Exam 2: Heredity and Environment

We share about 98% of our genes with chimpanzees.

The type of cell division that occurs in autosomes is called:

In general, the impact of nonnormative influences are greatest at which of the following periods of the lifespan:

Andre explains that early malnutrition - an environmental condition - actually may change the way that genes express themselves. In other words, starvation turns some genes "off" and others "on," thereby influencing genetic processes. The central argument that Andre is making emphasizes the basic idea of:

The chromosomes of a cell, excluding those that determine sex, are called:

George's younger brother is diagnosed at birth with "trisomy-21." Another term for this condition is:

Suppose that a human female is accidentally exposed to a poison at one of four different points in development. If the effect of the poison is that it interferes with meiosis, at which point in the lifespan would we expect it to have the most disruptive effect?

Gage argues that hereditary and environmental forces can never be understood separately, since they are continually influencing each other. This statement is best considered to reflect the concept of:

The term used to describe alternate versions of the same gene is:

Which of the following conditions is a sex-linked abnormality that can occur in both males and females?

Which of the following results is consistent with a trait that has a high heritability?

Assume that eye color is a single gene trait and that brown eyes is a dominant allele and blue eyes is a recessive allele. If Harry's mother and father both have brown eyes and are both heterozygous on this trait, what is the probably that he will have brown eyes, too?

The cell division process that results in the formation of gametes is called:

Suppose that a disease is inherited. Your mother has the disease, your father does not, and you have a very minor case of the disease which lies somewhere in between your mother's and father's situation. In this case, we would know that the alleles that determine this trait:

Most cells in the human body divide according to the process of mitosis; however the gametes divide in a process called meiosis.

Color blindness is a sex-linked trait. As such, if a child is color blind, we can be assured that the child's genotype includes:

Sex-linked traits occur when the autosomes do not replicate correctly.

Habituation is the learning process that is usually associated with the learning of emotional responses, including phobias.

Gene imprinting results in the situation in which an extra chromosome or piece of chromosome is included in a person's genotype.

About what percent of the DNA molecule is made up of protein-coding genes: