Exam 11: Problems of Education

Schools have been compared with prisons,mental hospitals,and other such institutions that have been called total institutions.Schools do exhibit one of the key traits of total institutions,which is __________.

Busing has been employed in the attempt to achieve school desegregation.One study of busing describes a community that actively resists change.This community is called a __________.

The liberal view of educational policy is based on __________.

The main criticism of voucher plans is that __________.

Total U.S.spending on education at all levels was estimated at 1.1 trillion dollars for the 2009-2010,which includes funds from ___________.

According to the ___________ view of educational policy,the basic aim of education is to promote the maximum self-development of each individual learner,paying specific attention to differences among interests,needs,abilities,and values.

__________ percent of all American children between the ages of 7 and 15 are enrolled in school.

Higher education has been subject to significant policy innovations and reforms.Discuss these changes,and analyze their effectiveness.

One reason educational attainment is stressed so strongly is that it is positively correlated with __________.

Georgia's much-publicized __________ Program,which provides higher education funds for students who maintain a B or better average,is becoming a policy model that may be replicated elsewhere in the nation.

In the decade since the first charter schools opened,the U.S.charter-school movement has produced about __________ in 29 states and the District of Columbia.

The __________ Project on School Desegregation notes that during the Reagan administration,there was an explicit policy not to pursue school districts that failed to make progress toward desegregation.

In 2007,the Supreme Court reversed the landmark precedent set in the 1954 Brown v.Board of Education decision against school segregation,ruling that voluntary policies designed to select students based on race in order to achieve more integrated classrooms are __________.

Which of the following was NOT one of the recommendations made by the National Commission on Excellence in Education in A Nation at Risk?

Compare and contrast the basic sociological approaches on educational problems.Give specific examples.

The __________ approach to educational problems views them as resulting from students who come from homes that are socially disorganized.

In 1991,the Supreme Court held that the Oklahoma City schools __________.

The policy recommendations arising out of criticism of American education take two main forms: __________ and __________.

The __________ approach to educational problems views the schools as agents of social control whose task it is to reinforce society's values and to control deviance through discipline.

Educational conservatives believe that schools should get "Back to Basics." What do they mean? What are the difficulties in implementing this approach?