Who was the first to recognize the role of the environment as a significant factor in evolutionary change?

Charles Darwin refrained from immediately publishing his theory of natural selection because he was aware of its controversial nature.

Who coined the term "biology"?

The fact that individuals who possess favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce than those who possess less favorable traits is the basis for which theory?

Darwin

Discuss the ideas of two individuals who significantly affected Darwin's formulation of the theory of natural selection.

The discovery of evolutionary principles first took place in western Europe, made possible by

Explain what is meant by differential net reproductive success. Give an example of how this mechanism works.

Carolus Linnaeus

Introduction to Physical Anthropology

The Biological Basis of Life Connections

Heredity and Evolution

Processes of Macroevolution

An Overview of the Primates

Primate Behavior

Primate and Hominin Origins

The First Dispersal of the Genus Homo: Homo Erectus and Contemporaries

Premodern Humans

The Origin and Dispersal of Modern Humans

Human Variation and Adaptation

Legacies of Human Evolutionary History: Effects on the Individual

The Human Disconnection

Filters

Exam 2: The Development of Evolutionary Theory

In Europe during the Middle Ages, it was believed that

How is natural selection related to environmental factors? How can selective pressures change? Give an example.

Evolution is a theory that has considerable support from genetic evidence.

Creationism is considered a science because it has testable hypotheses.

Which is the best example of natural selection?

__________________ proposed that population size increases at a faster rate than food supplies.

__________________first recognized that species were groups of organisms that were distinguished from other such groups by their ability to mate with one another and produce fertile offspring.

When it came to explaining the origins of variation within species, Darwin

Charles Darwin was not the only one to conceive of natural selection. Who published an article suggesting current species were descended from other species?

Several events had combined to alter Western Europeans' ideas about the earth by the 18th century. These did not include

Growing attacks on traditional beliefs resulted with growing awareness of biological diversity. _________challenged a notion proposed by Aristotle to account for the movement of the sun and planets.

Who was the first to recognize the role of the environment as a significant factor in evolutionary change?

Charles Darwin refrained from immediately publishing his theory of natural selection because he was aware of its controversial nature.

Who coined the term "biology"?

The fact that individuals who possess favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce than those who possess less favorable traits is the basis for which theory?

Darwin

Discuss the ideas of two individuals who significantly affected Darwin's formulation of the theory of natural selection.

The discovery of evolutionary principles first took place in western Europe, made possible by

Explain what is meant by differential net reproductive success. Give an example of how this mechanism works.

Carolus Linnaeus

Introduction to Physical Anthropology

The Biological Basis of Life Connections

Heredity and Evolution

Processes of Macroevolution

An Overview of the Primates

Primate Behavior

Primate and Hominin Origins

The First Dispersal of the Genus Homo: Homo Erectus and Contemporaries

Premodern Humans

The Origin and Dispersal of Modern Humans

Human Variation and Adaptation

Legacies of Human Evolutionary History: Effects on the Individual

The Human Disconnection

Filters

Several events had combined to alter Western Europeans' ideas about the earth by the 18^th century. These did not include