Question 1

Which of the following variables is being predicted in a study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Confounding variable 
B)  Dependent variable 
C)  Independent variable 
D)  Extraneous variable 
A)  Confounding variable 
B)  Dependent variable 
C)  Independent variable 
D)  Extraneous variable

Question 2

Independent variable is to ___________ and dependent variable is to _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Intervention; treatment 
B)  Manipulation; outcome 
C)  Reliability; validity 
D)  Experimental group; control group 
A)  Intervention; treatment 
B)  Manipulation; outcome 
C)  Reliability; validity 
D)  Experimental group; control group

Question 3

Which of the following statements is true of correlational studies?

Accepted Answer

A)  They establish a positive correlation among the variables examined in the study 
B)  They use a correlational coefficient as a statistical index for measuring the relationship among variables 
C)  They rarely have the third-variable problem 
D)  They are typically inexpensive and require little time 
A)  They establish a positive correlation among the variables examined in the study 
B)  They use a correlational coefficient as a statistical index for measuring the relationship among variables 
C)  They rarely have the third-variable problem 
D)  They are typically inexpensive and require little time

Question 4

A sugar pill would be considered a placebo in drug research.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following is true of participants who are part of the placebo control group?

Accepted Answer

A)  They have little or no interaction with the researchers 
B)  They are aware that they are not receiving the real treatment 
C)  They receive the same treatment as the experimental group 
D)  They are unaware that the treatment is an inactive substance 
A)  They have little or no interaction with the researchers 
B)  They are aware that they are not receiving the real treatment 
C)  They receive the same treatment as the experimental group 
D)  They are unaware that the treatment is an inactive substance

Question 6

Which of the following statements about case studies is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Case studies are often conducted using surveys 
B)  Case studies are in-depth histories of the individual's experiences 
C)  Case studies are rich in detailed information that is unique to the individual 
D)  Case studies often lack objectivity and generalizability 
A)  Case studies are often conducted using surveys 
B)  Case studies are in-depth histories of the individual's experiences 
C)  Case studies are rich in detailed information that is unique to the individual 
D)  Case studies often lack objectivity and generalizability

Question 7

What statistical technique is used to summarize the results across several studies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Demand characteristics 
B)  Statistical significance 
C)  Correlational coefficient 
D)  Meta-analysis 
A)  Demand characteristics 
B)  Statistical significance 
C)  Correlational coefficient 
D)  Meta-analysis

Question 8

A researcher found that the more cooperative children were with their parents, the more they cooperated with their teachers. What type of correlation describes the relationship between cooperation with parents and teachers?

Accepted Answer

A)  Unknown 
B)  Negative 
C)  Zero 
D)  Positive 
A)  Unknown 
B)  Negative 
C)  Zero 
D)  Positive

Question 9

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Animal research has played an important role in understanding psychopathology 
B)  Animal studies rarely have ethical issues attached to them 
C)  Generalizing results of animal studies to human subjects is suspect 
D)  Debates over animal research have led to violent clashes between proponents and opponents of animal research 
A)  Animal research has played an important role in understanding psychopathology 
B)  Animal studies rarely have ethical issues attached to them 
C)  Generalizing results of animal studies to human subjects is suspect 
D)  Debates over animal research have led to violent clashes between proponents and opponents of animal research

Question 10

Dr. Williams wants to know if room temperature will influence a student's performance on exams. She randomly determines which classes will receive the experimental condition in which she increases the temperature in the classroom. What is the independent variable (IV)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Room temperature 
B)  Performance on exams 
C)  College students 
D)  Expectation of increased performance 
A)  Room temperature 
B)  Performance on exams 
C)  College students 
D)  Expectation of increased performance

Question 11

Dr. Peters investigated the relationship between academic performance of middle school children and the absence of recess. The study demonstrated that students who were allowed recess had higher performances. What type of correlation existed between recess and performance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Zero correlation 
B)  Positive correlation 
C)  Negative correlation 
D)  Perfect correlation 
A)  Zero correlation 
B)  Positive correlation 
C)  Negative correlation 
D)  Perfect correlation

Question 12

Luther realized that he spent more time in outdoor activities after he decreased the amount of time he spent playing video games. What type of correlation existed between outdoor activities and video games?

Accepted Answer

A)  Zero correlation 
B)  Positive correlation 
C)  Negative correlation 
D)  Perfect correlation 
A)  Zero correlation 
B)  Positive correlation 
C)  Negative correlation 
D)  Perfect correlation

Question 13

Incidence refers to _________________ while prevalence refers to ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Number of new cases of the disorder reported over a specific period of time; number of pre-existing cases of the disorder reported over a specific time period 
B)  Number of new cases of the disorder reported over a specific period of time; the proportion of the population who has the disorder over a specific time period 
C)  The proportion of the population who has the disorder over a specific period of time; number of new cases of the disorder reported over a specific time period 
D)  The proportion of the population who has the disorder over a specific period of time; number of pre-existing cases of the disorder reported over a specific time period 
A)  Number of new cases of the disorder reported over a specific period of time; number of pre-existing cases of the disorder reported over a specific time period 
B)  Number of new cases of the disorder reported over a specific period of time; the proportion of the population who has the disorder over a specific time period 
C)  The proportion of the population who has the disorder over a specific period of time; number of new cases of the disorder reported over a specific time period 
D)  The proportion of the population who has the disorder over a specific period of time; number of pre-existing cases of the disorder reported over a specific time period

Question 14

Why are therapy outcome studies useful?

Accepted Answer

A)  They prepare researchers to become clinical practitioners 
B)  They establish causal relationships among the variables 
C)  They have yielded an equal number of positive outcomes as biological therapy studies 
D)  They allow researchers to help people while obtaining useful information 
A)  They prepare researchers to become clinical practitioners 
B)  They establish causal relationships among the variables 
C)  They have yielded an equal number of positive outcomes as biological therapy studies 
D)  They allow researchers to help people while obtaining useful information

Question 15

Which of the following is not a problem when conducting human laboratory research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ethical issues 
B)  Generalizability 
C)  Random sampling 
D)  Long term effects 
A)  Ethical issues 
B)  Generalizability 
C)  Random sampling 
D)  Long term effects

Question 16

Which of the following terms refers to the steps a researcher takes to obtain and evaluate information in a systematic way?

Accepted Answer

A)  Scientific method 
B)  Scientific scrutiny 
C)  Scientific inquiry 
D)  Scientific acquisition 
A)  Scientific method 
B)  Scientific scrutiny 
C)  Scientific inquiry 
D)  Scientific acquisition

Question 17

Lee participated in a study that involved the treatment of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. The researchers assessed Lee along with the other participants of the study. However, Lee started receiving the treatment several weeks into the study. What type of control group was Lee likely part of?

Accepted Answer

A)  Wait list control group 
B)  Experimental control group 
C)  Randomly selected control group 
D)  Placebo control group 
A)  Wait list control group 
B)  Experimental control group 
C)  Randomly selected control group 
D)  Placebo control group

Question 18

Animal studies are similar to which of the following studies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Longitudinal studies and cross-sectional studies 
B)  Human laboratory studies and therapy outcome studies 
C)  Group comparison studies and ABAB designs 
D)  Case studies and survey designs 
A)  Longitudinal studies and cross-sectional studies 
B)  Human laboratory studies and therapy outcome studies 
C)  Group comparison studies and ABAB designs 
D)  Case studies and survey designs

Question 19

The __________________ is influenced by the manipulation of the independent variable.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The __________________ is influenced by the manipulation...

Question 20

Which term refers to conclusions that are applicable to other individuals or groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  Generalizability 
B)  Rationalization 
C)  Operationalization 
D)  Conceptualization 
A)  Generalizability 
B)  Rationalization 
C)  Operationalization 
D)  Conceptualization

Which of the following variables is being predicted in a study?

Independent variable is to ___ and dependent variable is to _.

Which of the following statements is true of correlational studies?

A sugar pill would be considered a placebo in drug research.

Which of the following is true of participants who are part of the placebo control group?

Which of the following statements about case studies is false?

What statistical technique is used to summarize the results across several studies?

A researcher found that the more cooperative children were with their parents, the more they cooperated with their teachers. What type of correlation describes the relationship between cooperation with parents and teachers?

Which of the following statements is false?

Dr. Williams wants to know if room temperature will influence a student's performance on exams. She randomly determines which classes will receive the experimental condition in which she increases the temperature in the classroom. What is the independent variable (IV)?

Dr. Peters investigated the relationship between academic performance of middle school children and the absence of recess. The study demonstrated that students who were allowed recess had higher performances. What type of correlation existed between recess and performance?

Luther realized that he spent more time in outdoor activities after he decreased the amount of time he spent playing video games. What type of correlation existed between outdoor activities and video games?

Incidence refers to _______ while prevalence refers to _.

Why are therapy outcome studies useful?

Which of the following is not a problem when conducting human laboratory research?

Which of the following terms refers to the steps a researcher takes to obtain and evaluate information in a systematic way?

Lee participated in a study that involved the treatment of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. The researchers assessed Lee along with the other participants of the study. However, Lee started receiving the treatment several weeks into the study. What type of control group was Lee likely part of?

Animal studies are similar to which of the following studies?

The __________________ is influenced by the manipulation of the independent variable.

Which term refers to conclusions that are applicable to other individuals or groups?

Looking at Abnormality

Theories and Treatment of Abnormality

The Research Endeavor

Trauma, Anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive, and Related Disorders

Somatic Symptom and Dissociative Disorders

Mood Disorders and Suicide

Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders

Personality Disorders

Neurodevelopmental and Neurocognitive Disorders

Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorders

Eating Disorders

Sexual Disorders

Substance Use and Gambling Disorders

Health Psychology

Mental Health and the Law

Adjustment Disorders and Life-Cycle Transitions

Mental Health and the Law

Filters

Exam 3: Assessing and Diagnosing Abnormality

Which of the following variables is being predicted in a study?

Independent variable is to ___________ and dependent variable is to _________.

Which of the following statements is true of correlational studies?

A sugar pill would be considered a placebo in drug research.

Which of the following is true of participants who are part of the placebo control group?

Which of the following statements about case studies is false?

What statistical technique is used to summarize the results across several studies?

A researcher found that the more cooperative children were with their parents, the more they cooperated with their teachers. What type of correlation describes the relationship between cooperation with parents and teachers?

Which of the following statements is false?

Dr. Williams wants to know if room temperature will influence a student's performance on exams. She randomly determines which classes will receive the experimental condition in which she increases the temperature in the classroom. What is the independent variable (IV)?

Dr. Peters investigated the relationship between academic performance of middle school children and the absence of recess. The study demonstrated that students who were allowed recess had higher performances. What type of correlation existed between recess and performance?

Luther realized that he spent more time in outdoor activities after he decreased the amount of time he spent playing video games. What type of correlation existed between outdoor activities and video games?

Incidence refers to _________________ while prevalence refers to ___________.

Why are therapy outcome studies useful?

Which of the following is not a problem when conducting human laboratory research?

Which of the following terms refers to the steps a researcher takes to obtain and evaluate information in a systematic way?

Lee participated in a study that involved the treatment of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. The researchers assessed Lee along with the other participants of the study. However, Lee started receiving the treatment several weeks into the study. What type of control group was Lee likely part of?

Animal studies are similar to which of the following studies?

The __________________ is influenced by the manipulation of the independent variable.

Which term refers to conclusions that are applicable to other individuals or groups?

Looking at Abnormality

Theories and Treatment of Abnormality

The Research Endeavor

Trauma, Anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive, and Related Disorders

Somatic Symptom and Dissociative Disorders

Mood Disorders and Suicide

Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders

Personality Disorders

Neurodevelopmental and Neurocognitive Disorders

Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorders

Eating Disorders

Sexual Disorders

Substance Use and Gambling Disorders

Health Psychology

Mental Health and the Law

Adjustment Disorders and Life-Cycle Transitions

Mental Health and the Law

Filters

Independent variable is to ___ and dependent variable is to _.

Incidence refers to _______ while prevalence refers to _.