Question 1

The nurse is collecting a urine specimen from a client and notes the urine is foamy and amber in color. Based on this data, which diagnosis would the nurse suspect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Kidney stones. 
B)  Urinary tract infection. 
C)  Prostate disease. 
D)  Liver disease. 
A)  Kidney stones. 
B)  Urinary tract infection. 
C)  Prostate disease. 
D)  Liver disease. D

Question 2

The nurse is palpating the left flank area and feels a sharp edge with definite delineated margins. Based on this data, which is the nurse palpating?

Accepted Answer

A)  An enlarged spleen. 
B)  An enlarged kidney. 
C)  The colon. 
D)  A distended bladder. 
A)  An enlarged spleen. 
B)  An enlarged kidney. 
C)  The colon. 
D)  A distended bladder. A

Question 3

The nurse is teaching an adult client who is participating in rehabilitation for bladder retraining. Which amounts of urine would cause the bladder to distend above the symphisis pubis?

Accepted Answer

A)  100 ml. 
B)  200 ml. 
C)  500 ml. 
D)  700 ml. 
A)  100 ml. 
B)  200 ml. 
C)  500 ml. 
D)  700 ml. D

Question 4

An adolescent visits the school nurse to ask why she is getting frequent urinary tract infections. Which questions should the nurse ask the client during this visit?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Have you been eating foods that have high acidity?" 
B)  "Do you drink a lot of milk?" 
C)  "Do you take bubble baths frequently?" 
D)  "What direction do you wipe after a bowel movement?" 
E)  "Do you have a family history of urinary tract infections?" 
A)  "Have you been eating foods that have high acidity?" 
B)  "Do you drink a lot of milk?" 
C)  "Do you take bubble baths frequently?" 
D)  "What direction do you wipe after a bowel movement?" 
E)  "Do you have a family history of urinary tract infections?"

Question 5

The nurse is assessing a client after a motor vehicle accident and notes the presence of ecchymosis in the left flank area. Which interpretation of this data is the most accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Positive Grey Turner sign. 
B)  Costovertebral angle tenderness. 
C)  Possible clotting dysfunction. 
D)  A precursor to hematuria. 
A)  Positive Grey Turner sign. 
B)  Costovertebral angle tenderness. 
C)  Possible clotting dysfunction. 
D)  A precursor to hematuria.

Question 6

The nurse is interviewing an older adult client in the clinic who reports incontinence. Numerous attempts in the recent past have been unsuccessful in helping to control the problem. Which is the priority diagnosis for this client?

Accepted Answer

A)  Skin integrity impairment. 
B)  Self-care deficit. 
C)  Self-esteem, situational-low. 
D)  Infection. 
A)  Skin integrity impairment. 
B)  Self-care deficit. 
C)  Self-esteem, situational-low. 
D)  Infection.

Question 7

Since returning from surgery the client has not voided for 8 hours; therefore, the nurse determines it is necessary to assess the client for bladder distention. Which client position is appropriate for this assessment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Supine with only a small pillow under their head. 
B)  Prone position. 
C)  Sitting in bed at a 45-degree angle. 
D)  Lying in a left lateral position. 
A)  Supine with only a small pillow under their head. 
B)  Prone position. 
C)  Sitting in bed at a 45-degree angle. 
D)  Lying in a left lateral position.

Question 8

A client is admitted with possible renal calculi. The client asks, "Are there are any tests that can be performed to show the doctor if there are any kidney stones?" Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)  "The intravenous pyelogram will allow the healthcare provider to visualize kidney stones." 
B)  "A 24-hour urine specimen will allow the healthcare provider to visualize kidney stones." 
C)  "A routine urinalysis will allow the healthcare provider to visualize kidney stones." 
D)  "A kidney biopsy will allow the healthcare provider to visualize kidney stones." 
A)  "The intravenous pyelogram will allow the healthcare provider to visualize kidney stones." 
B)  "A 24-hour urine specimen will allow the healthcare provider to visualize kidney stones." 
C)  "A routine urinalysis will allow the healthcare provider to visualize kidney stones." 
D)  "A kidney biopsy will allow the healthcare provider to visualize kidney stones."

Question 9

An older adult female comes into the clinic to be seen for urinary incontinence. Which conclusion by the nurse is the most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Is common with aging. 
B)  Often occurs as a secondary problem. 
C)  Indicates decreased renal blood flow. 
D)  Is related to medications. 
A)  Is common with aging. 
B)  Often occurs as a secondary problem. 
C)  Indicates decreased renal blood flow. 
D)  Is related to medications.

Question 10

The nurse is percussing over the client's symphysis pubis area and notes a dull tone. Which conclusion by the nurse is the most appropriate based on the data?

Accepted Answer

A)  He or she is assessing the right kidney. 
B)  A full bladder. 
C)  A bladder tumor. 
D)  Air trapped in the intestines. 
A)  He or she is assessing the right kidney. 
B)  A full bladder. 
C)  A bladder tumor. 
D)  Air trapped in the intestines.

Question 11

The nurse is interviewing a client regarding urinary health. Which response would the nurse include during the collection of subjective data?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Do you have difficulty starting your stream of urine?" 
B)  "After you urinate, does your bladder feel full or empty?" 
C)  "Do you ever have an accident or wet yourself when you sneeze?" 
D)  "Do you have to hurry to the bathroom when you have to urinate?" 
E)  "Your recent urinalysis reveals protein in the urine." 
A)  "Do you have difficulty starting your stream of urine?" 
B)  "After you urinate, does your bladder feel full or empty?" 
C)  "Do you ever have an accident or wet yourself when you sneeze?" 
D)  "Do you have to hurry to the bathroom when you have to urinate?" 
E)  "Your recent urinalysis reveals protein in the urine."

Question 12

The nurse is admitting a client with constant, severe flank pain, spasms, nausea and vomiting, and oliguria. The client states that the pain was initially intermittent and radiated from the low back to the lower quadrants of the abdomen. Which nursing action is the priority for this client?

Accepted Answer

A)  Administer pain medication. 
B)  Notify the healthcare provider immediately. 
C)  Obtain a urine specimen for culture. 
D)  Complete the assessment. 
A)  Administer pain medication. 
B)  Notify the healthcare provider immediately. 
C)  Obtain a urine specimen for culture. 
D)  Complete the assessment.

Question 13

A client's blood pressure suddenly falls from 120/80 mmHg to 90/60 mmHg. Which major role of the kidney is causing this clinical manifestation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increasing hydrostatic pressure. 
B)  Release of renin. 
C)  Increasing glomerular filtration rate. 
D)  Dilation of renal vessels. 
A)  Increasing hydrostatic pressure. 
B)  Release of renin. 
C)  Increasing glomerular filtration rate. 
D)  Dilation of renal vessels.

Question 14

The nurse is interviewing a client who states the presence of urinary incontinence with coughing and sneezing. Which term will the nurse use when documenting this finding in the medical record?

Accepted Answer

A)  Functional. 
B)  Reflex. 
C)  Stress. 
D)  Urge. 
A)  Functional. 
B)  Reflex. 
C)  Stress. 
D)  Urge.

Question 15

The nurse is measuring the urinary output for a client and notes 450 ml of urine. Which conclusion by the nurse is the most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreased from normal. 
B)  Concentrated from what is normal. 
C)  Increased from normal. 
D)  Normal amount. 
A)  Decreased from normal. 
B)  Concentrated from what is normal. 
C)  Increased from normal. 
D)  Normal amount.

Question 16

The nurse is preparing an educational session on kidney health for a church group. Which group would the nurse note to have the highest incidence of end-stage renal disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mexicans. 
B)  Asians. 
C)  African Americans. 
D)  American Indians. 
A)  Mexicans. 
B)  Asians. 
C)  African Americans. 
D)  American Indians.

Question 17

The nurse is preparing an educational session on kidney health for a church group. Which would the nurse include as the leading causes of end-stage renal disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diabetes mellitus. 
B)  Alcoholism. 
C)  Hypertension. 
D)  Cardiovascular disease. 
E)  Obesity. 
A)  Diabetes mellitus. 
B)  Alcoholism. 
C)  Hypertension. 
D)  Cardiovascular disease. 
E)  Obesity.

Question 18

During the assessment of a client's renal system, the nurse is unable to palpate the kidneys. Which conclusion by the nurse is the most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)  An indication of an inflammatory condition of the kidneys. 
B)  A sign of acute or chronic renal disease. 
C)  Normal. 
D)  A sign of polycystic kidney disease. 
A)  An indication of an inflammatory condition of the kidneys. 
B)  A sign of acute or chronic renal disease. 
C)  Normal. 
D)  A sign of polycystic kidney disease.

Question 19

A client experienced blood loss from surgery. What is the impact of this blood loss on the kidney's functioning?

Accepted Answer

A)  Altered filtering ability of the kidneys. 
B)  No impact on kidney function. 
C)  Absorption of calcium and phosphate decreased. 
D)  Stimulation of the kidneys to produce erythropoietin. 
A)  Altered filtering ability of the kidneys. 
B)  No impact on kidney function. 
C)  Absorption of calcium and phosphate decreased. 
D)  Stimulation of the kidneys to produce erythropoietin.

Question 20

The nurse is preparing to catheterize a client who has just voided. Which is the purpose of this catheterization?

Accepted Answer

A)  To obtain a baseline urine output. 
B)  To support the diagnosis of kidney stones. 
C)  To evaluate the ability of the client to empty the bladder. 
D)  To evaluate renal function. 
A)  To obtain a baseline urine output. 
B)  To support the diagnosis of kidney stones. 
C)  To evaluate the ability of the client to empty the bladder. 
D)  To evaluate renal function.

Exam 22: Urinary System

The nurse is collecting a urine specimen from a client and notes the urine is foamy and amber in color. Based on this data, which diagnosis would the nurse suspect?

The nurse is palpating the left flank area and feels a sharp edge with definite delineated margins. Based on this data, which is the nurse palpating?

The nurse is teaching an adult client who is participating in rehabilitation for bladder retraining. Which amounts of urine would cause the bladder to distend above the symphisis pubis?

An adolescent visits the school nurse to ask why she is getting frequent urinary tract infections. Which questions should the nurse ask the client during this visit?

The nurse is assessing a client after a motor vehicle accident and notes the presence of ecchymosis in the left flank area. Which interpretation of this data is the most accurate?

The nurse is interviewing an older adult client in the clinic who reports incontinence. Numerous attempts in the recent past have been unsuccessful in helping to control the problem. Which is the priority diagnosis for this client?

Since returning from surgery the client has not voided for 8 hours; therefore, the nurse determines it is necessary to assess the client for bladder distention. Which client position is appropriate for this assessment?

A client is admitted with possible renal calculi. The client asks, "Are there are any tests that can be performed to show the doctor if there are any kidney stones?" Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?

An older adult female comes into the clinic to be seen for urinary incontinence. Which conclusion by the nurse is the most appropriate?

The nurse is percussing over the client's symphysis pubis area and notes a dull tone. Which conclusion by the nurse is the most appropriate based on the data?

The nurse is interviewing a client regarding urinary health. Which response would the nurse include during the collection of subjective data?

The nurse is admitting a client with constant, severe flank pain, spasms, nausea and vomiting, and oliguria. The client states that the pain was initially intermittent and radiated from the low back to the lower quadrants of the abdomen. Which nursing action is the priority for this client?

A client's blood pressure suddenly falls from 120/80 mmHg to 90/60 mmHg. Which major role of the kidney is causing this clinical manifestation?

The nurse is interviewing a client who states the presence of urinary incontinence with coughing and sneezing. Which term will the nurse use when documenting this finding in the medical record?

The nurse is measuring the urinary output for a client and notes 450 ml of urine. Which conclusion by the nurse is the most appropriate?

The nurse is preparing an educational session on kidney health for a church group. Which group would the nurse note to have the highest incidence of end-stage renal disease?

The nurse is preparing an educational session on kidney health for a church group. Which would the nurse include as the leading causes of end-stage renal disease?

During the assessment of a client's renal system, the nurse is unable to palpate the kidneys. Which conclusion by the nurse is the most appropriate?

A client experienced blood loss from surgery. What is the impact of this blood loss on the kidney's functioning?

The nurse is preparing to catheterize a client who has just voided. Which is the purpose of this catheterization?

Health Assessment

Human Development Across the Lifespan

Wellness and Health Promotion

Cultural Considerations

Psychosocial Assessment

Assessment of Vulnerable Populations

Interviewing and Communication Techniques

The Health History

Techniques and Equipment

General Survey

Pain Assessment

Nutritional Assessment

Skin, Hair, Nails

Head, Neck, and Related Lymphatics

Eye

Ears, Nose, Mouth, and Throat

Respiratory System

Breasts and Axillae

Cardiovascular System

Peripheral Vascular System

Abdomen

Male Reproduction System

Female Reproduction System

Musculoskeletal System

Neurologic System

Pregnant Females

Hospitalized Patient

Complete Health Assessment

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