Question 1

For accurate medication administration to young patients,the nurse must take into account which information?

Accepted Answer

A) Weight, height, age, and organ maturity 
B) Age, glomerular filtration rate, and weight 
C) Weight, height, body temperature, and age 
D) Weight, height, and total body water content 
A) Weight, height, age, and organ maturity 
B) Age, glomerular filtration rate, and weight 
C) Weight, height, body temperature, and age 
D) Weight, height, and total body water content A

Question 2

While assessing an 82-year-old woman,the nurse determines that the patient is experiencing polypharmacy.What is this experience most likely to indicate?

Accepted Answer

A) The patient has a lower risk of drug interactions. 
B) The patient takes medications for one illness several times a day. 
C) The patient risks problems only if she also takes over-the-counter medications. 
D) The patient takes multiple medications for several different illnesses. 
A) The patient has a lower risk of drug interactions. 
B) The patient takes medications for one illness several times a day. 
C) The patient risks problems only if she also takes over-the-counter medications. 
D) The patient takes multiple medications for several different illnesses. D

Question 3

During the last trimester of pregnancy,drug transfer to the fetus is more likely to occur.Which is a reason for this possibility?

Accepted Answer

A) Fetal size 
B) Decreased surface area 
C) Enhanced placental blood flow 
D) Increased amount of bound drug in maternal circulation 
A) Fetal size 
B) Decreased surface area 
C) Enhanced placental blood flow 
D) Increased amount of bound drug in maternal circulation C

Question 4

An 83-year-old female patient has been given a thiazide diuretic to treat mild heart failure.She and her daughter should be taught to watch for which complications?

Accepted Answer

A) Dizziness and constipation 
B) Fatigue and dehydration 
C) Daytime sedation and lethargy 
D) Edema and blurred vision 
A) Dizziness and constipation 
B) Fatigue and dehydration 
C) Daytime sedation and lethargy 
D) Edema and blurred vision

Question 5

For which cultural group must the nurse respect the value placed on natural health products,the use of heat,and a concern for the balance of opposing forces that lead to illness or health?

Accepted Answer

A) Hispanic Canadians 
B) Asian Canadians 
C) Indigenous peoples 
D) Black people of African descent 
A) Hispanic Canadians 
B) Asian Canadians 
C) Indigenous peoples 
D) Black people of African descent

Question 6

The nurse is trying to give a liquid medication to a 2-year-old child and notes that the medication has a strong taste.The best way for the nurse to give this medication to a child is to

Accepted Answer

A) give the medication with spoonfuls of sherbet. 
B) add the medication to the child's bottle. 
C) tell the child you have candy. 
D) add the medication to a cup of milk. 
A) give the medication with spoonfuls of sherbet. 
B) add the medication to the child's bottle. 
C) tell the child you have candy. 
D) add the medication to a cup of milk.

Question 7

Which statement is true in regard to children?

Accepted Answer

A) Their levels of microsomal enzymes are decreased compared to those of adults. 
B) Their total body water content is much less than that of adults. 
C) Their first-pass elimination is increased because of higher portal circulation. 
D) Gastric emptying is more rapid than that of adults because of increased peristaltic activity. 
A) Their levels of microsomal enzymes are decreased compared to those of adults. 
B) Their total body water content is much less than that of adults. 
C) Their first-pass elimination is increased because of higher portal circulation. 
D) Gastric emptying is more rapid than that of adults because of increased peristaltic activity.

Question 8

A nurse is assessing an older adult Indigenous woman who is being treated for hypertension.During the assessment,what important information should the nurse remember or expect in regard to culture?

Accepted Answer

A) The patient should be discouraged from using traditional remedies and rituals. 
B) The nurse should expect the patient to value protective bracelets and herbal teas. 
C) The nurse should remember that the balance between body, mind, and environment is important to this patient's health beliefs. 
D) The assessment should include information about cultural practices and beliefs regarding medication, treatment, and healing. 
A) The patient should be discouraged from using traditional remedies and rituals. 
B) The nurse should expect the patient to value protective bracelets and herbal teas. 
C) The nurse should remember that the balance between body, mind, and environment is important to this patient's health beliefs. 
D) The assessment should include information about cultural practices and beliefs regarding medication, treatment, and healing.

Question 9

Which type of dosage calculation is used most commonly when calculating drug dosages for children?

Accepted Answer

A) Fried's rule 
B) Clark's rule 
C) Young's rule 
D) The mg/kg formula 
A) Fried's rule 
B) Clark's rule 
C) Young's rule 
D) The mg/kg formula

Question 10

Which is the reason drug toxicity is more likely to occur in the neonate?

Accepted Answer

A) The lungs are immature. 
B) The kidneys are smaller. 
C) The liver is not fully developed. 
D) Renal excretion of the drug is faster. 
A) The lungs are immature. 
B) The kidneys are smaller. 
C) The liver is not fully developed. 
D) Renal excretion of the drug is faster.

Question 11

Which is true regarding older adults? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) The levels of microsomal enzymes are decreased. 
B) Fat content is increased because of decreased lean body mass. 
C) Fat content is decreased because of increased lean body mass. 
D) The number of intact nephrons is increased. 
E) The number of intact nephrons is decreased.
F)Gastric pH is less acidic.
G)Gastric pH is more acidic. 
A) The levels of microsomal enzymes are decreased. 
B) Fat content is increased because of decreased lean body mass. 
C) Fat content is decreased because of increased lean body mass. 
D) The number of intact nephrons is increased. 
E) The number of intact nephrons is decreased.
F)Gastric pH is less acidic.
G)Gastric pH is more acidic.

Question 12

An older adult patient will often experience a reduction in the stomach's ability to produce hydrochloric acid.This change will result in which alteration?

Accepted Answer

A) Delayed gastric emptying 
B) Increased gastric acidity 
C) Decreased intestinal absorption of medications 
D) Altered absorption of select drugs 
A) Delayed gastric emptying 
B) Increased gastric acidity 
C) Decreased intestinal absorption of medications 
D) Altered absorption of select drugs

Question 13

Which is true regarding young patients? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) The levels of microsomal enzymes are decreased. 
B) Perfusion to the kidneys may be decreased, which may result in reduced renal function. 
C) First-pass elimination is increased because of higher portal circulation. 
D) First-pass elimination is reduced because of the immaturity of the liver. 
E) Total body water content is much less than in adults.
F)Gastric emptying is slowed because of slow or irregular peristalsis. 
A) The levels of microsomal enzymes are decreased. 
B) Perfusion to the kidneys may be decreased, which may result in reduced renal function. 
C) First-pass elimination is increased because of higher portal circulation. 
D) First-pass elimination is reduced because of the immaturity of the liver. 
E) Total body water content is much less than in adults.
F)Gastric emptying is slowed because of slow or irregular peristalsis.

Question 14

The nurse is aware that confusion,ataxia,and increased risk for falls are older adult patients' common responses to which medication?

Accepted Answer

A) Laxatives 
B) Anticoagulants 
C) Sedatives 
D) Diuretics 
A) Laxatives 
B) Anticoagulants 
C) Sedatives 
D) Diuretics

Question 15

Which complication is common with an older adult patient who is taking digoxin?

Accepted Answer

A) Hallucinations 
B) Edema 
C) Dry mouth 
D) Constipation 
A) Hallucinations 
B) Edema 
C) Dry mouth 
D) Constipation

Question 16

A 22-year-old patient is in the twenty-sixth week of pregnancy and has developed gestational diabetes and pneumonia.She is given medications that pose a possible fetal risk,but the potential benefits may warrant the use of the medications in her situation.Which is the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)pregnancy safety category for this medication?

Accepted Answer

A) Category B 
B) Category C 
C) Category D 
D) Category X 
A) Category B 
B) Category C 
C) Category D 
D) Category X

Question 17

Which ethnocultural group believes in harmony with nature and views ill spirits as causing disease?

Accepted Answer

A) Black people of African descent 
B) South Asian Canadians 
C) Filipino Canadians 
D) Indigenous peoples 
A) Black people of African descent 
B) South Asian Canadians 
C) Filipino Canadians 
D) Indigenous peoples

Exam 4: Patient Focused Considerations

For accurate medication administration to young patients,the nurse must take into account which information?

While assessing an 82-year-old woman,the nurse determines that the patient is experiencing polypharmacy.What is this experience most likely to indicate?

During the last trimester of pregnancy,drug transfer to the fetus is more likely to occur.Which is a reason for this possibility?

An 83-year-old female patient has been given a thiazide diuretic to treat mild heart failure.She and her daughter should be taught to watch for which complications?

For which cultural group must the nurse respect the value placed on natural health products,the use of heat,and a concern for the balance of opposing forces that lead to illness or health?

The nurse is trying to give a liquid medication to a 2-year-old child and notes that the medication has a strong taste.The best way for the nurse to give this medication to a child is to

Which statement is true in regard to children?

A nurse is assessing an older adult Indigenous woman who is being treated for hypertension.During the assessment,what important information should the nurse remember or expect in regard to culture?

Which type of dosage calculation is used most commonly when calculating drug dosages for children?

Which is the reason drug toxicity is more likely to occur in the neonate?

Which is true regarding older adults? (Select all that apply.)

An older adult patient will often experience a reduction in the stomach's ability to produce hydrochloric acid.This change will result in which alteration?

Which is true regarding young patients? (Select all that apply.)

The nurse is aware that confusion,ataxia,and increased risk for falls are older adult patients' common responses to which medication?

Which complication is common with an older adult patient who is taking digoxin?

Which ethnocultural group believes in harmony with nature and views ill spirits as causing disease?

Nursing Practice in Canada and Drug Therapy

Pharmacological Principles

Legal and Ethical Considerations

Gene Therapy and Pharmacogenomics

Medication Errors: Preventing and Responding

Patient Education and Drug Therapy

Over-the-Counter Drugs and Natural Health Products

Vitamins and Minerals

Principles of Drug Administration

Analgesic Drugs

General and Local Anaesthetics

Central Nervous System Depressants and Muscle Relaxants

Central Nervous System Stimulants and Related Drugs

Antiepileptic Drugs

Antiparkinsonian Drugs

Psychotherapeutic Drugs

Substance Misuse

Adrenergic Drugs

Adrenergic-Blocking Drugs

Cholinergic Drugs

Cholinergic-Blocking Drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Antianginal Drugs

Heart Failure Drugs

Antidysrhythmic Drugs

Coagulation Modifier Drugs

Antilipemic Drugs

Diuretic Drugs

Fluids and Electrolytes

Pituitary Drugs

Thyroid and Antithyroid Drugs

Antidiabetic Drugs

Adrenal Drugs

Women’s Health Drugs

Men’s Health Drugs

Antihistamines,Decongestants,Antitussives,and Expectorants

Respiratory Drugs

Acid-Controlling Drugs

Antidiarrheal Drugs and Laxatives

Antiemetic and Anti-nausea Drugs

Nutritional Supplements

Antibiotics, Part 1: Sulfonamides, Penicillins, Cephalosporins, Macrolides, and Tetracyclines

Antibiotics Part 2: Aminoglycosides, Fluoroquinolones, and Other Drugs

Antiviral Drugs

Antitubercular Drugs

Antifungal Drugs

Antimalarial, Antiprotozoal, and Anthelmintic Drugs

Anti-Inflammatory and Antigout Drugs

Immunosuppressant Drugs

Immunizing Drugs and Pandemic Preparedness

Antineoplastic Drugs Part 1: Cancer Overview and Cell Cycle–Specific Drugs

Antineoplastic Drugs Part 2: Cell Cycle–Nonspecific and Miscellaneous Drugs

Biological Response–Modifying Drugs

Anemia Drugs

Dermatological Drugs

Ophthalmic Drugs

Otic Drugs

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