Question 1

The majority of the body's magnesium is found in the

Accepted Answer

A) blood. 
B) spleen. 
C) bones. 
D) liver. 
A) blood. 
B) spleen. 
C) bones. 
D) liver. C

Question 2

Which of the following foods is high in phosphorus?

Accepted Answer

A) meat 
B) spinach 
C) oranges 
D) table salt 
A) meat 
B) spinach 
C) oranges 
D) table salt A

Question 3

Cortical bone is more sensitive than trabecular bone to changes in hormonal and nutritional factors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Females reach their full adult height earlier than males do.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

There are very few natural food sources of vitamin D.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Insufficient vitamin D during adulthood is associated with

Accepted Answer

A) rickets. 
B) osteomalacia. 
C) kidney stones. 
D) hypocalcemia. 
A) rickets. 
B) osteomalacia. 
C) kidney stones. 
D) hypocalcemia.

Question 7

Soft drink consumption is associated with poor bone health. Describe the proposed theories that explain this relationship.

Accepted Answer

There are several proposed theories that

Question 8

Which of the following are two fat-soluble vitamins that humans obtain from non-dietary sources?

Accepted Answer

A) A and D 
B) D and E 
C) D and K 
D) C and D 
A) A and D 
B) D and E 
C) D and K 
D) C and D

Question 9

In the body, vitamin D is essential for

Accepted Answer

A) blood clotting. 
B) calcification of bone. 
C) muscle contraction. 
D) stimulation of nerve impulses. 
A) blood clotting. 
B) calcification of bone. 
C) muscle contraction. 
D) stimulation of nerve impulses.

Question 10

Which of the following is FALSE about trabecular bone?

Accepted Answer

A) very sensitive to changes in hormones and nutritional deficiencies 
B) porous and spongy in composition 
C) turnover is very rapid 
D) comprises approximately 80% of the skeleton 
A) very sensitive to changes in hormones and nutritional deficiencies 
B) porous and spongy in composition 
C) turnover is very rapid 
D) comprises approximately 80% of the skeleton

Question 11

Which of the following refers to the two-step process in which bone tissue is recycled?

Accepted Answer

A) bone growth 
B) bone modeling 
C) bone remodeling 
D) bone regeneration 
A) bone growth 
B) bone modeling 
C) bone remodeling 
D) bone regeneration

Question 12

People who live in the northernmost parts of the United States cannot get adequate sun exposure to synthesize vitamin D between the months of October and February.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

When does bone growth and modeling start?

Accepted Answer

A) during fetal development 
B) at birth 
C) during infancy 
D) during childhood 
A) during fetal development 
B) at birth 
C) during infancy 
D) during childhood

Question 14

A vitamin D deficiency in childhood may result in which disease characterized by inadequate mineralization of the skeleton?

Accepted Answer

A) rickets 
B) osteomalacia 
C) osteoporosis 
D) kyphosis 
A) rickets 
B) osteomalacia 
C) osteoporosis 
D) kyphosis

Question 15

Bone modeling is the two-step process by which bone tissue is recycled.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Marie is 55 years old and just had her first DXA assessment. The results indicated that she has a T-score of -1.5 (minus 1.5). What does her T-score indicate?

Accepted Answer

A) Compared to a 30-year-old healthy adult, her bone density is normal. 
B) Compared to a 30-year-old healthy adult, she has low bone mass. 
C) Compared to a 30-year-old healthy adult, she has osteoporosis. 
D) Nothing. DXA is not able to determine bone density in women over 50. 
A) Compared to a 30-year-old healthy adult, her bone density is normal. 
B) Compared to a 30-year-old healthy adult, she has low bone mass. 
C) Compared to a 30-year-old healthy adult, she has osteoporosis. 
D) Nothing. DXA is not able to determine bone density in women over 50.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a proposed factor associated with the increase in vitamin D deficiency among Americans?

Accepted Answer

A) the decreased consumption of vitamin-D fortified milk products 
B) the increase in the use of sunscreen products 
C) the increase in the rates of obesity, which alters the metabolism and storage of vitamin D 
D) the increased consumption of soft drinks 
A) the decreased consumption of vitamin-D fortified milk products 
B) the increase in the use of sunscreen products 
C) the increase in the rates of obesity, which alters the metabolism and storage of vitamin D 
D) the increased consumption of soft drinks

Question 18

When dietary intake of calcium is low, the body takes calcium from bone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a function of calcium?

Accepted Answer

A) transmission of nerve impulses 
B) muscle contraction 
C) maintenance of blood pressure 
D) promotes osteoclasts to break down bone 
A) transmission of nerve impulses 
B) muscle contraction 
C) maintenance of blood pressure 
D) promotes osteoclasts to break down bone

Question 20

Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the only method to measure the health of bone tissue.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 9: Nutrients Involved in Bone Health

The majority of the body's magnesium is found in the

Which of the following foods is high in phosphorus?

Cortical bone is more sensitive than trabecular bone to changes in hormonal and nutritional factors.

Females reach their full adult height earlier than males do.

There are very few natural food sources of vitamin D.

Insufficient vitamin D during adulthood is associated with

Soft drink consumption is associated with poor bone health. Describe the proposed theories that explain this relationship.

Which of the following are two fat-soluble vitamins that humans obtain from non-dietary sources?

In the body, vitamin D is essential for

Which of the following is FALSE about trabecular bone?

Which of the following refers to the two-step process in which bone tissue is recycled?

People who live in the northernmost parts of the United States cannot get adequate sun exposure to synthesize vitamin D between the months of October and February.

When does bone growth and modeling start?

A vitamin D deficiency in childhood may result in which disease characterized by inadequate mineralization of the skeleton?

Bone modeling is the two-step process by which bone tissue is recycled.

Marie is 55 years old and just had her first DXA assessment. The results indicated that she has a T-score of -1.5 (minus 1.5). What does her T-score indicate?

Which of the following is NOT a proposed factor associated with the increase in vitamin D deficiency among Americans?

When dietary intake of calcium is low, the body takes calcium from bone.

Which of the following is NOT a function of calcium?

Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the only method to measure the health of bone tissue.

The Role of Nutrition in Our Health

Designing a Healthful Diet

The Human Body: Are We Really What We Eat

Fats: Essential Energy-Supplying Nutrients

Proteins: Crucial Components of All Body Tissues

Disorders Related to Specific Foods

Nutrients Involved in Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Nutrients Involved in Antioxidant Function

Nutrients Involved in Energy Metabolism and Blood Health

Achieving and Maintaining a Healthful Body Weight

Nutrition and Physical Activity: Keys to Good Health

Food Safety and Technology: Impact on Consumers

Nutrition Through the Lifecycle: Pregnancy and the First Year of Life

Nutrition Through the Lifecycle: Childhood to Late Adulthood

Alcohol

Phytochemicals

My Plate

Carbohydrates: Plant-Derived Energy Nutrients

Diabetes

Cardiovascular Disease

Vitamins and Minerals: Micronutrients With Macro Powers

Fluid Imbalance

Cancer

Osteoporosis

Dietary Supplements: Necessity or Waste

Obesity

Disordered Eating

Global Nutrition

the Fetal Environment: a Lasting Impression

Searching for the Fountain of Youth

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