Question 1

Which of the following was true for most churches in the later years of the 1800s?

Accepted Answer

A)  The Catholic peasants in France, grateful for their improved lifestyle, attended church regularly. 
B)  One of the few pleasures of the European working class was attending church services on their one day off. 
C)  Marxists, though they did not see any need for religion, also saw no reason to disrupt church services just to make a point. 
D)  Because of the various attacks on the churches, many members of the middle classes were no longer tithing and had little respect for the local clergy. 
E)  Unlike the English, the French urban workers felt that being a part of an organized church was extremely important. 
A)  The Catholic peasants in France, grateful for their improved lifestyle, attended church regularly. 
B)  One of the few pleasures of the European working class was attending church services on their one day off. 
C)  Marxists, though they did not see any need for religion, also saw no reason to disrupt church services just to make a point. 
D)  Because of the various attacks on the churches, many members of the middle classes were no longer tithing and had little respect for the local clergy. 
E)  Unlike the English, the French urban workers felt that being a part of an organized church was extremely important.

Question 2

The eventual result of Bismarck's attacks on the Catholic Church was

Accepted Answer

A)  a stronger church. 
B)  an increase in church membership. 
C)  the banding together of various religious groups to fight his attacks. 
D)  a decline in the number on the church rolls, because many Germans no longer felt a need for religion. 
E)  the establishment of a political party founded by the Church. 
A)  a stronger church. 
B)  an increase in church membership. 
C)  the banding together of various religious groups to fight his attacks. 
D)  a decline in the number on the church rolls, because many Germans no longer felt a need for religion. 
E)  the establishment of a political party founded by the Church.

Question 3

The most significant debate in astronomy today concerns

Accepted Answer

A)  the possibility of life on other planets. 
B)  how the universe was created. 
C)  how life on earth will end. 
D)  whether space travel should be undertaken. 
E)  the size of the universe. 
A)  the possibility of life on other planets. 
B)  how the universe was created. 
C)  how life on earth will end. 
D)  whether space travel should be undertaken. 
E)  the size of the universe.

Question 4

The underlying concept behind 20?? century physics is that

Accepted Answer

A)  man can know only what his senses tell him. 
B)  it is possible to predict the possibility of certain events occurring through the study of physics. 
C)  the world is a machine that will continue to operate regardless of what humans do. 
D)  it is impossible to apply philosophical logic to physical matter. 
E)  by studying matter quantitatively, one should be able to determine what matter is and does. 
A)  man can know only what his senses tell him. 
B)  it is possible to predict the possibility of certain events occurring through the study of physics. 
C)  the world is a machine that will continue to operate regardless of what humans do. 
D)  it is impossible to apply philosophical logic to physical matter. 
E)  by studying matter quantitatively, one should be able to determine what matter is and does.

Question 5

B.F.Skinner and William James worked during the 20?? century to supplement and expound on the studies of

Accepted Answer

A)  Marie Curie. 
B)  Ivan Pavlov. 
C)  Carl Jung. 
D)  Sigmund Freud. 
E)  Herbert Spencer. 
A)  Marie Curie. 
B)  Ivan Pavlov. 
C)  Carl Jung. 
D)  Sigmund Freud. 
E)  Herbert Spencer.

Question 6

During the 19?? century,both Catholics and Protestants were often viewed as

Accepted Answer

A)  too passionate about spreading their faith. 
B)  too pessimistic in their views about the future. 
C)  unpleasant anti-progressives. 
D)  on the cutting edge of using new technologies. 
E)  thoughtful ethicists willing to adopt new ideas. 
A)  too passionate about spreading their faith. 
B)  too pessimistic in their views about the future. 
C)  unpleasant anti-progressives. 
D)  on the cutting edge of using new technologies. 
E)  thoughtful ethicists willing to adopt new ideas.

Question 7

Compare and contrast significant changes in the fields of anthropology,sociology,and psychology.

Accepted Answer

Answers would include a discus

Question 8

The civic culture of both America and the European continent underwent a major change by the late 1800s,as many educated people

Accepted Answer

A)  unexpectedly began to join evangelical churches. 
B)  decided in favor of state-run educational systems rather than religious training for their young. 
C)  joined political parties that had religious agendas. 
D)  began to attend church regularly again after years of being in services only sporadically. 
E)  removed their children from the public schools and enrolled them in schools run by the various religious denominations. 
A)  unexpectedly began to join evangelical churches. 
B)  decided in favor of state-run educational systems rather than religious training for their young. 
C)  joined political parties that had religious agendas. 
D)  began to attend church regularly again after years of being in services only sporadically. 
E)  removed their children from the public schools and enrolled them in schools run by the various religious denominations.

Question 9

Freud's theories of psychology

Accepted Answer

A)  encouraged the belief in rational planning as an answer to misery. 
B)  were supported most ardently in his home city of Vienna. 
C)  were thought to be insulting by many of his colleagues. 
D)  were based on the study of behavior of animals. 
E)  built on Darwin's theories of evolution. 
A)  encouraged the belief in rational planning as an answer to misery. 
B)  were supported most ardently in his home city of Vienna. 
C)  were thought to be insulting by many of his colleagues. 
D)  were based on the study of behavior of animals. 
E)  built on Darwin's theories of evolution.

Question 10

During the first half of the 20?? century,

Accepted Answer

A)  scientific and mathematical theory caught up with and surpassed the arts in public schools. 
B)  Western universities spent millions of dollars racing each other to develop new technology. 
C)  Studying about and trying to explain the process of human life became much more accessible for the ordinary person. 
D)  universities in the West gained recognition as the intellectual centers of the world. 
E)  as the sciences became more specialized, they became more difficult for the lay person to understand. 
A)  scientific and mathematical theory caught up with and surpassed the arts in public schools. 
B)  Western universities spent millions of dollars racing each other to develop new technology. 
C)  Studying about and trying to explain the process of human life became much more accessible for the ordinary person. 
D)  universities in the West gained recognition as the intellectual centers of the world. 
E)  as the sciences became more specialized, they became more difficult for the lay person to understand.

Question 11

Alfred R.Wallace and Gregor Mendel contributed to

Accepted Answer

A)  Ernst Mach's work in physics. 
B)  Darwin's theory of natural selection. 
C)  Einstein's work on space as a fourth dimension. 
D)  Newton's theory known as the "uncertainty principle." 
E)  Marie Curie's laboratory experiments with radium. 
A)  Ernst Mach's work in physics. 
B)  Darwin's theory of natural selection. 
C)  Einstein's work on space as a fourth dimension. 
D)  Newton's theory known as the "uncertainty principle." 
E)  Marie Curie's laboratory experiments with radium.

Question 12

Sociology is based on the premise that

Accepted Answer

A)  humans are social animals whose behavior can be studied to the point of predicting future behavior. 
B)  if one studied social behavior sufficiently, one could figure out how to alter behavior in positive ways. 
C)  all humans are capable of distinguishing between right and wrong, if the right approach is used with each individual. 
D)  the study of anthropology will help one predict future human social behavior. 
E)  the best reason for studying humanity en masse is to determine which social groups are most compatible with each other. 
A)  humans are social animals whose behavior can be studied to the point of predicting future behavior. 
B)  if one studied social behavior sufficiently, one could figure out how to alter behavior in positive ways. 
C)  all humans are capable of distinguishing between right and wrong, if the right approach is used with each individual. 
D)  the study of anthropology will help one predict future human social behavior. 
E)  the best reason for studying humanity en masse is to determine which social groups are most compatible with each other.

Question 13

Analyze the ways in which religion has responded to the challenges of science.How effective has religion been in facing these challenges?

Accepted Answer

Answers would include a discus

Question 14

The Uncertainty Principle refers to modern

Accepted Answer

A)  psychology. 
B)  physics. 
C)  history. 
D)  economics. 
E)  sociology. 
A)  psychology. 
B)  physics. 
C)  history. 
D)  economics. 
E)  sociology.

Question 15

Auguste Comte believed that

Accepted Answer

A)  sociology was less important than psychology. 
B)  sociology was the social science that would bring the greatest concrete changes to society. 
C)  Karl Marx was the greatest 19th century figure. 
D)  sociology was the culmination of all the sciences. 
E)  truth could not be obtained without using the senses. 
A)  sociology was less important than psychology. 
B)  sociology was the social science that would bring the greatest concrete changes to society. 
C)  Karl Marx was the greatest 19th century figure. 
D)  sociology was the culmination of all the sciences. 
E)  truth could not be obtained without using the senses.

Question 16

Modern insecurity and uncertainty have been most emphatically advanced by

Accepted Answer

A)  sociology and anthropology. 
B)  psychology and physics. 
C)  religion and archaeology. 
D)  politics and economics. 
E)  sociology and physics. 
A)  sociology and anthropology. 
B)  psychology and physics. 
C)  religion and archaeology. 
D)  politics and economics. 
E)  sociology and physics.

Question 17

Mach's most significant contribution to 20?? century physics pertained to

Accepted Answer

A)  quantum theory. 
B)  X-rays. 
C)  the Uncertainty Principle. 
D)  the theory of relativity. 
E)  interchangeability of matter and energy. 
A)  quantum theory. 
B)  X-rays. 
C)  the Uncertainty Principle. 
D)  the theory of relativity. 
E)  interchangeability of matter and energy.

Question 18

In his book ____________________,Darwin placed human beings right in the midst of the evolutionary scheme.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In his book ____________________,Darwin placed human beings...

Question 19

Cultural relativism asserts that

Accepted Answer

A)  there is no one correct way to accomplish something; many cultures have succeeded and do succeed in different ways. 
B)  most cultures believe that their methods are the only correct ones. 
C)  all cultural traits are inherited. 
D)  it is not necessary to belong to a culture to be able to understand that culture. 
E)  most people know relatively little about their ancestors and, furthermore, they don't care to know. 
A)  there is no one correct way to accomplish something; many cultures have succeeded and do succeed in different ways. 
B)  most cultures believe that their methods are the only correct ones. 
C)  all cultural traits are inherited. 
D)  it is not necessary to belong to a culture to be able to understand that culture. 
E)  most people know relatively little about their ancestors and, furthermore, they don't care to know.

Question 20

A notable feature of social sciences in the 20?? century has been the spread of ____________________ relativism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A notable feature of social sciences in...

Exam 40: Modern Science and its Implications

Which of the following was true for most churches in the later years of the 1800s?

The eventual result of Bismarck's attacks on the Catholic Church was

The most significant debate in astronomy today concerns

The underlying concept behind 20?? century physics is that

B.F.Skinner and William James worked during the 20?? century to supplement and expound on the studies of

During the 19?? century,both Catholics and Protestants were often viewed as

Compare and contrast significant changes in the fields of anthropology,sociology,and psychology.

The civic culture of both America and the European continent underwent a major change by the late 1800s,as many educated people

Freud's theories of psychology

During the first half of the 20?? century,

Alfred R.Wallace and Gregor Mendel contributed to

Sociology is based on the premise that

Analyze the ways in which religion has responded to the challenges of science.How effective has religion been in facing these challenges?

The Uncertainty Principle refers to modern

Auguste Comte believed that

Modern insecurity and uncertainty have been most emphatically advanced by

Mach's most significant contribution to 20?? century physics pertained to

In his book ____________________,Darwin placed human beings right in the midst of the evolutionary scheme.

Cultural relativism asserts that

A notable feature of social sciences in the 20?? century has been the spread of ____________________ relativism.

The Earliest Human Societies

Mesopotamia

Early Africa and Egypt

India's Beginnings

Warriors and Deities in the Near East

Ancient China to 221 BCE

The Agrarian Revolution in the Americas

The Greek Adventure

Greek Humanism, 800-100 BCE

Rome from City-State to Empire

The Roman Empire and the Rise of Christianity in the West, 31 BCE-600 CE

Classical India

Imperial China in Its Golden Age

The Americas to the Fifteenth Century

Islam

Mature Islamic Society and the First Global Civilization

Africa from Axum, to 1400

The Mongols Unify Eurasia

Japan and Southeast Asia

The European Middle Ages

The Late European Middle Ages and the Renaissance

A Larger World Opens

Religious Division and Political Consolidation in Europe

Asia in the Era of the Gunpowder Empires

Africa in the Era of Expansion

China from the Ming Through the Early Qing Dynasty

Japan in the Era of European Expansion

From Conquest to Colonies in Hispanic America

The Scientific Revolution and Its Enlightened Aftermath

Liberalism and the Challenge to Absolute Monarchy

The French Revolution and the Empire of Napoleon

The Early Industrial Revolution

Advanced Industrial Society

Europe: New Ideas and New Nations

The Islamic World, 1600-1917

European Imperialism and Africa During the Age of Industry

India and Southeast Asia Under Colonial Rule

China in the Age of Imperialism

Latin America from Independence to Dependent States

World War I and Its Disputed Settlement

A Fragile Balance: Europe in the Twenties

The Soviet Experiment to World War II

Totalitarianism Refined: The Nazi State

East Asia in a Century of Change

World War II

The Cold World War

Decolonization of the Non-Western World

The New Asia

Africa's Decolonization and Independence

Latin America in the Twentieth Century

The Reemergence of the Muslim World

Collapse and Reemergence in Communist Europe

A New Millennium

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