Question 1

What does an increase in the blood lactic acid indicate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tissue hyperoxia 
B)  Aerobic metabolism 
C)  Hypoxemia 
D)  Anaerobic metabolism 
A)  Tissue hyperoxia 
B)  Aerobic metabolism 
C)  Hypoxemia 
D)  Anaerobic metabolism D

Question 2

During heavy exercise of short duration, the body consumes most of the stored oxygen from which of the following sources?
I.Lungs
II.Blood
III.Muscle fibers
IV.Coronaries

Accepted Answer

A)  I, II 
B)  I, III, IV 
C)  I, II, III, IV 
D)  I, II, III 
A)  I, II 
B)  I, III, IV 
C)  I, II, III, IV 
D)  I, II, III D

Question 3

What happens to oxygen diffusion capacity with exercise?

Accepted Answer

A)  It remains stable. 
B)  It almost doubles. 
C)  It almost triples. 
D)  It decreases. 
A)  It remains stable. 
B)  It almost doubles. 
C)  It almost triples. 
D)  It decreases. C

Question 4

What is the name of the process for determining the resting energy expenditure and caloric nutritional needs in critically ill patients?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxygen transport studies 
B)  Caloric work rate 
C)  CO2 production rate 
D)  Indirect calorimetry 
A)  Oxygen transport studies 
B)  Caloric work rate 
C)  CO2 production rate 
D)  Indirect calorimetry

Question 5

Which of the following mechanisms is responsible for increasing cardiac output after SV has reached its maximum value?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heart rate 
B)  Force of contraction 
C)  Venous return 
D)  Vascular resistance 
A)  Heart rate 
B)  Force of contraction 
C)  Venous return 
D)  Vascular resistance

Question 6

The maximum ventilation that can be voluntarily sustained for 15 minutes or longer corresponds to what percentage of the normal MVV in normal people?

Accepted Answer

A)  80% to 100% 
B)  80% to 90% 
C)  55% to 80% 
D)  20% to 55% 
A)  80% to 100% 
B)  80% to 90% 
C)  55% to 80% 
D)  20% to 55%

Question 7

For endurance training such as walking or bicycling, which of the following describes the required exercise intensity?
I.It should be high enough to produce a heart rate greater than 60% of the predicted maximum heart rate.
II.It should be high enough to produce a heart rate less than 80% of the predicted maximum heart rate.
III.It should be high enough to produce a heart rate greater than 40% of the predicted maximum heart rate.
IV.It should be high enough to produce a heart rate less than 60% of the predicted maximum heart rate.

Accepted Answer

A)  I, II 
B)  III, IV 
C)  I, III 
D)  I, IV 
A)  I, II 
B)  III, IV 
C)  I, III 
D)  I, IV

Question 8

In normal individuals, oxygen delivery to the tissues depends entirely on which of the following factors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increase in heart rate 
B)  Increase in SV 
C)  Increase in cardiac output 
D)  Increase in Hb 
A)  Increase in heart rate 
B)  Increase in SV 
C)  Increase in cardiac output 
D)  Increase in Hb

Question 9

Which of the following is the source of energy for skeletal muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

A)  AMP 
B)  ATP 
C)  Glucose 
D)  Calcium 
A)  AMP 
B)  ATP 
C)  Glucose 
D)  Calcium

Question 10

In a comparison of physically fit and unfit people, which of the following statements are true?
I.The maximum heart rates of physically fit and unfit people of the same age are considerably different.
II.The maximum heart rates of physically fit and unfit people of the same age are the same.
III.Physically conditioned and unconditioned people performing the same amounts of work consume the same amounts of oxygen.
IV.The $\dot V$O2 is linearly related to the work rate regardless of conditioning, age, or gender.

Accepted Answer

A)  II, III, IV 
B)  I, III, IV 
C)  I, II, III, IV 
D)  I, II, III 
A)  II, III, IV 
B)  I, III, IV 
C)  I, II, III, IV 
D)  I, II, III

Question 11

Which of the following is the major ventilatory limiting factor in severely obstructed individuals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inability to eliminate carbon dioxide 
B)  Inability to make oxygen available to the tissues 
C)  Inability to reach ventilation limits 
D)  Inability to increase HbO2 
A)  Inability to eliminate carbon dioxide 
B)  Inability to make oxygen available to the tissues 
C)  Inability to reach ventilation limits 
D)  Inability to increase HbO2

Question 12

Which of the following is the limiting factor to increasing tidal volume during exercise in patients with restrictive pulmonary disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased RV 
B)  Decreased FEV1 
C)  Small FVC 
D)  Small IC 
A)  Increased RV 
B)  Decreased FEV1 
C)  Small FVC 
D)  Small IC

Question 13

Which of the following measurements can be obtained with a metabolic cart?
I.Inhaled oxygen concentration
II.Tidal volume
III.Respiratory rate
IV.Minute ventilation

Accepted Answer

A)  I, II 
B)  III, IV 
C)  I, II, III, IV 
D)  II, III 
A)  I, II 
B)  III, IV 
C)  I, II, III, IV 
D)  II, III

Question 14

What is the respiratory exchange ratio?

Accepted Answer

A)  The ratio between carbon dioxide uptake and oxygen elimination 
B)  The ratio between carbon dioxide elimination and oxygen uptake 
C)  The ratio between carbon dioxide elimination and oxygen elimination 
D)  The ratio between oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide elimination 
A)  The ratio between carbon dioxide uptake and oxygen elimination 
B)  The ratio between carbon dioxide elimination and oxygen uptake 
C)  The ratio between carbon dioxide elimination and oxygen elimination 
D)  The ratio between oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide elimination

Question 15

Which of the following terms describes a measure of the heart's efficiency in terms of oxygen delivered or consumed?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxygen transfer 
B)  Oxygen pulse 
C)  Oxygen delivery 
D)  Oxygen consumption 
A)  Oxygen transfer 
B)  Oxygen pulse 
C)  Oxygen delivery 
D)  Oxygen consumption

Question 16

Which of the following types of exercises is necessary to increase the heart's muscle mass and pumping effectiveness?

Accepted Answer

A)  Short, low energy 
B)  Endurance 
C)  Long, high energy 
D)  Anaerobic 
A)  Short, low energy 
B)  Endurance 
C)  Long, high energy 
D)  Anaerobic

Question 17

When does the anaerobic threshold occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  At approximately 50% to 65% of the body's maximum oxygen consumption 
B)  At approximately 65% to 70% of the body's maximum oxygen consumption 
C)  At approximately 70% to 75% of the body's maximum oxygen consumption 
D)  At approximately 75% to 80% of the body's maximum oxygen consumption 
A)  At approximately 50% to 65% of the body's maximum oxygen consumption 
B)  At approximately 65% to 70% of the body's maximum oxygen consumption 
C)  At approximately 70% to 75% of the body's maximum oxygen consumption 
D)  At approximately 75% to 80% of the body's maximum oxygen consumption

Question 18

During heavy exercise, which of the following are common respiratory effects?
I.$\dot V$E may grow as high as 150 L/min.
II.The respiratory rate approximately triples.
III.The tidal volume increases approximately sixfold.
IV.The tidal volume does not change.

Accepted Answer

A)  I, II 
B)  III, IV 
C)  II, III, IV 
D)  I, II, III 
A)  I, II 
B)  III, IV 
C)  II, III, IV 
D)  I, II, III

Question 19

Which of the following is significantly different between fit and unfit people?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heart rate 
B)  Stroke volume 
C)  Coronary blood flow 
D)  Heart conduction 
A)  Heart rate 
B)  Stroke volume 
C)  Coronary blood flow 
D)  Heart conduction

Question 20

The VD/VT falls to approximately what level during exercise?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.3 to 0.4 
B) 0.2 to 0.3 
C) 0.15 to 0.2 
D) 0.05 to 0.1 
A) 0.3 to 0.4 
B) 0.2 to 0.3 
C) 0.15 to 0.2 
D) 0.05 to 0.1

Exam 23: Cardiopulmonary Response to Exercise in Health and Disease

What does an increase in the blood lactic acid indicate?

During heavy exercise of short duration, the body consumes most of the stored oxygen from which of the following sources? I.Lungs II.Blood III.Muscle fibers IV.Coronaries

What happens to oxygen diffusion capacity with exercise?

What is the name of the process for determining the resting energy expenditure and caloric nutritional needs in critically ill patients?

Which of the following mechanisms is responsible for increasing cardiac output after SV has reached its maximum value?

The maximum ventilation that can be voluntarily sustained for 15 minutes or longer corresponds to what percentage of the normal MVV in normal people?

In normal individuals, oxygen delivery to the tissues depends entirely on which of the following factors?

Which of the following is the source of energy for skeletal muscle contraction?

Which of the following is the major ventilatory limiting factor in severely obstructed individuals?

Which of the following is the limiting factor to increasing tidal volume during exercise in patients with restrictive pulmonary disease?

Which of the following measurements can be obtained with a metabolic cart? I.Inhaled oxygen concentration II.Tidal volume III.Respiratory rate IV.Minute ventilation

What is the respiratory exchange ratio?

Which of the following terms describes a measure of the heart's efficiency in terms of oxygen delivered or consumed?

Which of the following types of exercises is necessary to increase the heart's muscle mass and pumping effectiveness?

When does the anaerobic threshold occur?

During heavy exercise, which of the following are common respiratory effects? I. V˙\dot VV˙ E may grow as high as 150 L/min. II.The respiratory rate approximately triples. III.The tidal volume increases approximately sixfold. IV.The tidal volume does not change.

Which of the following is significantly different between fit and unfit people?

The VD/VT falls to approximately what level during exercise?

The Airways and Alveoli

The Lungs and Chest Wall

Mechanics of Ventilation

Ventilation

Pulmonary Function Measurements

Pulmonary Blood Flow

Gas Diffusion

Oxygen Equilibrium and Transport

Carbon Dioxide Equilibrium and Transport

Acid-Base Regulation

Control of Ventilation

Ventilation-Perfusion Relationships

Clinical Assessment of Acid-Base and Oxygenation Status

Physiological Basis for Oxygenation and Lung Protection Strategies

Physiology of Sleep Disordered Breathing

Fetal and Newborn Cardiopulmonary Physiology

Functional Anatomy of the Cardiovascular System

Cardiac Electrophysiology

The Electrocardiogram and Cardiac Arrhythmias In Adults

Control of Cardiac Output and Hemodynamic

Filtration, Urine Formation, and Fluid Regulation

Electrolyte and Acid-Base Regulation

Aging and the Cardiopulmonary System

Filters

During heavy exercise, which of the following are common respiratory effects? I. $\dot V$ _E may grow as high as 150 L/min. II.The respiratory rate approximately triples. III.The tidal volume increases approximately sixfold. IV.The tidal volume does not change.