Question 1

The quantum-mechanical probability cloud for the electron in the hydrogen atom has an average radius

Accepted Answer

A) quite different from the radius predicted by Bohr. 
B) that agrees with the orbital radius of Bohr. 
A) quite different from the radius predicted by Bohr. 
B) that agrees with the orbital radius of Bohr. B

Question 2

What do electrons have that protons always have in equal magnitude?

Accepted Answer

A) mass 
B) charge 
C) energy 
D) all of these 
E) none of these 
A) mass 
B) charge 
C) energy 
D) all of these 
E) none of these B

Question 3

The correspondence principle applies to

Accepted Answer

A) theories of submicroscopic phenomena. 
B) theories of macroscopic phenomena. 
C) all good theories. 
A) theories of submicroscopic phenomena. 
B) theories of macroscopic phenomena. 
C) all good theories. C

Question 4

According to the correspondence principle,a new theory is valid if it

Accepted Answer

A) overlaps and agrees where the old theory works. 
B) accounts for confirmed results from the old theory. 
C) predicts the same correct results as the old theory. 
D) all of these 
E) none of these 
A) overlaps and agrees where the old theory works. 
B) accounts for confirmed results from the old theory. 
C) predicts the same correct results as the old theory. 
D) all of these 
E) none of these

Question 5

We now consider the Bohr model of the atom to be

Accepted Answer

A) an accurate picture of a hydrogen atom. 
B) totally useless - of historical interest only. 
C) defective and oversimplified,but still useful. 
A) an accurate picture of a hydrogen atom. 
B) totally useless - of historical interest only. 
C) defective and oversimplified,but still useful.

Question 6

If atoms were smaller,Planck's constant would be

Accepted Answer

A) larger. 
B) smaller. 
C) no different in physical size. 
A) larger. 
B) smaller. 
C) no different in physical size.

Question 7

Most alpha particles fired at a gold foil pass through undeflected because the

Accepted Answer

A) electric field is zero inside the gold. 
B) gold atoms,unlike most other metal atoms,are relatively far apart. 
C) atoms of gold,like any others,are mostly empty space. 
D) net charge of the gold atoms is zero. 
E) none of these 
A) electric field is zero inside the gold. 
B) gold atoms,unlike most other metal atoms,are relatively far apart. 
C) atoms of gold,like any others,are mostly empty space. 
D) net charge of the gold atoms is zero. 
E) none of these

Question 8

Quantization of electron energy states in an atom is better understood in terms of the electron's

Accepted Answer

A) wave nature. 
B) particle nature. 
C) neither of these 
A) wave nature. 
B) particle nature. 
C) neither of these

Question 9

Orbital electrons do not spiral into the nucleus because of

Accepted Answer

A) electromagnetic forces. 
B) angular momentum conservation. 
C) the large nuclear size compared to the electron's size. 
D) the wave nature of the electron. 
E) none of these 
A) electromagnetic forces. 
B) angular momentum conservation. 
C) the large nuclear size compared to the electron's size. 
D) the wave nature of the electron. 
E) none of these

Question 10

A new theory conforms to the correspondence principle when it

Accepted Answer

A) corresponds to all theories in nature. 
B) updates the essence of the old theory. 
C) ties two or more theories together. 
D) accounts for verified results of the old theory. 
E) none of these 
A) corresponds to all theories in nature. 
B) updates the essence of the old theory. 
C) ties two or more theories together. 
D) accounts for verified results of the old theory. 
E) none of these

Question 11

Compared to the diameter of a zirconium atom (A = 40),the diameter of a mercury atom (A = 80)is approximately

Accepted Answer

A) four times as large. 
B) twice as large. 
C) the same size. 
D) one-half as large. 
E) one-quarter as large. 
A) four times as large. 
B) twice as large. 
C) the same size. 
D) one-half as large. 
E) one-quarter as large.

Question 12

The main reason electrons occupy discrete orbits in an atom is because

Accepted Answer

A) energy levels are quantized. 
B) electric forces act over quantized distances. 
C) electrons are basically discrete particles. 
D) the circumference of each orbit is an integral multiple of electron wavelengths. 
E) none of these 
A) energy levels are quantized. 
B) electric forces act over quantized distances. 
C) electrons are basically discrete particles. 
D) the circumference of each orbit is an integral multiple of electron wavelengths. 
E) none of these

Question 13

Physics pioneers Balmer,Rydberg,and Ritz discovered in atomic spectra

Accepted Answer

A) a randomness that opened the door to the nature of probabilities in atomic reality. 
B) mathematical order. 
C) that all atoms are essentially the same size. 
D) that electrons occupy well-defined shells about the atomic nucleus. 
E) that electrons behave as standing waves. 
A) a randomness that opened the door to the nature of probabilities in atomic reality. 
B) mathematical order. 
C) that all atoms are essentially the same size. 
D) that electrons occupy well-defined shells about the atomic nucleus. 
E) that electrons behave as standing waves.

Question 14

In the Bohr model of hydrogen,discrete radii and energy states result when an electron circles the atom in an integral number of

Accepted Answer

A) wave frequencies. 
B) de Broglie wavelengths. 
C) diffraction patterns. 
D) none of these 
A) wave frequencies. 
B) de Broglie wavelengths. 
C) diffraction patterns. 
D) none of these

Question 15

The electrical force between an inner electron and the nucleus of an atom is larger for atoms of

Accepted Answer

A) low atomic number. 
B) high atomic number. 
C) the same for both 
A) low atomic number. 
B) high atomic number. 
C) the same for both

Question 16

When Rutherford had a stream of alpha particles hit a gold foil,most of the particles

Accepted Answer

A) bounced back. 
B) went almost straight through. 
C) stopped. 
D) spiraled. 
A) bounced back. 
B) went almost straight through. 
C) stopped. 
D) spiraled.

Question 17

Some alpha particles fired through a gold foil bounce backward by

Accepted Answer

A) making direct hits with gold atoms. 
B) electrostatic repulsion when close to gold nuclei. 
C) electrostatic repulsion with the electron clouds of gold atoms. 
D) all of these 
E) none of these 
A) making direct hits with gold atoms. 
B) electrostatic repulsion when close to gold nuclei. 
C) electrostatic repulsion with the electron clouds of gold atoms. 
D) all of these 
E) none of these

Question 18

Heavy atoms are not appreciably larger in size than light atoms because the nuclei of heavy atoms have more

Accepted Answer

A) mass. 
B) electric charge. 
C) nucleons. 
D) all of these 
E) none of these 
A) mass. 
B) electric charge. 
C) nucleons. 
D) all of these 
E) none of these

Question 19

An excited hydrogen atom is capable of emitting radiation of

Accepted Answer

A) a single frequency. 
B) 3 frequencies. 
C) many more than 3 frequencies. 
A) a single frequency. 
B) 3 frequencies. 
C) many more than 3 frequencies.

Question 20

The Schrödinger equation is restricted to

Accepted Answer

A) submicroscopic particles. 
B) submicroscopic and microscopic particles. 
C) macroscopic particles. 
D) none of these 
A) submicroscopic particles. 
B) submicroscopic and microscopic particles. 
C) macroscopic particles. 
D) none of these

Exam 32: The Atom and the Quantum

The quantum-mechanical probability cloud for the electron in the hydrogen atom has an average radius

What do electrons have that protons always have in equal magnitude?

The correspondence principle applies to

According to the correspondence principle,a new theory is valid if it

We now consider the Bohr model of the atom to be

If atoms were smaller,Planck's constant would be

Most alpha particles fired at a gold foil pass through undeflected because the

Quantization of electron energy states in an atom is better understood in terms of the electron's

Orbital electrons do not spiral into the nucleus because of

A new theory conforms to the correspondence principle when it

Compared to the diameter of a zirconium atom (A = 40),the diameter of a mercury atom (A = 80)is approximately

The main reason electrons occupy discrete orbits in an atom is because

Physics pioneers Balmer,Rydberg,and Ritz discovered in atomic spectra

In the Bohr model of hydrogen,discrete radii and energy states result when an electron circles the atom in an integral number of

The electrical force between an inner electron and the nucleus of an atom is larger for atoms of

When Rutherford had a stream of alpha particles hit a gold foil,most of the particles

Some alpha particles fired through a gold foil bounce backward by

Heavy atoms are not appreciably larger in size than light atoms because the nuclei of heavy atoms have more

An excited hydrogen atom is capable of emitting radiation of

The Schrödinger equation is restricted to

About Science

Newtons First Law of Motion: Inertia

Linear Motion

Newtons Second Law of Motion: Force and Acceleration

Newtons Third Law of Motion: Action and Reaction

Momentum

Energy

Rotational Motion

Gravity

Projectile and Satellite Motion

Atomic Nature of Matter

Solids

Liquids

Gases and Plasmas

Temperature,heat,and Expansion

Heat Transfer

Change of Phase

Thermodynamics

Vibrations and Waves

Sound

Musical Sounds

Electrostatics

Electric Current

Magnetism

Electromagnetic Induction

Properties of Light

Color

Reflection and Refraction

Light Waves

Light Emission

Light Quanta

Atomic Nucleus and Radioactivity

Nuclear Fission and Fusion

Special Theory of Relativity

General Theory of Relativity

Filters