Question 1

A type of descriptive statistic that summarizes the strength of an association:

Accepted Answer

A)  Measure of Significance 
B)  Measure of Central Tendency 
C)  Measure of Variation 
D)  Measure of Association 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Measure of Significance 
B)  Measure of Central Tendency 
C)  Measure of Variation 
D)  Measure of Association 
E)  None of the above D

Question 2

Answer the following from the data presented below: What is the range for GPA in the sample? What is the mean age of the sample? What is the modal age of the sample? What is the median age of the sample? What is the mean age of the male sub-sample? What is the median GPA of juniors? What is the modal major of the sample? Based on means, how much higher is the male GPA than the female GPA? What is the modal class of the sample? What is the median class of the sample?

Accepted Answer

mean, media, mode, central tendency; range, interquartile range, standard deviation

Question 3

Use the following to answer questions 16-18:
In each set, match a concept from Group A to a definition or example from Group B.
-Data Displays
 Group A
 1. Bar chart
 2. Histogram
 3. Frequency polygon
 4. Normal curve
 
 Group B
 a. A distribution containing solid bars separated by spaces
 b. A continuous line connecting points that represent the number or percentage of cases at each value
 c. A distribution presented as fractions of a whole
 d. A bell-shaped distribution centered on the mean
 e. A distribution of adjacent bars

Accepted Answer

1-a
2-e
3-b
4-d

Question 4

Which of the following is false about standard deviations?

Accepted Answer

A)  It tells how wide the variation of any set of cases is. 
B)  It is the square root of the variance. 
C)  It is the square root of the average squared deviation of each case from the mean. 
D)  It is the preferred measure of variability when a variable in normally distributed. 
E)  It is a measure of central tendency. 
A)  It tells how wide the variation of any set of cases is. 
B)  It is the square root of the variance. 
C)  It is the square root of the average squared deviation of each case from the mean. 
D)  It is the preferred measure of variability when a variable in normally distributed. 
E)  It is a measure of central tendency.

Question 5

Which of the following data displays represent data not as bars, but as connected points in a single line?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mean 
B)  Mode 
C)  Bar chart 
D)  Frequency polygon 
E)  Histogram 
A)  Mean 
B)  Mode 
C)  Bar chart 
D)  Frequency polygon 
E)  Histogram

Question 6

A student constructs the following frequency distribution based on this research hypothesis: A person's level of education predicts that person's level of prejudice. Find three things wrong with the table. Rewrite the table correctly, assuming that the sample had exactly 100 people in each category.
Table 1.1: Percent of respondents' level of prejudice by level of education.

Accepted Answer

In a crosstab, estimation of this probab

Question 7

When researchers analyze data that they did not collect, such as the General Social Survey, they are conducting what type of research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Primary research 
B)  Data cleaning 
C)  Historical research 
D)  Secondary research 
E)  Repetition 
A)  Primary research 
B)  Data cleaning 
C)  Historical research 
D)  Secondary research 
E)  Repetition

Question 8

Compute three measures of central tendency and two measures of variability for the following data set: When asked their age, ten college students responded: 21, 19, 20, 18, 18, 19, 33, 22, 19, 18. Given this distribution, which measures of central tendency and variability are most appropriate? Explain your decision, drawing a graph or creating a frequency distribution as necessary.

Accepted Answer

mean, media, mode, c

Question 9

Use the following to answer questions 16-18:
In each set, match a concept from Group A to a definition or example from Group B.
-Measures of central tendency and variation
 Group A
 1. Mean
 2. Median
 3. Mode
 4. Range
 5. Standard deviation
 
 Group B
 a. The point that divides the distribution in half
 b. The average squared deviation of each case from the mean
 c. The most frequent value in a distribution
 d. The distance from the mean that covers about two-thirds of cases
 e. The highest value in a distribution minus the lowest value plus one 
 f. The arithmetic average of the distribution

Accepted Answer

1-fF
2-a
3

Question 10

Data cleaning occurs before data entry.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Crosstabulations show relationships between ____________, while elaboration considers _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  one variable, two variables 
B)  two variables, three or more variables, 
C)  independent variables, independent and dependent variables 
D)  categoric variables, numeric variables 
E)  nominal variables, ratio variables 
A)  one variable, two variables 
B)  two variables, three or more variables, 
C)  independent variables, independent and dependent variables 
D)  categoric variables, numeric variables 
E)  nominal variables, ratio variables

Question 12

What three features are important for describing the shape of a variable's distribution?

Accepted Answer

Three features that are import

Question 13

Consider the relationship between gender, wages, and years of experience on the job. Draw a table in which you propose a hypothesis that involves a bivariate relationship between two of these variables, but considers the third as an extraneous variable (obviously, the cells will remain empty in this table). Explain your rationale for choosing the extraneous variable.

Accepted Answer

cross-tabulation also can be used to stu

Question 14

A graph with a normal distribution looks like which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  A balance beam with two equal size bags on either side of the median 
B)  A box with a wide base and short sides 
C)  A bell with a hump in the middle and sloping sides 
D)  A pyramid with broad based extension across the range of cases 
E)  A barbell with equal weight on either side 
A)  A balance beam with two equal size bags on either side of the median 
B)  A box with a wide base and short sides 
C)  A bell with a hump in the middle and sloping sides 
D)  A pyramid with broad based extension across the range of cases 
E)  A barbell with equal weight on either side

Question 15

A frequency polygon is the most relevant graph for displaying discrete, nominal variables.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

What statistic is used to determine whether a significant relationship exists between two variables in a crosstab?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alpha 
B)  Beta 
C)  Gamma 
D)  Delta 
E)  Epsilon 
A)  Alpha 
B)  Beta 
C)  Gamma 
D)  Delta 
E)  Epsilon

Question 17

Describe situations in which a variable's variability is best measured by the range, interquartile range, and standard deviation, providing at least two concrete examples of each.

Accepted Answer

range, int

Question 18

Which of the following is not a guideline for constructing graphs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Begin the graph of a quantitative variable at zero on both axes. 
B)  Always use bars of equal width. 
C)  The two axes should be of approximately equal length. 
D)  Avoid "chart junk" that clutters the graph. 
E)  When possible, use graphics instead of bars. 
A)  Begin the graph of a quantitative variable at zero on both axes. 
B)  Always use bars of equal width. 
C)  The two axes should be of approximately equal length. 
D)  Avoid "chart junk" that clutters the graph. 
E)  When possible, use graphics instead of bars.

Question 19

In a crosstabs, the cells display:

Accepted Answer

A)  Counts 
B)  Percentages 
C)  Categories of the dependent variable 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  All of the above 
A)  Counts 
B)  Percentages 
C)  Categories of the dependent variable 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  All of the above

Question 20

The measure of central tendency most appropriate for nominal variables is the mode.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

A type of descriptive statistic that summarizes the strength of an association:

Which of the following is false about standard deviations?

Which of the following data displays represent data not as bars, but as connected points in a single line?

When researchers analyze data that they did not collect, such as the General Social Survey, they are conducting what type of research?

Data cleaning occurs before data entry.

Crosstabulations show relationships between , while elaboration considers _.

What three features are important for describing the shape of a variable's distribution?

A graph with a normal distribution looks like which of the following?

A frequency polygon is the most relevant graph for displaying discrete, nominal variables.

What statistic is used to determine whether a significant relationship exists between two variables in a crosstab?

Describe situations in which a variable's variability is best measured by the range, interquartile range, and standard deviation, providing at least two concrete examples of each.

Which of the following is not a guideline for constructing graphs?

In a crosstabs, the cells display:

The measure of central tendency most appropriate for nominal variables is the mode.

Science, Society, and Social Research

The Process and Problems of Social Research

Ethics in Research

Conceptualization and Measurement

Sampling and Generalizability

Causation and Experimental Design

Survey Research

Qualitative Methods: Observing, Participating, Listening

Qualitative Data Analysis

Unobtrusive Measures

Evaluation Research

Filters

Exam 8: Elementary Quantitative Data Analysis

A type of descriptive statistic that summarizes the strength of an association:

Which of the following is false about standard deviations?

Which of the following data displays represent data not as bars, but as connected points in a single line?

When researchers analyze data that they did not collect, such as the General Social Survey, they are conducting what type of research?

Data cleaning occurs before data entry.

Crosstabulations show relationships between ____________, while elaboration considers _____________.

What three features are important for describing the shape of a variable's distribution?

A graph with a normal distribution looks like which of the following?

A frequency polygon is the most relevant graph for displaying discrete, nominal variables.

What statistic is used to determine whether a significant relationship exists between two variables in a crosstab?

Describe situations in which a variable's variability is best measured by the range, interquartile range, and standard deviation, providing at least two concrete examples of each.

Which of the following is not a guideline for constructing graphs?

In a crosstabs, the cells display:

The measure of central tendency most appropriate for nominal variables is the mode.

Science, Society, and Social Research

The Process and Problems of Social Research

Ethics in Research

Conceptualization and Measurement

Sampling and Generalizability

Causation and Experimental Design

Survey Research

Qualitative Methods: Observing, Participating, Listening

Qualitative Data Analysis

Unobtrusive Measures

Evaluation Research

Filters

Crosstabulations show relationships between , while elaboration considers _.