Deck 1: Corrections: an Overview

Question 1

The main function of the preliminary hearing is to:

A) ensure the incarceration and rehabilitation of adults and juveniles convicted of offenses against the law.
B) determine whether there is cause to believe that the accused committed a crime within the jurisdiction of the court.
C) ensure the maintenance and upkeep of the correctional facilities that are used for incarceration.
D) determine whether there are adequate facilities in the correctional facilities for the convicted offenders.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true of the crime rates and the prison population in the United States?

A) Serious crime continues to increase, while the prison population continues to decrease.
B) Serious crime continues to decrease, while the prison population continues to increase.
C) Serious crime continues to increase, causing the prison population to increase.
D) Serious crime continues to decrease, causing the prison population to decrease.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which among the following is an example of an infraction?

A) Murder
B) Breaking and entering
C) Littering
D) Auto theft

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Some crimes classified as felonies in one part of the country may be misdemeanors in another.

Question 5

Major violations of the law that often involve long-term incarceration are called infractions.

Question 6

A prosecutor's choice to drop charges after filing them is called _____.

A) nollo judicus
B) nolo contendere
C) nolle prosequi
D) noelle persecutus

Question 7

A minor violation of a state statute or local ordinance punishable by a fine or other penalty, or by a specified, usually very short term of incarceration, is called a(n) _____.

A) infraction
B) misdemeanor
C) felony
D) perjury

Question 8

A serious criminal offense that is punishable by death or by incarceration in a prison facility for more than a year is called a(n) _____.

A) infraction
B) misdemeanor
C) felony
D) perjury

Question 9

A few states make conviction of a felony and the resulting incarceration grounds for uncontested divorce.

Question 10

Murder, rape, aggravated assault, robbery, burglary, and arson are felonies in all jurisdictions within the United States.

Question 11

Identify a component of the criminal justice system.

A) Courts
B) Sole proprietorship
C) Arbitration
D) Cooperatives

Question 12

The process of achieving justice through the application of the criminal law and through the workings of the criminal justice system is called criminal justice.

Question 13

The process by which a court arrives at a final decision in a case is called _____.

A) arbitration
B) arraignment
C) certification
D) adjudication

Question 14

The various aspects of the pretrial and postconviction management of individuals accused or convicted of crimes are referred to as _____.

A) adjudications
B) corrections
C) arraignments
D) incarcerations

Question 15

The current rate of imprisonment in the United States is close to an all-time high.

Question 16

Which among the following is an example of a misdemeanor?

A) Robbery
B) Simple assault
C) Arson
D) Jaywalking

Question 17

A relatively minor violation of the criminal law, such as petty theft or simple assault, punishable by confinement for one year or less is called a(n) _____.

A) infraction
B) misdemeanor
C) felony
D) perjury

Question 18

Who among the following is a correctional client?

A) A recreation coordinator
B) A unit leader
C) A field administrator
D) A probationer

Question 19

Which among the following is an example of a felony?

A) Burglary
B) Simple assault
C) Jaywalking
D) Littering

Question 20

If a defendant accepts a penalty without admitting guilt, it is called _____.

A) nollo judicus
B) nolo contendere
C) nolle prosequi
D) noelle persecutus

Question 21

If a defendant accepts a penalty without admitting guilt, it is called _____.

Question 22

Nolo Contendere pleas are used by defendants who wish to contest conviction.

Question 23

_____ refers to the overuse of correctional facilities, particularly prisons, in the United States.

Question 24

_____ is defined as criminal laws and criminal justice institutions, policies, and practices that achieve justice in the present without compromising the ability of future generations to have the benefits of a just society.

Question 25

The process of criminal justice begins when a convicted criminal enters the correctional system.

Question 26

A prosecutor can drop charges after filing them. Such a choice is called _____.

Question 27

According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, noninstitutional corrections, which is sometimes called community corrections, includes pardon, probation, and parole activities, correctional administration not directly connectable to institutions, and miscellaneous [activities] not directly related to institutional care.

Question 28

After losing all their available direct appeals, state prisoners may also seek to have their convictions reviewed collaterally in the federal courts via a(n) _____.

Question 29

The criminal justice system does not respond to all crime because of the sheer volume of crime in the United States.

Question 30

An appearance in court prior to trial in a criminal proceeding is called a(n) _____.

Question 31

The collection of all the agencies that perform criminal justice functions is referred to as the _____.

Question 32

_____ is the process by which a court arrives at a decision in a case.

Question 33

A relatively minor violation of the criminal law, such as petty theft or simple assault, punishable by confinement for one year or less is called a(n) _____.

Question 34

A serious criminal offense that is punishable by death or by incarceration in a prison facility for more than a year is called a(n) _____.