Question 1

What percentage of Americans reject evolution, believing instead that all of life was created by God within the last 10,000 years?

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  20 
C)  40 
D)  60 
E)  80 
A)  10 
B)  20 
C)  40 
D)  60 
E)  80

Question 2

Bacon really didn't take sides in the debate between the rationalists and the empiricists.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

In Bacon's method, the next step after making Tables of Presence and Absence is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  apply deductive logic to the Tables. 
B)  construct Tables of Increase and Decrease. 
C)  compare the Tables of Presence and Absence to each other. 
D)  make guesses about the form and check them against the Tables. 
E)  deduce the character of the form under investigation. 
A)  apply deductive logic to the Tables. 
B)  construct Tables of Increase and Decrease. 
C)  compare the Tables of Presence and Absence to each other. 
D)  make guesses about the form and check them against the Tables. 
E)  deduce the character of the form under investigation.

Question 4

In periods of normal science, scientists are primarily puzzle-solvers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Bacon held that careful logical analysis was more important than mere observation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

In an experiment:

Accepted Answer

A)  two competing hypotheses are tested to see which is better. 
B)  some observations are relevant, and others aren't. 
C)  observations are always theory neutral. 
D)  every observation is relevant. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  two competing hypotheses are tested to see which is better. 
B)  some observations are relevant, and others aren't. 
C)  observations are always theory neutral. 
D)  every observation is relevant. 
E)  None of the above

Question 7

In assessing competing theories, the simpler theory is often preferable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following is not a technical term of Kuhn's view?

Accepted Answer

A)  Normal science 
B)  Falsification 
C)  Scientific revolution 
D)  Paradigm 
E)  All of the above 
A)  Normal science 
B)  Falsification 
C)  Scientific revolution 
D)  Paradigm 
E)  All of the above

Question 9

According to Kuhn, research under a paradigm will inevitably lead to the abandonment of that paradigm.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Bacon is best known for:

Accepted Answer

A)  defending the idea that the earth revolves around the sun. 
B)  his famous debate with Galileo. 
C)  writing the Sidereus Nuncius. 
D)  laying the foundations of scientific method. 
E)  his contributions to the science of astronomy. 
A)  defending the idea that the earth revolves around the sun. 
B)  his famous debate with Galileo. 
C)  writing the Sidereus Nuncius. 
D)  laying the foundations of scientific method. 
E)  his contributions to the science of astronomy.

Question 11

The Pope and the Archbishop of Canterbury reject evolution. .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Bacon would agree that:

Accepted Answer

A)  there is only one way to discover truth. 
B)  math is the basis of all science. 
C)  observations must be guided by theory. 
D)  deductive reasoning is the key to science. 
E)  empiricism is the best approach to science. 
A)  there is only one way to discover truth. 
B)  math is the basis of all science. 
C)  observations must be guided by theory. 
D)  deductive reasoning is the key to science. 
E)  empiricism is the best approach to science.

Question 13

Most contemporary thinkers consider all scientific knowledge merely a matter of convention.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Bacon's gathering of observations into Tables was what rationalists would call an experiment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

What Bacon calls "forms" we would be more likely to call:

Accepted Answer

A)  objects. 
B)  theories. 
C)  methods. 
D)  properties. 
E)  maxims. 
A)  objects. 
B)  theories. 
C)  methods. 
D)  properties. 
E)  maxims.

Question 16

The word "experiment" comes from a Latin term meaning "to try."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

If Bentham were to study the nature of sweetness, which of the following would not be part of his method?

Accepted Answer

A)  Making a list of sweet substances 
B)  Making a list of substances that are not sweet 
C)  Specifying which things are more or less sweet 
D)  Checking hypotheses about the nature of sweetness against the lists 
E)  Making a list of all the other properties possessed by sweet things 
A)  Making a list of sweet substances 
B)  Making a list of substances that are not sweet 
C)  Specifying which things are more or less sweet 
D)  Checking hypotheses about the nature of sweetness against the lists 
E)  Making a list of all the other properties possessed by sweet things

Question 18

Bacon took an essentially rationalist approach to scientific inquiry.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

In assessing theories, empirical testability is an irrelevant consideration.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The point of Ackerman's "lost children" example is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  show that science progresses because of the efforts of a few exceptional individuals. 
B)  illustrate Kuhn's theory. 
C)  show how science should be done. 
D)  show that credit for successes belongs to science as an institution, rather than to individual scientists. 
E)  show that credit for successes belongs to individuals who employ original techniques. 
A)  show that science progresses because of the efforts of a few exceptional individuals. 
B)  illustrate Kuhn's theory. 
C)  show how science should be done. 
D)  show that credit for successes belongs to science as an institution, rather than to individual scientists. 
E)  show that credit for successes belongs to individuals who employ original techniques.

What percentage of Americans reject evolution, believing instead that all of life was created by God within the last 10,000 years?

Bacon really didn't take sides in the debate between the rationalists and the empiricists.

In Bacon's method, the next step after making Tables of Presence and Absence is to:

In periods of normal science, scientists are primarily puzzle-solvers.

Bacon held that careful logical analysis was more important than mere observation.

In an experiment:

In assessing competing theories, the simpler theory is often preferable.

Which of the following is not a technical term of Kuhn's view?

According to Kuhn, research under a paradigm will inevitably lead to the abandonment of that paradigm.

Bacon is best known for:

The Pope and the Archbishop of Canterbury reject evolution. .

Bacon would agree that:

Most contemporary thinkers consider all scientific knowledge merely a matter of convention.

Bacon's gathering of observations into Tables was what rationalists would call an experiment.

What Bacon calls "forms" we would be more likely to call:

The word "experiment" comes from a Latin term meaning "to try."

If Bentham were to study the nature of sweetness, which of the following would not be part of his method?

Bacon took an essentially rationalist approach to scientific inquiry.

In assessing theories, empirical testability is an irrelevant consideration.

The point of Ackerman's "lost children" example is to:

What Is Philosophy

Theory of Knowledge

Metaphysics and Philosophy of Mind

Ethical Theory

Social and Political Philosophy

Philosophy of Art

Philosophy of Religion

Filters

Exam 4: Philosophy of Science

What percentage of Americans reject evolution, believing instead that all of life was created by God within the last 10,000 years?

Bacon really didn't take sides in the debate between the rationalists and the empiricists.

In Bacon's method, the next step after making Tables of Presence and Absence is to:

In periods of normal science, scientists are primarily puzzle-solvers.

Bacon held that careful logical analysis was more important than mere observation.

In an experiment:

In assessing competing theories, the simpler theory is often preferable.

Which of the following is not a technical term of Kuhn's view?

According to Kuhn, research under a paradigm will inevitably lead to the abandonment of that paradigm.

Bacon is best known for:

The Pope and the Archbishop of Canterbury reject evolution. .

Bacon would agree that:

Most contemporary thinkers consider all scientific knowledge merely a matter of convention.

Bacon's gathering of observations into Tables was what rationalists would call an experiment.

What Bacon calls "forms" we would be more likely to call:

The word "experiment" comes from a Latin term meaning "to try."

If Bentham were to study the nature of sweetness, which of the following would not be part of his method?

Bacon took an essentially rationalist approach to scientific inquiry.

In assessing theories, empirical testability is an irrelevant consideration.

The point of Ackerman's "lost children" example is to:

What Is Philosophy

Theory of Knowledge

Metaphysics and Philosophy of Mind

Ethical Theory

Social and Political Philosophy

Philosophy of Art

Philosophy of Religion

Filters