Question 1

Ketoacidosis is most related to

Accepted Answer

A)  adrenal cortical insufficiency. 
B)  Cushing's syndrome. 
C)  excess fatty acid catabolism. 
D)  hyperglycemia. 
A)  adrenal cortical insufficiency. 
B)  Cushing's syndrome. 
C)  excess fatty acid catabolism. 
D)  hyperglycemia. C

Question 2

ACTH stimulates the

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothalamus to secrete corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). 
B)  adenohypophysis to secrete cortisol. 
C)  adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol. 
D)  adrenal medulla to secrete glucagon. 
A)  hypothalamus to secrete corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). 
B)  adenohypophysis to secrete cortisol. 
C)  adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol. 
D)  adrenal medulla to secrete glucagon. C

Question 3

Which of the following is least descriptive of the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

A)  secretes releasing hormones 
B)  controls the secretion of the anterior pituitary gland 
C)  secretes ACTH,TSH,and gonadotropins 
D)  synthesizes oxytocin and ADH 
A)  secretes releasing hormones 
B)  controls the secretion of the anterior pituitary gland 
C)  secretes ACTH,TSH,and gonadotropins 
D)  synthesizes oxytocin and ADH C

Question 4

Which of the following is the response to low plasma levels of calcium?

Accepted Answer

A)  secretion of calcitonin 
B)  secretion of the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans 
C)  inhibition of the adenohypophyseal release of ACTH 
D)  secretion of PTH 
A)  secretion of calcitonin 
B)  secretion of the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans 
C)  inhibition of the adenohypophyseal release of ACTH 
D)  secretion of PTH

Question 5

Cretinism,myxedema,and Graves' disease are all

Accepted Answer

A)  thyroid hormone-deficiency diseases. 
B)  thyroid hormone disorders due to oversecretion of thyroxine. 
C)  calcium imbalances due primarily to the lack of calcitonin. 
D)  disorders of thyroid gland function. 
A)  thyroid hormone-deficiency diseases. 
B)  thyroid hormone disorders due to oversecretion of thyroxine. 
C)  calcium imbalances due primarily to the lack of calcitonin. 
D)  disorders of thyroid gland function.

Question 6

Identify: an excessive growth of hair in locations where hair growth in women is normally minimal.

Accepted Answer

A)  goitrogenic effect 
B)  addisonian crisis 
C)  myxedema 
D)  hirsutism 
A)  goitrogenic effect 
B)  addisonian crisis 
C)  myxedema 
D)  hirsutism

Question 7

Which of the following hormones are found within the hypophyseal hypothalamic portal capillaries?

Accepted Answer

A)  gonadotropins 
B)  releasing hormones 
C)  catecholamines 
D)  mineralocorticoids 
A)  gonadotropins 
B)  releasing hormones 
C)  catecholamines 
D)  mineralocorticoids

Question 8

Which of the following steroids is an androgen?

Accepted Answer

A)  progesterone 
B)  testosterone 
C)  estrogen 
D)  aldosterone 
A)  progesterone 
B)  testosterone 
C)  estrogen 
D)  aldosterone

Question 9

Enlargement of the thyroid gland

Accepted Answer

A)  is called a goiter. 
B)  causes addisonian crisis. 
C)  makes the person appear cushingoid. 
D)  causes hypocalcemic tetany. 
A)  is called a goiter. 
B)  causes addisonian crisis. 
C)  makes the person appear cushingoid. 
D)  causes hypocalcemic tetany.

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of parathyroid hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  It causes the excretion of calcium in the urine. 
B)  It stimulates osteoblastic activity to form bone. 
C)  It stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete calcitonin. 
D)  It increases plasma levels of calcium. 
A)  It causes the excretion of calcium in the urine. 
B)  It stimulates osteoblastic activity to form bone. 
C)  It stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete calcitonin. 
D)  It increases plasma levels of calcium.

Question 11

Which of the following structures connects the hypothalamus and the adenohypophysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  islets of Langerhans 
B)  portal capillaries 
C)  corpus callosum 
D)  medulla oblongata 
A)  islets of Langerhans 
B)  portal capillaries 
C)  corpus callosum 
D)  medulla oblongata

Question 12

T3,T4,and calcitonin are

Accepted Answer

A)  secreted by the thyroid gland. 
B)  secreted by the parathyroid glands. 
C)  secreted in response to declining plasma levels of calcium. 
D)  steroids. 
A)  secreted by the thyroid gland. 
B)  secreted by the parathyroid glands. 
C)  secreted in response to declining plasma levels of calcium. 
D)  steroids.

Question 13

The adrenal cortex

Accepted Answer

A)  is the target gland of ACTH. 
B)  secretes catecholamines. 
C)  is an extension of the sympathetic nervous system. 
D)  secretes ADH and oxytocin. 
A)  is the target gland of ACTH. 
B)  secretes catecholamines. 
C)  is an extension of the sympathetic nervous system. 
D)  secretes ADH and oxytocin.

Question 14

Catecholamines

Accepted Answer

A)  include cortisol,aldosterone,and testosterone. 
B)  are secreted by the adrenal cortex. 
C)  lower plasma glucose. 
D)  include epinephrine (adrenalin)and norepinephrine. 
A)  include cortisol,aldosterone,and testosterone. 
B)  are secreted by the adrenal cortex. 
C)  lower plasma glucose. 
D)  include epinephrine (adrenalin)and norepinephrine.

Question 15

Steroids

Accepted Answer

A)  are secreted by the adrenal medulla. 
B)  include the glucocorticoids,mineralocorticoids,and androgens. 
C)  stimulate the membranes of the target cells to produce the second chemical messenger,cAMP. 
D)  are secreted by the pancreas. 
A)  are secreted by the adrenal medulla. 
B)  include the glucocorticoids,mineralocorticoids,and androgens. 
C)  stimulate the membranes of the target cells to produce the second chemical messenger,cAMP. 
D)  are secreted by the pancreas.

Question 16

The hypersecretion of this hormone is least likely to cause hyperglycemia.

Accepted Answer

A)  cortisol 
B)  growth hormone 
C)  insulin 
D)  epinephrine (adrenalin) 
A)  cortisol 
B)  growth hormone 
C)  insulin 
D)  epinephrine (adrenalin)

Question 17

Insulin

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulates the formation of glycogen. 
B)  increases the transport of glucose into a cell. 
C)  stimulates the synthesis of proteins and fats. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  stimulates the formation of glycogen. 
B)  increases the transport of glucose into a cell. 
C)  stimulates the synthesis of proteins and fats. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 18

Insulin

Accepted Answer

A)  is secreted by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans. 
B)  is secreted by the liver. 
C)  raises blood glucose. 
D)  is released by the pancreas in response to low blood glucose levels. 
A)  is secreted by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans. 
B)  is secreted by the liver. 
C)  raises blood glucose. 
D)  is released by the pancreas in response to low blood glucose levels.

Question 19

Insulin,cortisol,thyroxine,and oxytocin

Accepted Answer

A)  are hypothalamic releasing hormones. 
B)  are secreted by the adenohypophysis. 
C)  increase blood glucose. 
D)  are hormones. 
A)  are hypothalamic releasing hormones. 
B)  are secreted by the adenohypophysis. 
C)  increase blood glucose. 
D)  are hormones.

Question 20

The adrenal medulla

Accepted Answer

A)  is controlled primarily by ACTH. 
B)  secretes steroids. 
C)  is part of the "fight-or-flight" response. 
D)  secretes iodine-containing hormones. 
A)  is controlled primarily by ACTH. 
B)  secretes steroids. 
C)  is part of the "fight-or-flight" response. 
D)  secretes iodine-containing hormones.

Exam 14: Endocrine System

Ketoacidosis is most related to

ACTH stimulates the

Which of the following is least descriptive of the hypothalamus?

Which of the following is the response to low plasma levels of calcium?

Cretinism,myxedema,and Graves' disease are all

Identify: an excessive growth of hair in locations where hair growth in women is normally minimal.

Which of the following hormones are found within the hypophyseal hypothalamic portal capillaries?

Which of the following steroids is an androgen?

Enlargement of the thyroid gland

Which of the following is a function of parathyroid hormone?

Which of the following structures connects the hypothalamus and the adenohypophysis?

T3,T4,and calcitonin are

The adrenal cortex

Catecholamines

Steroids

The hypersecretion of this hormone is least likely to cause hyperglycemia.

Insulin

Insulin

Insulin,cortisol,thyroxine,and oxytocin

The adrenal medulla

Introduction to the Human Body

Basic Chemistry

Cells

Cell Metabolism

Microbiology Basics

Tissues and Membranes

Integumentary System and Body Temperature

Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System: Nervous Tissue and Brain

Nervous System: Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nerves

Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory System

Blood

Heart

Function of the Heart

Anatomy of the Blood Vessels

Functions of the Blood Vessels

Lymphatic System

Immune System

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Urinary System

Water,Electrolyte,and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive Systems

Human Development and Heredity

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T₃,T₄,and calcitonin are