Deck 23: Urological Disorders

Question 1

Which situation makes an individual susceptible to developing a lower urinary tract infection (UTI)?
1)Urea in the urine
2)Immunoglobulin A (IgA)secretion
3)Vesicoureteral reflux
4)Urease-secreting bacterium
5)Both C and D

Answer 1

5

Question 2

Which statement by the nurse to a client demonstrates an understanding of the factors responsible for the formation of different types of ureter stones?
1)"Prolonged use of indwelling catheters has predisposed you to uric acid stones."
2)"You are likely to have developed cystine stones because your diet is excessively rich in animal proteins."
3)"You are likely to have developed calcium stones because of a genetic predisposition."
4)"Prolonged use of supplements has contributed to your developing calcium stones."

Answer 2

4

Question 3

Which type of renal calculi is caused by a genetic disorder associated with the faulty metabolism of an amino acid?
1)Calcium stones
2)Uric acid stones
3)Cystine stones
4)Struvite stones

Answer 3

3

Question 4

How long does a typical wave of renal colic last?
1)10 to 15 minutes
2)20 to 60 minutes
3)70 to 90 minutes
4)5 to 7 minutes

Question 5

Which observation is associated with the nonulcerative type of interstitial cystitis (IC)?
1)Thinning of bladder mucosa
2)Hemorrhages on the bladder wall when the bladder is distended
3)Erythema on the inner bladder surface
4)Inflammation on the inner bladder wall
5)Both A and B

Question 6

A nurse is teaching student nurses about the epidemiology of urolithiasis.Which statement made by a student nurse indicates the need for further learning?
1)"Urolithiasis occurs in 1 to 3 per 1,000 in men."
2)"The incidence of recurrence of calculi is 52% at 10 years after the initial incident."
3)"The incidence of urolithiasis increases among men in their twenties."
4)"The incidence of urolithiasis in women peaks in the late fifties."

Question 7

How much urine can the urinary bladder usually hold?
1)150 to 250 mL
2)300 to 400 mL
3)450 to 550 mL
4)600 to 700 mL

Question 8

A nurse is teaching student nurses about the epidemiology of lower urinary tract infections (UTIs).Which statement made by a student nurse indicates a need for further learning?
1)"Young adult women are more likely to suffer a lower UTI than are young adult men."
2)"Up to 40% of men in the United States,aged 20 to 40 years,have suffered a lower UTI."
3)"Benign prostate hyperplasia is a common cause of UTI in men older than 60 years of age."
4)"Approximately 50% of all women are believed to have had a UTI at some point in their lifetime."

Question 9

Which type of stone in the case of urolithiasis is associated with indwelling catheters?
1)Calcium
2)Struvite
3)Uric acid
4)Cystine

Question 10

Which type of calculi in the ureter is found most often in clients with spinal cord injuries?
1)Calcium
2)Struvite
3)Uric acid
4)Cystine

Question 11

Which factor does the nurse identify to be responsible for potentially lower urinary tract infections (UTIs)in young men?
1)Lack of circumcision
2)Anal intercourse
3)Benign prostate hyperplasia
4)Both A and B

Question 12

A student nurse is comparing treatment methods for urolithiasis and urinary incontinence.Which statement made by the student nurse indicates proper understanding of the treatment methods? Select all that apply.
1)"Local estrogen therapy is very effective in treating incontinence in women."
2)"Kegel exercises are contraindicated in women with incontinence."
3)"A transurethral catheter is recommended for long-term catheterization in the treatment of incontinence."
4)"Botulinum toxin injection is used as a last resort in the treatment of urolithiasis."
5)"Hydrochlorothiazide is the drug of choice for treatment of calcium stones."

Question 13

Which statement about the pathophysiology of lower urinary tract infections is true?
1)The low osmolarity of urine diminishes bacterial viability in the bladder.
2)Any obstruction of urinary outflow decreases the bladder's resistance to bacterial infection.
3)Immunoglobulin A (IgA)facilitates adherence of bacteria to the bladder wall.
4)The presence of IgA in all women decreases their ability to combat bacterial invasion of the bladder.

Question 14

A nurse is caring for an older adult with a urinary tract infection (UTI).A spinal injury has necessitated the long-term use of an indwelling urinary catheter in this client.Which is the most likely complication that the nurse would anticipate in this client?
1)Benign prostate hyperplasia
2)Urosepsis
3)Vesicoureteral reflux
4)Bladder cancer
5)Both B and D

Question 15

What is the rate of recurrence of urolithiasis within 5 years after it occurs in a client for the first time?
1)35%
2)45%
3)52%
4)62%

Question 16

Which is the most common cause of urinary obstruction in men older than 60 years of age?
1)Cancers of the pelvic organs
2)Kidney stones
3)Benign prostate hyperplasia
4)Genetic mutation