Deck 19: Skeletal System and Pathologies

Question 1

Which term means the hollow space within the center of the diaphysis?

A) Meniscus
B) Metaphysis
C) Medullary cavity
D) Epiphyseal cavity

Answer 1

C
Explanation: The medullary cavity is the hollow space within the diaphysis. It is filled with red and yellow bone marrow, which are soft substances.

Question 2

Which term means the long cylindrical shaft of a bone?

A) Meniscus
B) Epiphysis
C) Diaphysis
D) Periosteum

Answer 2

C
Explanation: The diaphysis is the long cylindrical shaft of a bone.

Question 3

What is the central passageway of an osteon that contains the bone's blood supply and nerves called?

A) Haversian canal
B) Diaphysis
C) Trebecula
D) Volkmann's canal

Answer 3

A
Explanation: Each osteon surrounds a central canal that runs lengthwise through the bone. The central canal, also called Haversian canal, contain blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves.

Question 4

The bones in the spine are in which category?

A) Flat
B) Short
C) Irregular
D) Sesamoid

Question 5

Which cells destroy bone?

A) Fibroblasts
B) Osteoclasts
C) Osteoblasts
D) Chondroclasts

Question 6

What term means the dense, fibrous sheath that surrounds the diaphysis?

A) Meniscus
B) Epiphysis
C) Diaphysis
D) Periosteum

Question 7

Which bone is located in the axial skeleton?

A) Femur
B) Radius
C) Sternum
D) Metatarsal

Question 8

Which cells form bone?

A) Fibroblasts
B) Osteoclasts
C) Osteoblasts
D) Chondroclasts

Question 9

The skeletal system is divided into which two regions?

A) Acute and chronic
B) Central and peripheral
C) Systemic and regional
D) Axial and appendicular

Question 10

How many bones are in the skull?

A) 10
B) 14
C) 29
D) 33

Question 11

What covers the articulating surfaces of bone?

A) Bursae
B) Periosteum
C) Bone marrow
D) Hyaline cartilage

Question 12

Which term refers to the hard outer shell of a bone?

A) Compact
B) Trabecular
C) Cancellous
D) Osteoporotic

Question 13

Which bones are small, rounded, and embedded in tendons?

A) Flat
B) Short
C) Irregular
D) Sesamoid

Question 14

Which term means the process of bone development?

A) Oscillation
B) Ossification
C) Mobilization
D) Colonization

Question 15

Which term refers to the lighter and less dense area of a bone?

A) Compact
B) Spongy
C) Irregular
D) Sesamoid

Question 16

Where does bone grow in length?

A) Epiphyseal plate
B) Medullary cavity
C) Periosteum
D) Diaphysis

Question 17

Which term means blood cell production?

A) Hyperemia
B) Hematopoiesis
C) Remodeling
D) Ossification

Question 18

Where in bone are blood cells produced?

A) Haversian canal
B) Hyaline cartilage
C) Red bone marrow
D) Yellow bone marrow

Question 19

Which bone is located in the appendicular skeleton?

A) Skull
B) Sacrum
C) Scapula
D) Sternum

Question 20

Which term means the two ends of a long bone?

A) Bursae
B) Epiphyses
C) Diaphyses
D) Periosteum

Question 21

Which movement is lateral rotation in which the bones of the forearm are parallel and the palm faces anteriorly?

A) Inversion
B) Pronation
C) Supination
D) Dorsiflexion

Question 22

Which term means the place where bones come together or join?

A) Diaphysis
B) Periosteum
C) Articulation
D) Hematopoiesis

Question 23

Which movement is conical in which one end of the body is fixed and the other end moves in a circle?

A) Rotation
B) Retraction
C) Protraction
D) Circumduction

Question 24

Which movement is toward the midline of the body?

A) Flexion
B) Extension
C) Abduction
D) Adduction

Question 25

Which movement occurs when the ankle causes the foot to move superiorly in the direction of the top of the foot?

A) Inversion
B) Pronation
C) Supination
D) Dorsiflexion

Question 26

Which structures are flattened and saclike, and located between ligaments or tendons and bones?

A) Bursae
B) Synovia
C) Periosteum
D) Metaphysis

Question 27

Which movement is in an anterior direction?

A) Rotation
B) Retraction
C) Protraction
D) Circumduction

Question 28

Which type of joint provides movement in one axis?

A) Biaxial
B) Triaxial
C) Uniaxial
D) Nonaxial

Question 29

Which type of joint has is the most movable?

A) Pivot
B) Hinge
C) Ellipsoidal
D) Ball and socket

Question 30

Which movement is bending of a joint so that the angle of the joint decreases?

A) Flexion
B) Extension
C) Abduction
D) Adduction

Question 31

Which type of joint has movements limited to flexion and extension?

A) Pivot
B) Hinge
C) Saddle
D) Ball and socket

Question 32

Which structure unites articulating bones?

A) Labrum
B) Bursa
C) Tendon
D) Ligament

Question 33

Which type of joints, found in the thumb, possess a concave surface facing one direction and a convex surface facing the other direction?

A) Pivot
B) Hinge
C) Saddle
D) Ball and socket

Question 34

Which type of joint contains an oval-shaped surface of one bone that fits into a depression or socket of another bone, allowing the bone to travel back and forth and from side to side?

A) Pivot
B) Hinge
C) Ellipsoidal
D) Ball and socket

Question 35

Which type of fluid is found in cavities of freely movable joints?

A) Mucus
B) Serous
C) Lymph
D) Synovial

Question 36

Which type of joint is freely movable?

A) Fibrous
B) Diarthrotic
C) Synarthrotic
D) Cartilaginous

Question 37

Which type of joint has movements limited to rotation?

A) Pivot
B) Hinge
C) Saddle
D) Ball and socket

Question 38

Which type of joint provides movement in all three cardinal planes?

A) Biplanar
B) Uniplanar
C) Nonplanar
D) Multiplanar

Question 39

Which type of joint has extremely limited movement capabilities?

A) Synovial
B) Diarthrotic
C) Synarthrotic
D) Ball and socket

Question 40

Which movement occurs when a bone pivots around its own central axis?

A) Rotation
B) Pronation
C) Supination
D) Dorsiflexion

Question 41

Which condition is a lateral curvature in the normally straight vertical line of the spine, usually in the thoracic region?

A) Osteoporosis
B) Lordosis
C) Scoliosis
D) Kyphosis

Question 42

Which condition is an exaggeration of the normal posterior curvature in the thoracic spine?

A) Osteoporosis
B) Lordosis
C) Scoliosis
D) Kyphosis

Question 43

Which condition is an exaggeration of the normal anterior curvature in the lumbar spine?

A) Osteoporosis
B) Lordosis
C) Scoliosis
D) Kyphosis

Question 44

Which pathology is inflammation of a cushioning sac?

A) Bursitis
B) Baker cyst
C) Osteoarthritis
D) Osteoporosis

Question 45

Which pathology is a chronic, inflammatory, systemic disease that destroys synovial membranes?

A) Gout
B) Baker cyst
C) Osteoporosis
D) Rheumatoid arthritis

Question 46

Which pathology is loss of normal bone density and increased susceptibility to fractures?

A) Bursitis
B) Gout
C) Osteoarthritis
D) Osteoporosis

Question 47

Which of the following pathologies results from deposition of uric acid crystals in joints?

A) Gout
B) Baker cyst
C) Osteoporosis
D) Ganglion cyst

Question 48

Which condition is a pouchlike structure filled with synovial fluid that arises from joint capsules or tendon sheaths?

A) Gout
B) Baker cyst
C) Ganglion cyst
D) Bursitis

Question 49

Which pathology is an accumulation of synovial fluid behind the knee?

A) Gout
B) Baker cyst
C) Osteoporosis
D) Adhesive capsulitis

Question 50

Which pathology is characterized by inflammation of the joint capsule and progressive joint damage, leading to loss of articular cartilage?

A) Cellulitis
B) Baker cyst
C) Osteoarthritis
D) Osteoporosis