Question 1

Getting paid monthly is what type of reinforcement schedule?

Accepted Answer

A)  fixed interval 
B)  fixed ratio 
C)  variable interval 
D)  variable ratio 
A)  fixed interval 
B)  fixed ratio 
C)  variable interval 
D)  variable ratio

Question 2

In ________,learning occurs when two types of events are paired closely in time.

Accepted Answer

A)  classical conditioning 
B)  operant conditioning 
C)  observational learning 
D)  social learning 
A)  classical conditioning 
B)  operant conditioning 
C)  observational learning 
D)  social learning

Question 3

According to the work of Shepard Siegel,an addict's usual large dose is most likely to produce an overdose in which setting?

Accepted Answer

A)  in a novel setting 
B)  in a familiar setting 
C)  in an isolated setting 
D)  The setting is not important. 
A)  in a novel setting 
B)  in a familiar setting 
C)  in an isolated setting 
D)  The setting is not important.

Question 4

Learning that takes place in the absence of reinforcement is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  economic learning. 
B)  nonoperant conditioning. 
C)  cognitive acquisition. 
D)  latent learning. 
A)  economic learning. 
B)  nonoperant conditioning. 
C)  cognitive acquisition. 
D)  latent learning.

Question 5

What term is used to describe a decrease in a behavioral response after repeated exposure to nonthreatening stimuli?

Accepted Answer

A)  habituation 
B)  sensitization 
C)  orienting 
D)  aplysia 
A)  habituation 
B)  sensitization 
C)  orienting 
D)  aplysia

Question 6

In ________,learning occurs because of the consequences that follow the behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  classical conditioning 
B)  operant conditioning 
C)  observational learning 
D)  imitation 
A)  classical conditioning 
B)  operant conditioning 
C)  observational learning 
D)  imitation

Question 7

Tolman's research with rats running mazes demonstrated that reinforcement affects:

Accepted Answer

A)  learning more than performance. 
B)  performance more than learning. 
C)  learning and performance equally. 
D)  neither learning nor performance. 
A)  learning more than performance. 
B)  performance more than learning. 
C)  learning and performance equally. 
D)  neither learning nor performance.

Question 8

According to Siegel's research,drug tolerance is greatest when the drug is taken in the same location as a prior use because:

Accepted Answer

A)  contextual cues make the drug's effects begin before the drug is even taken. 
B)  the body alters neurochemistry or physiology to metabolize the drug before the drug is even taken. 
C)  the reward system preactivates the dopamine response. 
D)  drug addicts are fearful of new contexts. 
A)  contextual cues make the drug's effects begin before the drug is even taken. 
B)  the body alters neurochemistry or physiology to metabolize the drug before the drug is even taken. 
C)  the reward system preactivates the dopamine response. 
D)  drug addicts are fearful of new contexts.

Question 9

The Rescorla-Wagner cognitive model of conditioning does NOT explain why:

Accepted Answer

A)  a conditioned stimulus that occurs before the unconditioned stimulus is optimal for learning. 
B)  a delay between the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus is optimal for learning. 
C)  evolutionarily significant conditioned stimuli are easier to condition. 
D)  the conditioned stimulus needs to be a good predictor of the unconditioned stimulus. 
A)  a conditioned stimulus that occurs before the unconditioned stimulus is optimal for learning. 
B)  a delay between the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus is optimal for learning. 
C)  evolutionarily significant conditioned stimuli are easier to condition. 
D)  the conditioned stimulus needs to be a good predictor of the unconditioned stimulus.

Question 10

The statement "Once you classically condition an animal it is impossible to completely terminate the association" is:

Accepted Answer

A)  false. 
B)  true. 
C)  false only in humans. 
D)  true only in humans. 
A)  false. 
B)  true. 
C)  false only in humans. 
D)  true only in humans.

Question 11

What is the process whereby the conditioned response is weakened when it is no longer presented with the unconditioned stimulus?

Accepted Answer

A)  extinction 
B)  reward 
C)  second-order conditioning 
D)  acquisition 
A)  extinction 
B)  reward 
C)  second-order conditioning 
D)  acquisition

Question 12

Which of the following statements accurately describes the difference between associative and nonassociative learning?

Accepted Answer

A)  Associative learning requires a conscious linking of two events together,whereas nonassociative learning does not. 
B)  Associative learning requires both cognition and behavior,whereas nonassociative learning requires only behavior. 
C)  Associative learning occurs with multiple stimuli,whereas nonassociative learning occurs with only one stimulus. 
D)  Associative learning can generalize to other contexts,whereas nonassociative learning cannot. 
A)  Associative learning requires a conscious linking of two events together,whereas nonassociative learning does not. 
B)  Associative learning requires both cognition and behavior,whereas nonassociative learning requires only behavior. 
C)  Associative learning occurs with multiple stimuli,whereas nonassociative learning occurs with only one stimulus. 
D)  Associative learning can generalize to other contexts,whereas nonassociative learning cannot.

Question 13

________ won a Nobel Prize for his work on the digestive system,work that made a fundamental contribution to the study of conditioned responses.

Accepted Answer

A)  John Watson 
B)  Ivan Pavlov 
C) B.F.Skinner 
D)  Daniel Kahneman 
A)  John Watson 
B)  Ivan Pavlov 
C) B.F.Skinner 
D)  Daniel Kahneman

Question 14

One of the earliest and strongest proponents of learning theory was:

Accepted Answer

A)  John Watson. 
B)  Sigmund Freud. 
C)  Joseph Wolpe. 
D)  John Garcia. 
A)  John Watson. 
B)  Sigmund Freud. 
C)  Joseph Wolpe. 
D)  John Garcia.

Question 15

To which food would you be more likely to show conditioned taste aversion?

Accepted Answer

A)  a highly familiar food,because it was unusual for this food to make you ill 
B)  a highly familiar food,because you have learned that this food is safe 
C)  a novel food,because its characteristics are new to you and easily become paired with your becoming ill 
D)  a novel food,because its characteristics are new to you and easily become paired with the food's safety 
A)  a highly familiar food,because it was unusual for this food to make you ill 
B)  a highly familiar food,because you have learned that this food is safe 
C)  a novel food,because its characteristics are new to you and easily become paired with your becoming ill 
D)  a novel food,because its characteristics are new to you and easily become paired with the food's safety

Question 16

When using shaping,it is important to reinforce:

Accepted Answer

A)  the first behavior the animal performs. 
B)  the last behavior the animal performs. 
C)  both the first and last behavior the animal performs. 
D)  successive approximations of the desired behavior. 
A)  the first behavior the animal performs. 
B)  the last behavior the animal performs. 
C)  both the first and last behavior the animal performs. 
D)  successive approximations of the desired behavior.

Question 17

The Premack principle explains why:

Accepted Answer

A)  shaping desirable behaviors leads to accurate conditioning. 
B)  a favored activity can be used to reinforce a less favored activity. 
C)  reward is preferred to punishment for effective learning. 
D)  the law of effect works. 
A)  shaping desirable behaviors leads to accurate conditioning. 
B)  a favored activity can be used to reinforce a less favored activity. 
C)  reward is preferred to punishment for effective learning. 
D)  the law of effect works.

Question 18

Which of the following behavioral terms is used to describe something that will increase the likelihood of a behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  positive 
B)  negative 
C)  reinforcement 
D)  punishment 
A)  positive 
B)  negative 
C)  reinforcement 
D)  punishment

Question 19

According to your textbook,which of the following is a good metaphor for learning in young children?

Accepted Answer

A)  Young children are like sponges; they absorb everything that goes on around them. 
B)  Young children are like Pavlov's dogs; they are motivated by food and easy to train. 
C)  Young children are like dopamine neurons; they are very sensitive to predictions and expectations. 
D)  Young children are like a blank chalkboard; they can easily record and erase new information. 
A)  Young children are like sponges; they absorb everything that goes on around them. 
B)  Young children are like Pavlov's dogs; they are motivated by food and easy to train. 
C)  Young children are like dopamine neurons; they are very sensitive to predictions and expectations. 
D)  Young children are like a blank chalkboard; they can easily record and erase new information.

Question 20

In order for Pavlovian learning to occur,with what must the conditioned stimulus have been paired?

Accepted Answer

A)  an unconditioned response 
B)  a conditioned response 
C)  an unconditioned stimulus 
D)  a consequence 
A)  an unconditioned response 
B)  a conditioned response 
C)  an unconditioned stimulus 
D)  a consequence

Getting paid monthly is what type of reinforcement schedule?

In ________,learning occurs when two types of events are paired closely in time.

According to the work of Shepard Siegel,an addict's usual large dose is most likely to produce an overdose in which setting?

Learning that takes place in the absence of reinforcement is known as:

What term is used to describe a decrease in a behavioral response after repeated exposure to nonthreatening stimuli?

In ________,learning occurs because of the consequences that follow the behavior.

Tolman's research with rats running mazes demonstrated that reinforcement affects:

According to Siegel's research,drug tolerance is greatest when the drug is taken in the same location as a prior use because:

The Rescorla-Wagner cognitive model of conditioning does NOT explain why:

The statement "Once you classically condition an animal it is impossible to completely terminate the association" is:

What is the process whereby the conditioned response is weakened when it is no longer presented with the unconditioned stimulus?

Which of the following statements accurately describes the difference between associative and nonassociative learning?

________ won a Nobel Prize for his work on the digestive system,work that made a fundamental contribution to the study of conditioned responses.

One of the earliest and strongest proponents of learning theory was:

To which food would you be more likely to show conditioned taste aversion?

When using shaping,it is important to reinforce:

The Premack principle explains why:

Which of the following behavioral terms is used to describe something that will increase the likelihood of a behavior?

According to your textbook,which of the following is a good metaphor for learning in young children?

In order for Pavlovian learning to occur,with what must the conditioned stimulus have been paired?

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Exam 6: Learning

Getting paid monthly is what type of reinforcement schedule?

In ________,learning occurs when two types of events are paired closely in time.

According to the work of Shepard Siegel,an addict's usual large dose is most likely to produce an overdose in which setting?

Learning that takes place in the absence of reinforcement is known as:

What term is used to describe a decrease in a behavioral response after repeated exposure to nonthreatening stimuli?

In ________,learning occurs because of the consequences that follow the behavior.

Tolman's research with rats running mazes demonstrated that reinforcement affects:

According to Siegel's research,drug tolerance is greatest when the drug is taken in the same location as a prior use because:

The Rescorla-Wagner cognitive model of conditioning does NOT explain why:

The statement "Once you classically condition an animal it is impossible to completely terminate the association" is:

What is the process whereby the conditioned response is weakened when it is no longer presented with the unconditioned stimulus?

Which of the following statements accurately describes the difference between associative and nonassociative learning?

________ won a Nobel Prize for his work on the digestive system,work that made a fundamental contribution to the study of conditioned responses.

One of the earliest and strongest proponents of learning theory was:

To which food would you be more likely to show conditioned taste aversion?

When using shaping,it is important to reinforce:

The Premack principle explains why:

Which of the following behavioral terms is used to describe something that will increase the likelihood of a behavior?

According to your textbook,which of the following is a good metaphor for learning in young children?

In order for Pavlovian learning to occur,with what must the conditioned stimulus have been paired?

The Science of Psychology

Research Methodology

Biology and Behavior

Consciousness

Sensation and Perception

Memory

Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Human Development

Emotion and Motivation

Health and Well-Being

Social Psychology

Personality

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters