Exam 12: Origin and Evolution of the Genus Homo Tc L1

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Homo habilis and Homo erectus are two early species of the genus Homo, and they exhibit several cultural and geographic differences.

Culturally, Homo habilis is known for its use of stone tools, which were simple and crude compared to later hominins. They were also likely the first hominin species to use tools for scavenging and processing meat. In contrast, Homo erectus is known for more advanced stone tools, including the Acheulean handaxe, which required more skill and planning to create. Homo erectus also had a more sophisticated use of fire, as evidenced by the presence of hearths at their archaeological sites.

Geographically, Homo habilis is believed to have originated in East Africa, with fossil evidence found in Tanzania and Ethiopia. They were adapted to a more woodland environment, with a diet that likely included fruits, nuts, and some meat. Homo erectus, on the other hand, had a wider geographic range, with fossil evidence found in Africa, Asia, and Europe. They were adapted to a more open savanna environment, and their diet likely included a greater emphasis on hunting and scavenging meat.

Overall, Homo habilis and Homo erectus represent important milestones in human evolution, with Homo habilis showing the early development of tool use and Homo erectus exhibiting more advanced cultural and geographic adaptations.