Exam 23: Large-Scale Structure in the Universe

The figure below shows a diagram separating out the different eras of the universe based on the events that occurred during that era. Each era is labeled by a different letter. Which of the sections of the image represents the primordial era?

How much of the total mass of the universe is made up of hot dark matter?

Which of the following best explain the difference between the heavy-element abundances seen in the first stars and those seen in stars that we observe today?

We currently find ourselves in the stelliferous era in the history of our universe.

Ignoring the effect of redshift, we expect the galaxies that we see at a redshift of z = 3 will be __________ than galaxies today.

Describe two ways in which you could measure the mass of a galaxy cluster.

Structure formation in the universe proceeds hierarchically, meaning that:

The most distant galaxies visible to us at z $\approx$ 10 are best observed with __________ wavelengths of light.

Which probably formed last in the course of the evolution of the universe?

In order from first to last, the specific eras in the universe's history are known as the:

How do astronomers explain the formation of elliptical galaxies?

The "Lambda-CDM" model combines the properties of __________ to explain the formation of structure in the universe.

Which of these statements about black holes in the early universe is NOT true?

We currently live in the universe during the:

If a galaxy is a member of a large cluster of galaxies, like the Coma cluster, the galaxy would have a typical velocity of 1,000 km/s. If the cluster is 10 Mpc in diameter, how long would it take the galaxy to cross from one side of the cluster to another?

Why can't dark matter halos collapse to be the same size as the visible parts of galaxies?

Which of these lists shows the correct chronological order of the events listed, starting with the earliest and ending with the most recent?

In the future, we expect our universe will go through the ___________ era, when most of the normal matter in the universe is locked up in brown dwarfs, white dwarfs, neutron stars, and black holes.

Quantum fluctuations in the early universe:

By measuring the star formation rate in galaxies as a function of their redshift, we have learned that the average star formation rate in galaxies peaked approximately _________ years ago.