Exam 5: Musculoskeletal System: Structure, Function, and Evaluation

Reciprocal arm swing

You are doing an orthopedic evaluation on a 13-month-old child. The parents are concerned that the child isn't walking. Select the finding that is atypical in a 13-month-old child.

A full-term, typically developing neonate will have which following range of motion?

The spine of a newborn infant is initially in a

Select the factor(s) that contributes to neonatal hip instability.

The clavicle, mandible, and facial and cranial flat bones develop directly in vascularized mesenchyme through a process called

A flexible flat foot in a typically developing 3 $1 / 2$ -year-old is a concerning finding and should be referred to an orthopedic physician for further evaluation.

Cadence is

After initial development, bone shape can be changed through a process called

To estimate the amount of metatarsus adductus present, you should draw a line that bisects the child's metatarsals and then draw a second line that is perpendicular to this line and bisects the calcaneus.

The kinematics of a child's gait are generally mature by which age?

Measuring a child's thigh-foot angle gives you an indication of the amount of

When performing the hip prone extension test, you should

It is typical for a 24-month old to have a hip flexion contracture of about 10 degrees.

Cartilage provides the initial prenatal structure for the development of bone.

It is common to see the most significant genu valgum posture (knock-kneed) in children around ______year(s) of age.

Variability in joint angle or kinematic patterns during gait is most common in

Select the correct definition(s):

A tape measure is a more accurate method to measure an actual leg length discrepancy than the block method.