Question 1

What is an advantage of working with short DNA fragments?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are more stable and less likely to break apart. 
B)  Their quantity can be greatly amplified by PCR technology. 
C)  They are less subject to degradation due to adverse environmental conditions. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  A and B only 
A)  They are more stable and less likely to break apart. 
B)  Their quantity can be greatly amplified by PCR technology. 
C)  They are less subject to degradation due to adverse environmental conditions. 
D)  all of the above 
E)  A and B only E

Question 2

Define and explain the forensics value of CODIS.

Accepted Answer

CODIS stands for Combined DNA Index System, and it is a computer database maintained by the FBI that stores DNA profiles from convicted offenders, unsolved crime scene evidence, and missing persons. CODIS has significant forensic value because it allows law enforcement agencies to compare DNA evidence from different crime scenes and identify potential matches. This can help solve cold cases, link crimes together, and identify suspects who may have committed multiple offenses. Additionally, CODIS can also be used to exonerate innocent individuals who have been wrongly convicted. Overall, CODIS plays a crucial role in the forensic investigation process by providing a powerful tool for identifying and apprehending criminals, as well as bringing closure to victims and their families.

Question 3

The transfer of DNA fragments onto a nylon membrane is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  PCR. 
B)  replication. 
C)  Southern blotting. 
D)  hybridization. 
E)  polymerization. 
A)  PCR. 
B)  replication. 
C)  Southern blotting. 
D)  hybridization. 
E)  polymerization. C

Question 4

Diagram the complementary strand for the following DNA segment ATAGCCGTA.

Accepted Answer

The complementary strand for a DNA segme

Question 5

What laboratory procedure has made possible the development of bacteria that can synthesize insulin?

Accepted Answer

A)  karyotyping 
B)  gene splicing 
C)  electrophoresis 
D)  PCR 
E)  Southern blotting 
A)  karyotyping 
B)  gene splicing 
C)  electrophoresis 
D)  PCR 
E)  Southern blotting

Question 6

DNA is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  polymer. 
B)  enzyme. 
C)  starch. 
D)  sugar. 
E)  protein. 
A)  polymer. 
B)  enzyme. 
C)  starch. 
D)  sugar. 
E)  protein.

Question 7

The separation of STRs using capillary electrophoresis:

Accepted Answer

A)  evolved from the flat-gel electrophoresis approach. 
B)  automates sampling and data collection. 
C)  decreases analysis time. 
D)  is currently the preferred method. 
E)  all of the above 
A)  evolved from the flat-gel electrophoresis approach. 
B)  automates sampling and data collection. 
C)  decreases analysis time. 
D)  is currently the preferred method. 
E)  all of the above

Question 8

Use this DNA RFLP pattern of evidence from a rape investigation to answer the following question(s) .
$\begin{array}{c}
&\text{ Semen}\
\text { Blood of } & \text { Recovered } & \text { Blood from } & \text { Blood from } & \text { Blood from } \
\text { Victim } & \text { from Victim } & \text { Suspect A } & \text { Suspect B } & \text { Suspect C }\
&&-\
-\
&-\
&&-\
&&&-\
&&&&-\
-\
&-\
&&&&-\
\end{array}$
-The evidence suggests which suspect raped the victim?

Accepted Answer

A)  The evidence suggests that two of the suspects raped the victim. 
B)  suspect A 
C)  The evidence shows that none of these suspects is a match. 
D)  suspect C 
E)  suspect B 
A)  The evidence suggests that two of the suspects raped the victim. 
B)  suspect A 
C)  The evidence shows that none of these suspects is a match. 
D)  suspect C 
E)  suspect B

Question 9

The rate at which large DNA fragments move through the electrophoretic gel is ________ the rate at which small DNA fragments move through the same apparatus.

Accepted Answer

A)  greater than 
B)  the same as 
C)  less than 
A)  greater than 
B)  the same as 
C)  less than

Question 10

The individuality of an organism is determined by the organism's:

Accepted Answer

A)  environment. 
B)  decisions. 
C)  nitrogenous bases. 
D)  DNA nucleotide sequence. 
E)  amino acids. 
A)  environment. 
B)  decisions. 
C)  nitrogenous bases. 
D)  DNA nucleotide sequence. 
E)  amino acids.

Question 11

As currently performed, DNA-profiling technology CANNOT provide information helpful in:

Accepted Answer

A)  deciding immigration cases based on family relationships. 
B)  matching a suspect to biological evidence found at a crime scene. 
C)  ruling out a suspect. 
D)  settling matters of questioned paternity/maternity. 
E)  determining whether an individual carries a genetic defect. 
A)  deciding immigration cases based on family relationships. 
B)  matching a suspect to biological evidence found at a crime scene. 
C)  ruling out a suspect. 
D)  settling matters of questioned paternity/maternity. 
E)  determining whether an individual carries a genetic defect.

Question 12

PCR is a technique that:

Accepted Answer

A)  virtually eliminates operator error from DNA analysis. 
B)  can produce many exact copies of segments of DNA. 
C)  produces information regarding the sequence of nitrogenous bases. 
D)  provides a statistical analysis of the nitrogenous-base pairings. 
E)  all of the above 
A)  virtually eliminates operator error from DNA analysis. 
B)  can produce many exact copies of segments of DNA. 
C)  produces information regarding the sequence of nitrogenous bases. 
D)  provides a statistical analysis of the nitrogenous-base pairings. 
E)  all of the above

Question 13

Using the low copy number DNA protocol, analysts are able to examine samples containing as few as ________ cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  800 
B)  18 
C)  180 
D)  2000 
E)  36 
A)  800 
B)  18 
C)  180 
D)  2000 
E)  36

Question 14

Luminol can be used at crime scenes to:

Accepted Answer

A)  detect traces of blood without compromising potential DNA typing. 
B)  light up the crime scene with high degree of illumination. 
C)  make hair evidence fluoresce. 
D)  prove the presence of illicit drugs. 
E)  locate latent prints that otherwise would be overlooked. 
A)  detect traces of blood without compromising potential DNA typing. 
B)  light up the crime scene with high degree of illumination. 
C)  make hair evidence fluoresce. 
D)  prove the presence of illicit drugs. 
E)  locate latent prints that otherwise would be overlooked.

Question 15

Y-STR markers are useful when multiple males are involved in a sexual assault. If three men are involved in such an attack the investigators would expect Y-STR analysis to show a maximum of:

Accepted Answer

A)  three peaks. 
B)  two peaks. 
C)  six peaks. 
D)  four peaks. 
E)  eight peaks. 
A)  three peaks. 
B)  two peaks. 
C)  six peaks. 
D)  four peaks. 
E)  eight peaks.

Question 16

Restriction enzymes:

Accepted Answer

A)  reduce the time required for PCR. 
B)  limit the amount of protein produced in a cell. 
C)  cut DNA at specific sites. 
D)  reduce the DNA replication rate. 
E)  inhibit DNA replication. 
A)  reduce the time required for PCR. 
B)  limit the amount of protein produced in a cell. 
C)  cut DNA at specific sites. 
D)  reduce the DNA replication rate. 
E)  inhibit DNA replication.

Question 17

The amount of DNA material required for STR analysis is ________ the amount of DNA required for RFLP analysis.

Accepted Answer

A)  greater than 
B)  the same as 
C)  less than 
A)  greater than 
B)  the same as 
C)  less than

Question 18

The discriminating power of mtDNA is ________ the discriminating power of STR analysis.

Accepted Answer

A)  less than 
B)  greater than 
C)  the same as 
A)  less than 
B)  greater than 
C)  the same as

Question 19

Which of the following is in the correct sequence?

Accepted Answer

A)  addition of radioactive probe → gel electrophoresis → hybridization → Southern blotting → addition of restriction enzymes → visualization of DNA fragments 
B)  addition of radioactive probe → Southern blotting → gel electrophoresis → hybridization → visualization of DNA fragments on x-ray film 
C)  extraction of DNA from cells → hybridization → Southern blotting → gel electrophoresis → visualization of DNA fragments 
D)  extraction of DNA from cells → gel electrophoresis → Southern blotting → hybridization → visualization of DNA fragments on x-ray film 
E)  Southern blotting → gel electrophoresis → addition of restriction enzymes → addition of radioactive probe → visualization of DNA fragments 
A)  addition of radioactive probe → gel electrophoresis → hybridization → Southern blotting → addition of restriction enzymes → visualization of DNA fragments 
B)  addition of radioactive probe → Southern blotting → gel electrophoresis → hybridization → visualization of DNA fragments on x-ray film 
C)  extraction of DNA from cells → hybridization → Southern blotting → gel electrophoresis → visualization of DNA fragments 
D)  extraction of DNA from cells → gel electrophoresis → Southern blotting → hybridization → visualization of DNA fragments on x-ray film 
E)  Southern blotting → gel electrophoresis → addition of restriction enzymes → addition of radioactive probe → visualization of DNA fragments

Question 20

Small amounts of blood are best submitted to a crime laboratory:

Accepted Answer

A)  after drying and rehydrating 
B)  after removal from surface of deposition and rehydration 
C)  immediately while still wet 
D)  after dried 
E)  in a druggists fold 
A)  after drying and rehydrating 
B)  after removal from surface of deposition and rehydration 
C)  immediately while still wet 
D)  after dried 
E)  in a druggists fold

What is an advantage of working with short DNA fragments?

Define and explain the forensics value of CODIS.

The transfer of DNA fragments onto a nylon membrane is called:

Diagram the complementary strand for the following DNA segment ATAGCCGTA.

What laboratory procedure has made possible the development of bacteria that can synthesize insulin?

DNA is a(n):

The separation of STRs using capillary electrophoresis:

Use this DNA RFLP pattern of evidence from a rape investigation to answer the following question(s) . Semen Blood of Recovered Blood from Blood from Blood from Victim from Victim Suspect A Suspect B Suspect C - - - - - - - - - -The evidence suggests which suspect raped the victim?

The rate at which large DNA fragments move through the electrophoretic gel is ________ the rate at which small DNA fragments move through the same apparatus.

The individuality of an organism is determined by the organism's:

As currently performed, DNA-profiling technology CANNOT provide information helpful in:

PCR is a technique that:

Using the low copy number DNA protocol, analysts are able to examine samples containing as few as ________ cells.

Luminol can be used at crime scenes to:

Y-STR markers are useful when multiple males are involved in a sexual assault. If three men are involved in such an attack the investigators would expect Y-STR analysis to show a maximum of:

Restriction enzymes:

The amount of DNA material required for STR analysis is ________ the amount of DNA required for RFLP analysis.

The discriminating power of mtDNA is ________ the discriminating power of STR analysis.

Which of the following is in the correct sequence?

Small amounts of blood are best submitted to a crime laboratory:

Introduction

Securing and Searching the Crime Scene

Recording the Crime Scene

Collection of Crime-Scene Evidence

Physical Evidence

Death Investigation

Crime-Scene Reconstruction

Fingerprints

Bloodstain Pattern Analysis

Drugs

Forensic Toxicology

Trace Evidence I: Hairs and Fibers

Trace Evidence Ii: Paint, Glass, and Soil

Biological Stain Analysis: DNA

Forensic Aspects of Fire and Explosion Investigation

Document Examination

Computer Forensics

Filters

Exam 9: Firearms, Toolmarks, and Other Impressions

What is an advantage of working with short DNA fragments?

Define and explain the forensics value of CODIS.

The transfer of DNA fragments onto a nylon membrane is called:

Diagram the complementary strand for the following DNA segment ATAGCCGTA.

What laboratory procedure has made possible the development of bacteria that can synthesize insulin?

DNA is a(n):

The separation of STRs using capillary electrophoresis:

Use this DNA RFLP pattern of evidence from a rape investigation to answer the following question(s) . Semen Blood of Recovered Blood from Blood from Blood from Victim from Victim Suspect A Suspect B Suspect C - - - - - - - - - -The evidence suggests which suspect raped the victim?

The rate at which large DNA fragments move through the electrophoretic gel is ________ the rate at which small DNA fragments move through the same apparatus.

The individuality of an organism is determined by the organism's:

As currently performed, DNA-profiling technology CANNOT provide information helpful in:

PCR is a technique that:

Using the low copy number DNA protocol, analysts are able to examine samples containing as few as ________ cells.

Luminol can be used at crime scenes to:

Y-STR markers are useful when multiple males are involved in a sexual assault. If three men are involved in such an attack the investigators would expect Y-STR analysis to show a maximum of:

Restriction enzymes:

The amount of DNA material required for STR analysis is ________ the amount of DNA required for RFLP analysis.

The discriminating power of mtDNA is ________ the discriminating power of STR analysis.

Which of the following is in the correct sequence?

Small amounts of blood are best submitted to a crime laboratory:

Introduction

Securing and Searching the Crime Scene

Recording the Crime Scene

Collection of Crime-Scene Evidence

Physical Evidence

Death Investigation

Crime-Scene Reconstruction

Fingerprints

Bloodstain Pattern Analysis

Drugs

Forensic Toxicology

Trace Evidence I: Hairs and Fibers

Trace Evidence Ii: Paint, Glass, and Soil

Biological Stain Analysis: DNA

Forensic Aspects of Fire and Explosion Investigation

Document Examination

Computer Forensics

Filters