Question 1

What is the rate of recurrence of urolithiasis within 5 years after it occurs in a client for the first time?

Accepted Answer

A) 35% 
B) 45% 
C) 52% 
D) 62% 
A) 35% 
B) 45% 
C) 52% 
D) 62% A

Question 2

Which type of calculi in the ureter is found most often in clients with spinal cord injuries?

Accepted Answer

A) Calcium 
B) Struvite 
C) Uric acid 
D) Cystine 
A) Calcium 
B) Struvite 
C) Uric acid 
D) Cystine B

Question 3

A nurse is teaching student nurses about the epidemiology of lower urinary tract infections (UTIs).Which statement made by a student nurse indicates a need for further learning?

Accepted Answer

A) "Young adult women are more likely to suffer a lower UTI than are young adult men." 
B) "Up to 40% of men in the United States,aged 20 to 40 years,have suffered a lower UTI." 
C) "Benign prostate hyperplasia is a common cause of UTI in men older than 60 years of age." 
D) "Approximately 50% of all women are believed to have had a UTI at some point in their lifetime." 
A) "Young adult women are more likely to suffer a lower UTI than are young adult men." 
B) "Up to 40% of men in the United States,aged 20 to 40 years,have suffered a lower UTI." 
C) "Benign prostate hyperplasia is a common cause of UTI in men older than 60 years of age." 
D) "Approximately 50% of all women are believed to have had a UTI at some point in their lifetime." B

Question 4

How long does a typical wave of renal colic last?

Accepted Answer

A) 10 to 15 minutes 
B) 20 to 60 minutes 
C) 70 to 90 minutes 
D) 5 to 7 minutes 
A) 10 to 15 minutes 
B) 20 to 60 minutes 
C) 70 to 90 minutes 
D) 5 to 7 minutes

Question 5

Which is the most common cause of urinary obstruction in men older than 60 years of age?

Accepted Answer

A) Cancers of the pelvic organs 
B) Kidney stones 
C) Benign prostate hyperplasia 
D) Genetic mutation 
A) Cancers of the pelvic organs 
B) Kidney stones 
C) Benign prostate hyperplasia 
D) Genetic mutation

Question 6

A nurse is caring for an older adult with a urinary tract infection (UTI).A spinal injury has necessitated the long-term use of an indwelling urinary catheter in this client.Which is the most likely complication that the nurse would anticipate in this client?

Accepted Answer

A) Benign prostate hyperplasia 
B) Urosepsis 
C) Vesicoureteral reflux 
D) Bladder cancer 
E) Both B and D 
A) Benign prostate hyperplasia 
B) Urosepsis 
C) Vesicoureteral reflux 
D) Bladder cancer 
E) Both B and D

Question 7

How much urine can the urinary bladder usually hold?

Accepted Answer

A) 150 to 250 mL 
B) 300 to 400 mL 
C) 450 to 550 mL 
D) 600 to 700 mL 
A) 150 to 250 mL 
B) 300 to 400 mL 
C) 450 to 550 mL 
D) 600 to 700 mL

Question 8

Which situation makes an individual susceptible to developing a lower urinary tract infection (UTI)?

Accepted Answer

A) Urea in the urine 
B) Immunoglobulin A (Ig
A) secretion 
C) Vesicoureteral reflux 
D) Urease-secreting bacterium 
E) Both C and D 
A) Urea in the urine 
B) Immunoglobulin A (Ig
A) secretion 
C) Vesicoureteral reflux 
D) Urease-secreting bacterium 
E) Both C and D

Question 9

Which factor does the nurse identify to be responsible for potentially lower urinary tract infections (UTIs)in young men?

Accepted Answer

A) Lack of circumcision 
B) Anal intercourse 
C) Benign prostate hyperplasia 
D) Both A and B 
A) Lack of circumcision 
B) Anal intercourse 
C) Benign prostate hyperplasia 
D) Both A and B

Question 10

A nurse is teaching student nurses about the epidemiology of urolithiasis.Which statement made by a student nurse indicates the need for further learning?

Accepted Answer

A) "Urolithiasis occurs in 1 to 3 per 1,000 in men." 
B) "The incidence of recurrence of calculi is 52% at 10 years after the initial incident." 
C) "The incidence of urolithiasis increases among men in their twenties." 
D) "The incidence of urolithiasis in women peaks in the late fifties." 
A) "Urolithiasis occurs in 1 to 3 per 1,000 in men." 
B) "The incidence of recurrence of calculi is 52% at 10 years after the initial incident." 
C) "The incidence of urolithiasis increases among men in their twenties." 
D) "The incidence of urolithiasis in women peaks in the late fifties."

Question 11

Which observation is associated with the nonulcerative type of interstitial cystitis (IC)?

Accepted Answer

A) Thinning of bladder mucosa 
B) Hemorrhages on the bladder wall when the bladder is distended 
C) Erythema on the inner bladder surface 
D) Inflammation on the inner bladder wall 
E) Both A and B 
A) Thinning of bladder mucosa 
B) Hemorrhages on the bladder wall when the bladder is distended 
C) Erythema on the inner bladder surface 
D) Inflammation on the inner bladder wall 
E) Both A and B

Question 12

Which statement by the nurse to a client demonstrates an understanding of the factors responsible for the formation of different types of ureter stones?

Accepted Answer

A) "Prolonged use of indwelling catheters has predisposed you to uric acid stones." 
B) "You are likely to have developed cystine stones because your diet is excessively rich in animal proteins." 
C) "You are likely to have developed calcium stones because of a genetic predisposition." 
D) "Prolonged use of supplements has contributed to your developing calcium stones." 
A) "Prolonged use of indwelling catheters has predisposed you to uric acid stones." 
B) "You are likely to have developed cystine stones because your diet is excessively rich in animal proteins." 
C) "You are likely to have developed calcium stones because of a genetic predisposition." 
D) "Prolonged use of supplements has contributed to your developing calcium stones."

Question 13

Which type of stone in the case of urolithiasis is associated with indwelling catheters?

Accepted Answer

A) Calcium 
B) Struvite 
C) Uric acid 
D) Cystine 
A) Calcium 
B) Struvite 
C) Uric acid 
D) Cystine

Question 14

A student nurse is comparing treatment methods for urolithiasis and urinary incontinence.Which statement made by the student nurse indicates proper understanding of the treatment methods? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) "Local estrogen therapy is very effective in treating incontinence in women." 
B) "Kegel exercises are contraindicated in women with incontinence." 
C) "A transurethral catheter is recommended for long-term catheterization in the treatment of incontinence." 
D) "Botulinum toxin injection is used as a last resort in the treatment of urolithiasis." 
E) "Hydrochlorothiazide is the drug of choice for treatment of calcium stones." 
A) "Local estrogen therapy is very effective in treating incontinence in women." 
B) "Kegel exercises are contraindicated in women with incontinence." 
C) "A transurethral catheter is recommended for long-term catheterization in the treatment of incontinence." 
D) "Botulinum toxin injection is used as a last resort in the treatment of urolithiasis." 
E) "Hydrochlorothiazide is the drug of choice for treatment of calcium stones."

Question 15

Which statement about the pathophysiology of lower urinary tract infections is true?

Accepted Answer

A) The low osmolarity of urine diminishes bacterial viability in the bladder. 
B) Any obstruction of urinary outflow decreases the bladder's resistance to bacterial infection. 
C) Immunoglobulin A (Ig
A) facilitates adherence of bacteria to the bladder wall. 
D) The presence of IgA in all women decreases their ability to combat bacterial invasion of the bladder. 
A) The low osmolarity of urine diminishes bacterial viability in the bladder. 
B) Any obstruction of urinary outflow decreases the bladder's resistance to bacterial infection. 
C) Immunoglobulin A (Ig
A) facilitates adherence of bacteria to the bladder wall. 
D) The presence of IgA in all women decreases their ability to combat bacterial invasion of the bladder.

Question 16

Which type of renal calculi is caused by a genetic disorder associated with the faulty metabolism of an amino acid?

Accepted Answer

A) Calcium stones 
B) Uric acid stones 
C) Cystine stones 
D) Struvite stones 
A) Calcium stones 
B) Uric acid stones 
C) Cystine stones 
D) Struvite stones

Exam 23: Urological Disorders

What is the rate of recurrence of urolithiasis within 5 years after it occurs in a client for the first time?

Which type of calculi in the ureter is found most often in clients with spinal cord injuries?

A nurse is teaching student nurses about the epidemiology of lower urinary tract infections (UTIs).Which statement made by a student nurse indicates a need for further learning?

How long does a typical wave of renal colic last?

Which is the most common cause of urinary obstruction in men older than 60 years of age?

A nurse is caring for an older adult with a urinary tract infection (UTI).A spinal injury has necessitated the long-term use of an indwelling urinary catheter in this client.Which is the most likely complication that the nurse would anticipate in this client?

How much urine can the urinary bladder usually hold?

Which situation makes an individual susceptible to developing a lower urinary tract infection (UTI)?

Which factor does the nurse identify to be responsible for potentially lower urinary tract infections (UTIs)in young men?

A nurse is teaching student nurses about the epidemiology of urolithiasis.Which statement made by a student nurse indicates the need for further learning?

Which observation is associated with the nonulcerative type of interstitial cystitis (IC)?

Which statement by the nurse to a client demonstrates an understanding of the factors responsible for the formation of different types of ureter stones?

Which type of stone in the case of urolithiasis is associated with indwelling catheters?

A student nurse is comparing treatment methods for urolithiasis and urinary incontinence.Which statement made by the student nurse indicates proper understanding of the treatment methods? Select all that apply.

Which statement about the pathophysiology of lower urinary tract infections is true?

Which type of renal calculi is caused by a genetic disorder associated with the faulty metabolism of an amino acid?

The Cell in Health and Illness

Cellular Injury, adaptations, and Maladaptive Changes

Genetic Basis of Disease

Stress, exercise, and Immobility

Obesity and Nutritional Imbalances

Pain

Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances

Acid-Base Imbalances

Infection and Inflammation

Infectious Diseases

Disorders of the Immune System

White Blood Cell Disorders

Infection and Inflammation

Disorders of Platelets, hemostasis, and Coagulation

Arterial Disorders

Ischemic Heart Disease and Conduction Disorders

Heart Failure

Valvular Heart Disease

Disorders of the Venous System

Respiratory Inflammation and Infection

Restrictive and Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders

Renal Disorders

Endocrine Disorders

Diabetes Mellitus and the Metabolic Syndrome

Disorders of the Female Reproductive System

Disorders of Male Reproductive System

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Disorders of the Esophagus,stomach,and Small Intestine

Common Disorders of the Large Intestine

Infection,inflammation,and Cirrhosis of the Liver

Gallbladder,pancreatic,and Bile Duct Dysfunction

Cerebrovascular Disorders

Chronic and Degenerative Neurologic Disorders

Brain and Spinal Cord Injury

Psychobiology of Behavioral Disorders

Musculoskeletal Trauma

Degenerative Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System

Infection and Inflammatory Disorders of the Musculoskeletal System

Cancer

Skin Disorders

Burns

Eye Disorders

Ear Disorders

Pediatric Disorders

Pathophysiologic Concepts of Aging

Sirs, sepsis, shock, mods, and Death

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