Exam 8: Cognitive Views of Learning

During the standardized test,which student demonstrates implicit long-term memory?

You are teaching sixth grade students,and you are preparing a lesson about reading informational text.Personalize the guidelines for helping students understand and remember.Tell what you will do beginning with your plan for gaining their attention.Continue with your plan for maintaining their attention,helping them connect new and previously learning,and focus on meaning.

As a seven-year-old boy,Dean likes to catch butterflies and moths.He is fascinated by the colors and patterns on their wings.He has caught many different butterflies and moths and pinned them to his display board.He looks up each one he catches and records specific information about it.He can explain their life cycles and numerous facts about them.What is his knowledge structure for all of this information?

Rico is learning the steps to use when he accesses the secure sight to check his grades,look at assignments,and receive messages from his teachers.What kind of knowledge is he using?

Mrs.Thomas is a new fourth grade teacher.In the third week of school,she is introducing a new science unit that includes several words that will probably be new to most of the students.The unit involves extensive declarative knowledge,and Mrs.Thomas has chunked the information into small segments that her students can grasp.Now she is in the classroom and ready to begin the introduction with the students.What is the first thing she must do in order to meet her goal of helping students learn?

Which of the following middle school students is using the element of working memory known as the phonological loop to hold information?

Marcelo focuses his attention on the diagram and studies the details to help him capture a visual image that he will remember.What kind of knowledge is Marcelo using?

In the following learning situations,which one is described in a way that illustrates a cognitive view of learning?

Ashton is one of Mrs.O'Connor's students.She is working on a math task that requires the use of a formula.She tries one formula and gets the wrong answer.She checks her work and realizes she is using the wrong formula.She tries a different formula and gets the right answer.What type of knowledge does she demonstrate as she decides which formula to use?

Stephen listened to the agent explain the process of filing a claim with the company,getting an estimate on the damage,and getting his car repaired.He counted about six steps as the agent talked.He made mental notes about the steps he needed to follow and repeated them to the agent.Now he is trying to keep these steps in his working memory as he drives his damaged car home.He doesn't have his phone or other electronics for making notes and he's tight on time. Describe two different procedures Stephen might use to keep the information activated in his working memory.Explain pros and cons of each strategy.

As a seven-year-old boy,Dean likes to catch butterflies and moths.He is fascinated by the colors and patterns on their wings.Today he saw several monarchs and caught one in his net.In his mental representations of butterflies and moths,the monarch he caught today is:

Stefano worked at his desk preparing his presentation for English class.He finished his rough draft and sent it to the printer.His printer only printed the first page and signaled that it was out of paper.Stefano decided to make a list of what he needed to get at the store besides printer paper.Then he realized that his route to the store takes him past his girlfriend's house.He thinks about stopping for a minute,but then remembers that he borrowed a tool from her dad.He needs to return the tool.This type of memory retrieval is:

Kele has a history assignment that requires her to recall the events of World War II taking place in the Pacific and in Europe.She plans to draw a timeline showing the timing of major battles on both fronts,their duration,and their overlapping time frames.Which kind of cognitive load is required for her to do the deep processing related to the assignment and apply knowledge from two units as well as skills learned in other courses?

Griffin has been cast as the lead character in the school play.He has a lot of lines to memorize and about three weeks before rehearsals begin.He plans to memorize about five pages per night,making sure he has memorized Act I by the end of the first week.What method of memorization is Griffin using?

Which of the following students is probably most efficient in his multitasking?

Ms.Van Dale is trying to read Regan's essay,but the handwriting is really small and letters are crunched together.She can make out the pattern of some of Regan's letters,and is guessing at the others.What type of processing is Ms.Van Dale using?

Celeste is trying to learn the series of steps involved in a lengthy procedure she needs to use in chemistry class.She takes the first letter of a keyword in each step and puts the combination of letters together to form a contrived word she can remember.What process is Celeste using to remember the steps?

After the first month of school,Mr.Lennox places a suggestion box in his classroom and encourages students to drop suggestions anonymously into the box.He opens the box at the end of the week and reads a note suggesting that he stop lecturing.The student says that lectures put him or her to sleep. Mr.Lennox wants students to learn history.He realizes the value of the declarative knowledge he is presenting,and he wants it to hold meaning for his students.Mr.Lennox shows you the suggestion and asks for recommendations.As his colleague,you are in a position to help. What,besides lecturing,might Mr.Lennox do in his teaching to help students create semantic memory of historical events? What might Mr.Lennox do in his teaching to help students create episodic memory of historical events?

Ms.Cicardo wants her students to remember the material they are covering in language arts.They will need the information in units of study throughout the year.To support their learning,she creates diagrams on chart paper and posts them on the wall for children to see.She provides a handout with printed instruction and explains the material as students look at their handouts.What is Ms.Cicardo using to help students learn and store the information and retrieve it later?

A teacher asks students to compare two leaders,identifying similarities and differences in their leadership styles.What type of memory do the students need to use to complete this task?