Question 1

Describe "blooming and pruning" as it relates to brain formation.

Accepted Answer

Nearly twice as many dendrite and synapse connections are made than will be used (blooming).The connections that are used become strengthened and survive, while the unused ones disappear or are replaced (pruning)."Blooming and pruning" vary considerably by brain region in humans.Both environment and heredity are thought to influence synaptic overproduction and subsequent pruning.

Question 2

Anya is growing up in an orphanage and receives very little emotional, mental, or physical stimulation and nurture.Anya's brain development will likely be:

Accepted Answer

A) the same as peers raised in enriched environments. 
B) greater than peers raised in enriched environments. 
C) depressed compared to peers raised in enriched environments. 
D) greater than her biological parents. 
A) the same as peers raised in enriched environments. 
B) greater than peers raised in enriched environments. 
C) depressed compared to peers raised in enriched environments. 
D) greater than her biological parents. C

Question 3

During the early childhood years, girls are generally _____ than boys.

Accepted Answer

A) much larger 
B) much smaller 
C) slightly larger 
D) slightly smaller 
A) much larger 
B) much smaller 
C) slightly larger 
D) slightly smaller D

Question 4

Name and list one function of each of the four brain lobes.

Accepted Answer

Frontal lobes: voluntary movement, think

Question 5

What happens to the brain's weight and volume as it ages?

Accepted Answer

A) weight increases, volume decreases 
B) volume increases, weight decreases 
C) weight and volume increase 
D) weight and volume decrease 
A) weight increases, volume decreases 
B) volume increases, weight decreases 
C) weight and volume increase 
D) weight and volume decrease

Question 6

Joe is a late-maturing boy.How will his self-image in his 30s compare to the self-images of his early-maturing peers?

Accepted Answer

A) more negative 
B) more positive 
C) about the same 
D) There has not been any research in this area. 
A) more negative 
B) more positive 
C) about the same 
D) There has not been any research in this area.

Question 7

Which brain lobe is responsible for hearing, language processing, and memory?

Accepted Answer

A) frontal 
B) occipital 
C) temporal 
D) parietal 
A) frontal 
B) occipital 
C) temporal 
D) parietal

Question 8

What percentage of infant sleep is spent in REM sleep?

Accepted Answer

A) 50% 
B) 75% 
C) 25% 
D) 10% 
A) 50% 
B) 75% 
C) 25% 
D) 10%

Question 9

Explain the mitochondrial theory of aging.

Accepted Answer

The mitochondrial theory of ag

Question 10

Leonard's blood test shows a major reduction in dopamine.The effect of this may be responsible for:

Accepted Answer

A) decreased visual acuity. 
B) symptoms of Alzheimer disease. 
C) symptoms of Parkinson disease. 
D) increased impulsivity. 
A) decreased visual acuity. 
B) symptoms of Alzheimer disease. 
C) symptoms of Parkinson disease. 
D) increased impulsivity.

Question 11

Which of the following BEST explains why life expectancy is longer now than in the early 1900s?

Accepted Answer

A) People today have fewer children. 
B) People today engage in less risky behavior. 
C) People today suffer from less anxiety and stress. 
D) People today have better health care and nutrition. 
A) People today have fewer children. 
B) People today engage in less risky behavior. 
C) People today suffer from less anxiety and stress. 
D) People today have better health care and nutrition.

Question 12

The amygdala, which is the "seat" of emotions such as anger, matures much earlier than the prefrontal cortex.This may account for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) adolescents' increased information processing speed 
B) adolescents' risky, impulsive behavior 
C) early onset of puberty 
D) adolescents' sharper self-regulatory skills 
A) adolescents' increased information processing speed 
B) adolescents' risky, impulsive behavior 
C) early onset of puberty 
D) adolescents' sharper self-regulatory skills

Question 13

What hormone prepares the body for sleep?

Accepted Answer

A) melatonin 
B) cortisol 
C) testosterone 
D) estrogen 
A) melatonin 
B) cortisol 
C) testosterone 
D) estrogen

Question 14

At 45 years old, Susan is having difficulty trying to conceive a child.She is likely beginning to experience:

Accepted Answer

A) amenorrhea. 
B) menarche. 
C) climacteric. 
D) final menstruation. 
A) amenorrhea. 
B) menarche. 
C) climacteric. 
D) final menstruation.

Question 15

What explanation BEST accounts for why those older than 60 lose weight?

Accepted Answer

A) They exercise more regularly. 
B) They eat smaller meals. 
C) They experience muscle loss. 
D) Their metabolism speeds up. 
A) They exercise more regularly. 
B) They eat smaller meals. 
C) They experience muscle loss. 
D) Their metabolism speeds up.

Question 16

Early maturation in girls is linked to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) problem behaviors such as smoking, drinking, and having an eating disorder 
B) wreckless driving 
C) overdependence on parents 
D) low academic achievement 
A) problem behaviors such as smoking, drinking, and having an eating disorder 
B) wreckless driving 
C) overdependence on parents 
D) low academic achievement

Question 17

The age at which puberty arrives dropped quickly throughout the 20th century.What might account for this change?

Accepted Answer

A) greenhouse effects on climate 
B) improved health and nutrition 
C) less manual labor requirements for adolescents 
D) trace amounts of radiation from electric appliances 
A) greenhouse effects on climate 
B) improved health and nutrition 
C) less manual labor requirements for adolescents 
D) trace amounts of radiation from electric appliances

Question 18

Although physical decline is inevitable in older age:

Accepted Answer

A) there is considerable individual variability in rates of decline in functioning. 
B) height remains the same. 
C) muscle tone remains about the same. 
D) physical appearance does not change significantly. 
A) there is considerable individual variability in rates of decline in functioning. 
B) height remains the same. 
C) muscle tone remains about the same. 
D) physical appearance does not change significantly.

Question 19

Explain the cellular clock theory of aging.

Accepted Answer

The cellular clock theory of a

Question 20

Age-related loss of muscle mass and strength is called:

Accepted Answer

A) amenorrhea. 
B) gonadarche. 
C) osteoporosis. 
D) sarcopenia. 
A) amenorrhea. 
B) gonadarche. 
C) osteoporosis. 
D) sarcopenia.

Describe "blooming and pruning" as it relates to brain formation.

Anya is growing up in an orphanage and receives very little emotional, mental, or physical stimulation and nurture.Anya's brain development will likely be:

During the early childhood years, girls are generally _____ than boys.

Name and list one function of each of the four brain lobes.

What happens to the brain's weight and volume as it ages?

Joe is a late-maturing boy.How will his self-image in his 30s compare to the self-images of his early-maturing peers?

Which brain lobe is responsible for hearing, language processing, and memory?

What percentage of infant sleep is spent in REM sleep?

Explain the mitochondrial theory of aging.

Leonard's blood test shows a major reduction in dopamine.The effect of this may be responsible for:

Which of the following BEST explains why life expectancy is longer now than in the early 1900s?

The amygdala, which is the "seat" of emotions such as anger, matures much earlier than the prefrontal cortex.This may account for which of the following?

What hormone prepares the body for sleep?

At 45 years old, Susan is having difficulty trying to conceive a child.She is likely beginning to experience:

What explanation BEST accounts for why those older than 60 lose weight?

Early maturation in girls is linked to which of the following?

The age at which puberty arrives dropped quickly throughout the 20^th century.What might account for this change?

Although physical decline is inevitable in older age:

Explain the cellular clock theory of aging.

Age-related loss of muscle mass and strength is called:

Introduction

Biological Beginnings

Health

Motor, Sensory, and Perceptual Development

Cognitive Developmental Approaches

Information Processing

Intelligence

Language Development

Emotional Development and Attachment

The Self, Identity, and Personality

Gender and Sexuality

Moral Development, Values, and Religion

Families, Lifestyles, and Parenting

Peers and the Sociocultural World

Schools, Achievement, and Work

Death, Dying, and Grieving

Filters

Exam 3: Physical Development and Biological Aging

Describe "blooming and pruning" as it relates to brain formation.

Anya is growing up in an orphanage and receives very little emotional, mental, or physical stimulation and nurture.Anya's brain development will likely be:

During the early childhood years, girls are generally _____ than boys.

Name and list one function of each of the four brain lobes.

What happens to the brain's weight and volume as it ages?

Joe is a late-maturing boy.How will his self-image in his 30s compare to the self-images of his early-maturing peers?

Which brain lobe is responsible for hearing, language processing, and memory?

What percentage of infant sleep is spent in REM sleep?

Explain the mitochondrial theory of aging.

Leonard's blood test shows a major reduction in dopamine.The effect of this may be responsible for:

Which of the following BEST explains why life expectancy is longer now than in the early 1900s?

The amygdala, which is the "seat" of emotions such as anger, matures much earlier than the prefrontal cortex.This may account for which of the following?

What hormone prepares the body for sleep?

At 45 years old, Susan is having difficulty trying to conceive a child.She is likely beginning to experience:

What explanation BEST accounts for why those older than 60 lose weight?

Early maturation in girls is linked to which of the following?

The age at which puberty arrives dropped quickly throughout the 20th century.What might account for this change?

Although physical decline is inevitable in older age:

Explain the cellular clock theory of aging.

Age-related loss of muscle mass and strength is called:

Introduction

Biological Beginnings

Health

Motor, Sensory, and Perceptual Development

Cognitive Developmental Approaches

Information Processing

Intelligence

Language Development

Emotional Development and Attachment

The Self, Identity, and Personality

Gender and Sexuality

Moral Development, Values, and Religion

Families, Lifestyles, and Parenting

Peers and the Sociocultural World

Schools, Achievement, and Work

Death, Dying, and Grieving

Filters

The age at which puberty arrives dropped quickly throughout the 20^th century.What might account for this change?