Exam 21: Public-Key Cryptography and Message Authentication

Unlike RSA,DSS cannot be used for encryption or key exchange.

RSA is a block cipher in which the plaintext and ciphertext are integers between 0 and n - 1 for some n.

A ________ attack involves trying all possible private keys.

SHA-3 algorithms must be designed to resist any potentially successful attack on SHA-2 functions.

The operations performed during a round consist of circular shifts,and primitive Boolean functions based on DSS,MD5,SHA,and RSA.

The evaluation criteria for the new hash function are: security,_______,and algorithm and implementation characteristics.

Cryptographic hash functions generally execute faster in software than conventional encryption algorithms such as DES.

__________ are alarming for two reasons: they come from a completely unexpected direction and they are a ciphertext-only attack.

The _________ scheme has reigned supreme as the most widely accepted and implemented approach to public-key encryption.

NIST has published FIPS PUB 186,which is known as the ___________.

Although the _________ attack is a serious threat,there are simple countermeasures that can be used such as constant time calcs,random delays or blinding computations.

The one-way hash function is important not only in message authentication but also in digital signatures.

The DSS makes use of the _________ and presents a new digital signature technique,the Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA).

The principal attraction of __________ compared to RSA is that it appears to offer equal security for a far smaller bit size,thereby reducing processing overhead.

Four possible approaches to attacking the RSA algorithm are: brute force,timing attacks,_________ attacks,and chosen ciphertext attacks.

Versions of SHA,with hash value lengths of 256,384,and 512 bits,(SHA-256,SHA-384,and SHA 512)are collectively known as _________.

One of the simplest hash functions is the ________ of every block.

Issued as RFC 2104,__________ has been chosen as the mandatory-to-implement MAC for IP Security.

Perhaps the most widely used public-key algorithms are _________ and Diffie-Hellman.

SHA is perhaps the most widely used family of hash functions.