Question 1

Give specific examples of how studying individuals with amnesia, like Clive Wearing and Jimmie G., can further our understanding of learning and memory.

Accepted Answer

A loss of learning and memory is called amnesia. Studying individuals who have lost specific components of memory while retaining others helps us to understand more about how memory works and how different areas of the brain are involved with specific abilities. Clive Wearing suffers from anterograde amnesia, the inability to form new memories, as well as some retrograde amnesia, a loss of memory for material before his condition. Both types of amnesia have different effects on his life. Jimmie G. had symptoms typical of Korsakov's syndrome. His amnesia dates back to 1945 so his life since that time is lost to him. These case of amnesia are from different causes: Wearing's memory loss was due to a viral infection and Jimmie G. developed Korsakov's syndrome because he was a chronic alcoholic. By studying these individuals we can see how memory plays a role in learning and everyday tasks.

Question 2

Response learning is very similar to what William James described as a practiced, rigid movement to a stimulus called a(n) _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  reflex 
B)  automatic reaction 
C)  habit 
D)  classical response 
A)  reflex 
B)  automatic reaction 
C)  habit 
D)  classical response C

Question 3

Behavioral memory includes all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  habituation. 
B)  sensitization. 
C)  perceptual learning. 
D)  semantic memory. 
A)  habituation. 
B)  sensitization. 
C)  perceptual learning. 
D)  semantic memory. D

Question 4

Mark Packard and James McGaugh's 1996 research on learning and memory is a good example of the ____________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

A)  classical 
B)  cognitive 
C)  behaviorist 
D)  neurobiological 
A)  classical 
B)  cognitive 
C)  behaviorist 
D)  neurobiological

Question 5

Clive Wearing suffered serious memory loss from permanent brain damage after a viral infection. The memory loss resulting from his ailment is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Korsakov's syndrome 
B)  amnesia 
C)  encephalitis 
D)  viral memory loss 
A)  Korsakov's syndrome 
B)  amnesia 
C)  encephalitis 
D)  viral memory loss

Question 6

Compare and contrast correlational and experimental approaches to the study of learning and memory.

Accepted Answer

Both correlational and experimental stud

Question 7

In a study of the effects of marijuana on a learning task, participants are asked to smoke a "cigarette" before learning how to complete a task. Some participants smoke regular cigarettes while others smoke cigarettes injected with THC (the psychoactive ingredient in marijuana). The errors the participants made while doing the learning task is called the __________ variable.

Accepted Answer

A)  dependent 
B)  independent 
C)  control 
D)  experimental 
A)  dependent 
B)  independent 
C)  control 
D)  experimental

Question 8

The finding that hippocampal inactivation selectively eliminated place memory, whereas striatum inactivation selectively eliminates response memory in rats, is an example of ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  double dissociation 
B)  selective dissociation 
C)  selective memory 
D)  dissociative memory 
A)  double dissociation 
B)  selective dissociation 
C)  selective memory 
D)  dissociative memory

Question 9

When a rat is placed in a T-maze and learns to turn left to get the food, behaviorists would call this learning strategy an example of ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  place learning 
B)  response learning 
C)  probed learning 
D)  strategic learning 
A)  place learning 
B)  response learning 
C)  probed learning 
D)  strategic learning

Question 10

Learning how to drive a car is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  perceptual learning. 
B)  emotional learning. 
C)  sensitization. 
D)  procedural learning. 
A)  perceptual learning. 
B)  emotional learning. 
C)  sensitization. 
D)  procedural learning.

Question 11

Sherry is driving down the highway when she hears the familiar sound of a fire truck behind her. She immediately feels her heart race as she pulls off the road. According to Maine de Biran, Sherry has just experienced a __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  mechanical memory 
B)  sensitive memory 
C)  representative memory 
D)  flexible memory 
A)  mechanical memory 
B)  sensitive memory 
C)  representative memory 
D)  flexible memory

Question 12

Which learning approach best describes why students participate in research projects because they get bonus points?

Accepted Answer

A)  classical conditioning 
B)  collective conditioning 
C)  instrumental conditioning 
D)  response conditioning 
A)  classical conditioning 
B)  collective conditioning 
C)  instrumental conditioning 
D)  response conditioning

Question 13

According to a study by Bechera et. al. (1995), the subject with selective hippocampal damage did not __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  remember the task events or show conductance to the boat horn 
B)  remember the task events 
C)  show conductance to the boat horn 
D)  react to the boat horn or show conductance to the different colors 
A)  remember the task events or show conductance to the boat horn 
B)  remember the task events 
C)  show conductance to the boat horn 
D)  react to the boat horn or show conductance to the different colors

Question 14

Which if the following is NOT a major theme of this textbook?

Accepted Answer

A)  Observations from many approaches have helped to explain learning and memory. 
B)  Neurobiological evidence has made a strong contribution to learning and memory. 
C)  The memory taxonomies apply to both animals and humans. 
D)  Research in the area of learning and memory can be correlational or experimental. 
A)  Observations from many approaches have helped to explain learning and memory. 
B)  Neurobiological evidence has made a strong contribution to learning and memory. 
C)  The memory taxonomies apply to both animals and humans. 
D)  Research in the area of learning and memory can be correlational or experimental.

Question 15

In a study of the effects of marijuana on a learning task, participants are asked to smoke a "cigarette" before learning how to complete a task. Some participants smoke regular cigarettes while others smoke cigarettes injected with THC (the psychoactive ingredient in marijuana). The type of cigarette smoked is called the ________ variable.

Accepted Answer

A)  dependent 
B)  independent 
C)  control 
D)  experimental 
A)  dependent 
B)  independent 
C)  control 
D)  experimental

Question 16

Aristotle compared a memory to a replication of a perceived object that we record independently of its original context.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The ability to alter our skills and add to our knowledge is called _______, while the expression of this ability is called _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  learning; memory 
B)  genotype; phenotype 
C)  nature; nurture 
D)  genetic programming; expressive programming 
A)  learning; memory 
B)  genotype; phenotype 
C)  nature; nurture 
D)  genetic programming; expressive programming

Question 18

Which of the following problems is NOT related to Korsakov's syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  chronic alcoholism 
B)  prefrontal cortex damage 
C)  selective memory loss 
D)  high intake of vitamins 
A)  chronic alcoholism 
B)  prefrontal cortex damage 
C)  selective memory loss 
D)  high intake of vitamins

Question 19

After conducting a correlational study between the effects of alcohol on memory, Jamie finds that memory impairments increase with the number of alcoholic drinks consumed. What can he conclude from his study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Memory impairments are directly caused by drinking alcohol. 
B)  Alcohol causes memory impairments after drinking a certain amount. 
C)  Memory impairments are associated with increased alcohol consumption. 
D)  Drinking alcohol causes memory loss. 
A)  Memory impairments are directly caused by drinking alcohol. 
B)  Alcohol causes memory impairments after drinking a certain amount. 
C)  Memory impairments are associated with increased alcohol consumption. 
D)  Drinking alcohol causes memory loss.

Question 20

According to Maine de Biran, a sensitive memory forms after we practice our response to a specific stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Give specific examples of how studying individuals with amnesia, like Clive Wearing and Jimmie G., can further our understanding of learning and memory.

Response learning is very similar to what William James described as a practiced, rigid movement to a stimulus called a(n) _________.

Behavioral memory includes all of the following EXCEPT:

Mark Packard and James McGaugh's 1996 research on learning and memory is a good example of the ____________ perspective.

Clive Wearing suffered serious memory loss from permanent brain damage after a viral infection. The memory loss resulting from his ailment is called ________.

Compare and contrast correlational and experimental approaches to the study of learning and memory.

The finding that hippocampal inactivation selectively eliminated place memory, whereas striatum inactivation selectively eliminates response memory in rats, is an example of ___________.

When a rat is placed in a T-maze and learns to turn left to get the food, behaviorists would call this learning strategy an example of ___________.

Learning how to drive a car is an example of:

Sherry is driving down the highway when she hears the familiar sound of a fire truck behind her. She immediately feels her heart race as she pulls off the road. According to Maine de Biran, Sherry has just experienced a __________.

Which learning approach best describes why students participate in research projects because they get bonus points?

According to a study by Bechera et. al. (1995), the subject with selective hippocampal damage did not __________.

Which if the following is NOT a major theme of this textbook?

Aristotle compared a memory to a replication of a perceived object that we record independently of its original context.

The ability to alter our skills and add to our knowledge is called _, while the expression of this ability is called ___.

Which of the following problems is NOT related to Korsakov's syndrome?

After conducting a correlational study between the effects of alcohol on memory, Jamie finds that memory impairments increase with the number of alcoholic drinks consumed. What can he conclude from his study?

According to Maine de Biran, a sensitive memory forms after we practice our response to a specific stimulus.

The Neural Bases of Learning and Memory

Simple Forms of Learning and Memory

Perceptual Learning and Memory

Procedural Learning I: Classical Conditioning

Procedural Learning II: Habits and Instrumental Learning

Emotional Learning and Memory

Cognitive Memory

Episodic Memory

Semantic Memory

Memory Consolidation

Short-Term Memory and Working Memory

Filters

Exam 1: The Nature of Learning and Memory

Give specific examples of how studying individuals with amnesia, like Clive Wearing and Jimmie G., can further our understanding of learning and memory.

Response learning is very similar to what William James described as a practiced, rigid movement to a stimulus called a(n) _________.

Behavioral memory includes all of the following EXCEPT:

Mark Packard and James McGaugh's 1996 research on learning and memory is a good example of the ____________ perspective.

Clive Wearing suffered serious memory loss from permanent brain damage after a viral infection. The memory loss resulting from his ailment is called ________.

Compare and contrast correlational and experimental approaches to the study of learning and memory.

The finding that hippocampal inactivation selectively eliminated place memory, whereas striatum inactivation selectively eliminates response memory in rats, is an example of ___________.

When a rat is placed in a T-maze and learns to turn left to get the food, behaviorists would call this learning strategy an example of ___________.

Learning how to drive a car is an example of:

Sherry is driving down the highway when she hears the familiar sound of a fire truck behind her. She immediately feels her heart race as she pulls off the road. According to Maine de Biran, Sherry has just experienced a __________.

Which learning approach best describes why students participate in research projects because they get bonus points?

According to a study by Bechera et. al. (1995), the subject with selective hippocampal damage did not __________.

Which if the following is NOT a major theme of this textbook?

Aristotle compared a memory to a replication of a perceived object that we record independently of its original context.

The ability to alter our skills and add to our knowledge is called _______, while the expression of this ability is called _________.

Which of the following problems is NOT related to Korsakov's syndrome?

After conducting a correlational study between the effects of alcohol on memory, Jamie finds that memory impairments increase with the number of alcoholic drinks consumed. What can he conclude from his study?

According to Maine de Biran, a sensitive memory forms after we practice our response to a specific stimulus.

The Neural Bases of Learning and Memory

Simple Forms of Learning and Memory

Perceptual Learning and Memory

Procedural Learning I: Classical Conditioning

Procedural Learning II: Habits and Instrumental Learning

Emotional Learning and Memory

Cognitive Memory

Episodic Memory

Semantic Memory

Memory Consolidation

Short-Term Memory and Working Memory

Filters

The ability to alter our skills and add to our knowledge is called _, while the expression of this ability is called ___.