Question 1

Why is the categorical approach to classification problematic in the DSM?

Accepted Answer

A) Even if a person has all the symptoms of a disorder,they will not necessarily be diagnosed with a mental disorder. 
B) There may not be enough categories to cover every disorder. 
C) Too many people are classified as having a mental disorder. 
D) Some people may have difficulties,but would not be diagnosed as disordered. 
E) Not all people diagnosed with the same disorder behave the same way. 
A) Even if a person has all the symptoms of a disorder,they will not necessarily be diagnosed with a mental disorder. 
B) There may not be enough categories to cover every disorder. 
C) Too many people are classified as having a mental disorder. 
D) Some people may have difficulties,but would not be diagnosed as disordered. 
E) Not all people diagnosed with the same disorder behave the same way.

Question 2

Diagnosis can lead clinicians to make assumptions about an individual which are not valid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

A defense of retaining some aspects of the medical model is provided by Wakefield (1992),who states:

Accepted Answer

A) some physical illnesses are diagnosed on the basis of associated dysfunction alone; in the future we will acquire more knowledge about physical correlates of mental disorders. 
B) psychological symptoms invariably have physical processes which are causal. 
C) decisions to intervene or not must be made on a categorical basis; serious mental illness requires professionals to think like doctors. 
D) reliability will be improved by focusing on the underlying physical processes responsible for mental disorders. 
E) at this point the most effective interventions are pharmacological. 
A) some physical illnesses are diagnosed on the basis of associated dysfunction alone; in the future we will acquire more knowledge about physical correlates of mental disorders. 
B) psychological symptoms invariably have physical processes which are causal. 
C) decisions to intervene or not must be made on a categorical basis; serious mental illness requires professionals to think like doctors. 
D) reliability will be improved by focusing on the underlying physical processes responsible for mental disorders. 
E) at this point the most effective interventions are pharmacological.

Question 4

Mood,anxiety,and somatic symptom disorders are diagnosed at age 18.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

In order to deal with gender biases in diagnostic systems,a reconceptualization of the way that women's behaviours are viewed will have to occur.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Homosexuality was removed from DSM-III in 1980 due to the accumulated empirical findings which were incompatible with homosexuality being a disorder.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

According to Szasz (1961),diagnosis of mental illness has no physical and therefore no objective basis and is merely a means of social control.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Concurrent validity is concerned with the ability of a diagnostic category to

Accepted Answer

A) remove the traditional gender bias in diagnosis. 
B) identify symptoms that may exist concurrently. 
C) predict the symptoms that will co-occur over time. 
D) be diagnosed / applied concurrently by two different clinicians. 
E) estimate an individual's standing on non-symptoms attributes of the disorder. 
A) remove the traditional gender bias in diagnosis. 
B) identify symptoms that may exist concurrently. 
C) predict the symptoms that will co-occur over time. 
D) be diagnosed / applied concurrently by two different clinicians. 
E) estimate an individual's standing on non-symptoms attributes of the disorder.

Question 9

Why has it been so difficult to develop the ideal system for classifying mental disorders?

Accepted Answer

A) treatments tend to be different for different disorders. 
B) clinical psychologists tend not to use diagnostic systems for classification purposes. 
C) it was easier to conduct scientific research in the past than it is now. 
D) it is difficult to determine which aspects of behaviour are most important. 
E) psychologists find it difficult to conduct structured interviews with patients. 
A) treatments tend to be different for different disorders. 
B) clinical psychologists tend not to use diagnostic systems for classification purposes. 
C) it was easier to conduct scientific research in the past than it is now. 
D) it is difficult to determine which aspects of behaviour are most important. 
E) psychologists find it difficult to conduct structured interviews with patients.

Question 10

Mania is characterized by extreme elation and activity,grandiosity,and flighty ideas,followed by sadness,lack of energy,and lack of pleasure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The category 'Other Conditions that May be a Focus of Clinical Attention' is used for mental disorders that do not fit under any other category.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Sarah suffers from a social anxiety disorder,which causes her to feel depressed,lethargic,and hopeless.Recently,she has also been diagnosed with depression.This occurrence is referred to as.

Accepted Answer

A) multiple disorders 
B) co-occurrence 
C) double diagnosis 
D) comorbidity 
E) dissociative disorders 
A) multiple disorders 
B) co-occurrence 
C) double diagnosis 
D) comorbidity 
E) dissociative disorders

Question 13

Which of the following scenarios is most similar to the concept of reliability in making a diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

A) You meet a guy at a party who appears to be a very shy person,but it turns out that once you get to know him,he's really talkative. 
B) You and your brother talk to several people and decide to take a trip to Florida. 
C) Based on your brother's expensive and elaborate wardrobe,your friend concludes that he must be a little egocentric. 
D) Your brother is feeling quite ill,so you take his temperature and decide he has the flu. 
E) You and your brother go see the same movie with different people and both you and your brother think it had fantastic fight scenes. 
A) You meet a guy at a party who appears to be a very shy person,but it turns out that once you get to know him,he's really talkative. 
B) You and your brother talk to several people and decide to take a trip to Florida. 
C) Based on your brother's expensive and elaborate wardrobe,your friend concludes that he must be a little egocentric. 
D) Your brother is feeling quite ill,so you take his temperature and decide he has the flu. 
E) You and your brother go see the same movie with different people and both you and your brother think it had fantastic fight scenes.

Question 14

If the diagnostic category Conduct Disorder were to have subtypes that predict meeting vs.not meeting criteria for Antisocial Personality Disorder in adulthood,then this would be evidence forof the subtypes.

Accepted Answer

A) sensitivity 
B) predictive validity 
C) concurrent validity 
D) interrater reliability 
E) test-retest reliability 
A) sensitivity 
B) predictive validity 
C) concurrent validity 
D) interrater reliability 
E) test-retest reliability

Question 15

It is estimated that about one third of the global population has a mental disorder and that two thirds of those people receive no treatment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The main feature of schizophrenia disorder is

Accepted Answer

A) poor diet and substance use disorder. 
B) below average level of intelligence. 
C) excessive fear,worry,and apprehension. 
D) a marked loss of pleasure from usual activities. 
E) a loss of contact with the world. 
A) poor diet and substance use disorder. 
B) below average level of intelligence. 
C) excessive fear,worry,and apprehension. 
D) a marked loss of pleasure from usual activities. 
E) a loss of contact with the world.

Question 17

One example of dimensional classification would be using questionnaires to give people a certain score on a certain criterion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The most important reason for there being concern regarding ties between special interest groups and the development of the DSM is

Accepted Answer

A) the need for a diagnostic system that is purely descriptive. 
B) the need to move away from the medical model. 
C) the need for the DSM to remain value free. 
D) the need for a DSM that serves agreed-upon functions and values. 
E) the need to maximize predictive validity in the DSM. 
A) the need for a diagnostic system that is purely descriptive. 
B) the need to move away from the medical model. 
C) the need for the DSM to remain value free. 
D) the need for a DSM that serves agreed-upon functions and values. 
E) the need to maximize predictive validity in the DSM.

Question 19

The beginning of a modern system of classifying disorders can be attributed to

Accepted Answer

A) the American Psychological Association. 
B) the Canadian Psychological Association. 
C) DSM-I 
D) the World Health Organization. 
E) the American Psychiatric Association. 
A) the American Psychological Association. 
B) the Canadian Psychological Association. 
C) DSM-I 
D) the World Health Organization. 
E) the American Psychiatric Association.

Question 20

The 2002 Health Canada Report on Mental Illness concludes that

Accepted Answer

A) approximately one in five Canadians will experience a mental illness in their lifetime. 
B) approximately one in ten Canadians will experience a mental illness in their lifetime. 
C) approximately 5 percent of the population will experience a mental illness in their lifetime. 
D) approximately 5 percent of the population will experience a mental disorder in a one year period. 
E) mental illness is the leading cause of disability and premature death in Canada. 
A) approximately one in five Canadians will experience a mental illness in their lifetime. 
B) approximately one in ten Canadians will experience a mental illness in their lifetime. 
C) approximately 5 percent of the population will experience a mental illness in their lifetime. 
D) approximately 5 percent of the population will experience a mental disorder in a one year period. 
E) mental illness is the leading cause of disability and premature death in Canada.

Why is the categorical approach to classification problematic in the DSM?

Diagnosis can lead clinicians to make assumptions about an individual which are not valid.

A defense of retaining some aspects of the medical model is provided by Wakefield (1992),who states:

Mood,anxiety,and somatic symptom disorders are diagnosed at age 18.

In order to deal with gender biases in diagnostic systems,a reconceptualization of the way that women's behaviours are viewed will have to occur.

Homosexuality was removed from DSM-III in 1980 due to the accumulated empirical findings which were incompatible with homosexuality being a disorder.

According to Szasz (1961),diagnosis of mental illness has no physical and therefore no objective basis and is merely a means of social control.

Concurrent validity is concerned with the ability of a diagnostic category to

Why has it been so difficult to develop the ideal system for classifying mental disorders?

Mania is characterized by extreme elation and activity,grandiosity,and flighty ideas,followed by sadness,lack of energy,and lack of pleasure.

The category 'Other Conditions that May be a Focus of Clinical Attention' is used for mental disorders that do not fit under any other category.

Sarah suffers from a social anxiety disorder,which causes her to feel depressed,lethargic,and hopeless.Recently,she has also been diagnosed with depression.This occurrence is referred to as.

Which of the following scenarios is most similar to the concept of reliability in making a diagnosis?

If the diagnostic category Conduct Disorder were to have subtypes that predict meeting vs.not meeting criteria for Antisocial Personality Disorder in adulthood,then this would be evidence forof the subtypes.

It is estimated that about one third of the global population has a mental disorder and that two thirds of those people receive no treatment.

The main feature of schizophrenia disorder is

One example of dimensional classification would be using questionnaires to give people a certain score on a certain criterion.

The most important reason for there being concern regarding ties between special interest groups and the development of the DSM is

The beginning of a modern system of classifying disorders can be attributed to

The 2002 Health Canada Report on Mental Illness concludes that

Concepts of Abnormality Throughout History

Theoretical Perspectives on Abnormal Behaviour

Psychological Assessment and Research Methods

Anxiety and Related Disorders

Dissociative and Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders

Psychological Factors Affecting Medical Conditions

Depressive Disorders and Suicide

Schizophrenia Spectrum and other Psychotic Disorders

Eating Disorders

Substance-Related Disorders

The Personality Disorders

Sexual Dysfunction Disorders and Gender Dysphoria

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Behaviour and Emotional Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence

Aging and Mental Health

Therapies

Prevention and Mental Health Promotion in the Community

Mental Disorder and the Law

Filters

Exam 3: Classification and Diagnosis

Why is the categorical approach to classification problematic in the DSM?

Diagnosis can lead clinicians to make assumptions about an individual which are not valid.

A defense of retaining some aspects of the medical model is provided by Wakefield (1992),who states:

Mood,anxiety,and somatic symptom disorders are diagnosed at age 18.

In order to deal with gender biases in diagnostic systems,a reconceptualization of the way that women's behaviours are viewed will have to occur.

Homosexuality was removed from DSM-III in 1980 due to the accumulated empirical findings which were incompatible with homosexuality being a disorder.

According to Szasz (1961),diagnosis of mental illness has no physical and therefore no objective basis and is merely a means of social control.

Concurrent validity is concerned with the ability of a diagnostic category to

Why has it been so difficult to develop the ideal system for classifying mental disorders?

Mania is characterized by extreme elation and activity,grandiosity,and flighty ideas,followed by sadness,lack of energy,and lack of pleasure.

The category 'Other Conditions that May be a Focus of Clinical Attention' is used for mental disorders that do not fit under any other category.

Sarah suffers from a social anxiety disorder,which causes her to feel depressed,lethargic,and hopeless.Recently,she has also been diagnosed with depression.This occurrence is referred to as.

Which of the following scenarios is most similar to the concept of reliability in making a diagnosis?

If the diagnostic category Conduct Disorder were to have subtypes that predict meeting vs.not meeting criteria for Antisocial Personality Disorder in adulthood,then this would be evidence forof the subtypes.

It is estimated that about one third of the global population has a mental disorder and that two thirds of those people receive no treatment.

The main feature of schizophrenia disorder is

One example of dimensional classification would be using questionnaires to give people a certain score on a certain criterion.

The most important reason for there being concern regarding ties between special interest groups and the development of the DSM is

The beginning of a modern system of classifying disorders can be attributed to

The 2002 Health Canada Report on Mental Illness concludes that

Concepts of Abnormality Throughout History

Theoretical Perspectives on Abnormal Behaviour

Psychological Assessment and Research Methods

Anxiety and Related Disorders

Dissociative and Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders

Psychological Factors Affecting Medical Conditions

Depressive Disorders and Suicide

Schizophrenia Spectrum and other Psychotic Disorders

Eating Disorders

Substance-Related Disorders

The Personality Disorders

Sexual Dysfunction Disorders and Gender Dysphoria

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Behaviour and Emotional Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence

Aging and Mental Health

Therapies

Prevention and Mental Health Promotion in the Community

Mental Disorder and the Law

Filters