Deck 9: Enabling the Organizationdecision Making

Question 1

The structure of a typical organization is similar to a pyramid, with different levels that require one consistent type of information to assist with all managerial decision making.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

A pie chart is a type of graph in which a circle is divided into sectors that each represent a proportion of the whole.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

A time-series chart is a chart is a graphical representation showing change of a variable over time. Time-series charts are used for data that changes continuously, such as stock prices. They allow for a clear visual representation of a change in one variable over a set amount of time.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Streamlining information encompasses all of the information contained within a single business process or unit of work, and its primary purpose is to support the performance of daily operational or structured decisions.

Question 5

MIS support systems rely on models for computational and analytical routines that mathematically express relationships among variables.

Question 6

At the strategic decision-making level, employees develop, control, and maintain core business activities.

Question 7

At the operational level, employees develop, control, and maintain core business activities required to run the day-to-day operations.

Question 8

A sparkline is a small embedded line graph that illustrates a single trend. Sparklines are often used in reports, presentations, dashboards, and scoreboards. They do not include axes or labels; context comes from the related content.

Question 9

Analytics is the science of fact-based decision making.

Question 10

Sensitivity analysis, what-if analysis, optimization analysis, and market basket analysis are the common DSS analysis techniques.

Question 11

Unstructured decisions occur in situations in which no procedures or rules exist to guide decision makers towards the correct choice.

Question 12

An infographic (information graphic) is a representation of information in a graphic format designed to make the data easily understandable at a glance. People use infographics to quickly communicate a message, to simplify the presentation of large amounts of data, to see data patterns and relationships, and to monitor changes in variables over time.

Question 13

A histogram is a graphical display of data using bars of different heights. It is similar to a bar chart, but a histogram groups numbers into ranges.

Question 14

One of the most important and challenging questions confronting managers today is how to lay the foundation for tomorrow's success while competing to win in today's business environment.

Question 15

A bar chart is a chart or graph that presents grouped data with rectangular bars with lengths proportional to the values that they represent.

Question 16

Operational decisions or semistructured decisions arise in situations where established processes offer potential solutions.

Question 17

Asking how many employees are out sick is a type of operational question.

Question 18

Strategic decisions are highly structured decisions.

Question 19

Operational decisions are considered structured decisions.

Question 20

At the operational level, employees are continuously evaluating company operations to hone the firm's abilities to identify, adapt to, and leverage change.

Question 21

A consolidation rotates data to display alternative presentations of the data.

Question 22

Source documents are simplified representations or abstractions of reality.

Question 23

A shopping bot is one of the simplest examples of an intelligent agent.

Question 24

A neural network is a category of efficiency metrics that attempts to measure the way the human brain works.

Question 25

Visualization produces graphical displays of patterns and complex relationships in large amounts of data.

Question 26

Google glass is a wearable computer with an optical head-mounted display (OHMD).

Question 27

Managers use transactional information when making structured decisions at the operational level.

Question 28

Source documents are the original transaction records.

Question 29

Granularity refers to the level of detail in the model or the decision-making process.

Question 30

Fuzzy logic is the process within a genetic algorithm of randomly trying combinations and evaluating the success (or failure) of the outcome.

Question 31

Intelligent systems are various commercial applications of artificial intelligence.

Question 32

Virtual workplace is the viewing of the physical world with computer-generated layers of information added to it.

Question 33

A digital dashboard produces graphical displays of patterns and complex relationships in large amounts of data.

Question 34

A pivot rotates data to display alternative presentations of the data.

Question 35

The manipulation of information to create business intelligence in support of strategic decision making is referred to as OLTP, or online transaction processing.

Question 36

Fuzzy logic is a mathematical method of handling imprecise or subjective information.

Question 37

A model is a simplified representation or abstraction of reality.

Question 38

Investment companies use genetic effectiveness metrics to help in trading decisions.

Question 39

A haptic interface uses technology allowing humans to interact with a computer through bodily sensations and movements-for example, a cell phone vibrating in your pocket. A haptic interface is primarily implemented and applied in virtual reality environments and is used in virtual workplaces to enable employees to shake hands, demonstrate products, and collaborate on projects.

Question 40

Digital dashboards offer consolidation, drill-down, and slice-and-dice capabilities.

Question 41

Virtual reality is a computer-simulated environment that can be a simulation of the real world or an imaginary world.

Question 42

Google glass is a work environment that is not located in any one physical space.

Question 43

Which of the following is a not a type of organizational information system?

A) Executive information system
B) Decisions support system
C) Analysis processing system
D) Transactional processing system

Question 44

Augmented reality is a computer-simulated environment that can be a simulation of the real world or an imaginary world.

Question 45

Augmented reality is a wearable computer with an optical head-mounted display (OHMD).

Question 46

A machine-vision system uses a video camera to capture data and send it to the robot controller. Machine vision is similar in complexity to voice recognition and can be used for handwriting recognition, signature identification, and currency inspection. Two important specifications in any vision system are the sensitivity and the resolution.

Question 47

Machine learning is a type of artificial intelligence that enables computers to both understand concepts in the environment, and also to learn.

Question 48

Which of the following is not considered a challenge facing most managers today?

A) Managerial decisions must be made quickly.
B) Strategic decisions need to be made by applying analysis techniques.
C) Artificial intelligence is required by all managers to be successful.
D) Managerial decisions require large amounts of information to analyze.

Question 49

Weak AI refers to the field of artificial intelligence that works toward providing brainlike powers to AI machines; in effect, it works to make machines as intelligent as the humans.

Question 50

Which of the following is an important challenge facing managers today?

A) Making business decision
B) Solving business problems
C) Competing to win in today's market
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 51

An algorithm refers to a set of instructions that completes a task.

Question 52

Virtual reality is the viewing of the physical world with computer-generated layers of information added to it.

Question 53

Augmented reality is the viewing of the physical world with computer-generated layers of information added to it.

Question 54

Neural networks use technology allowing humans to interact with a computer through bodily sensations and movements-for example, a cell phone vibrating in your pocket.

Question 55

Strong AI machines can still make their own decisions based on reasoning and past sets of data. Most of the AI systems in market today are strong AI.

Question 56

A virtual workplace is a work environment that is not located in any one physical space.

Question 57

What must managers be able to do to compete in today's global marketplace?

A) Make decisions to gain competitive advantages.
B) Make decision that can help forecast future business needs.
C) Make decision that can help forecast future business requirements.
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 58

Mutation is the process within a genetic algorithm of randomly trying combinations and evaluating the success (or failure) of the outcome.

Question 59

Deep learning is a process that employs specialized algorithms to model and study complex datasets; the method is also used to establish relationships among data and datasets.

Question 60

Mutation is a mathematical method of handling imprecise or subjective information.

Question 61

Which of the following key terms represents the types of decisions made at the operational, managerial, and strategic levels of a company?

A) Structured decisions
B) Unstructured decisions
C) Semistructured decisions
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 62

A manager who must implement a loyalty program across 500 hotels would be placed in which category for managerial decision-making challenges?

A) Managers need to analyze large amounts of information.
B) Managers must make decisions quickly.
C) Managers must apply sophisticated analysis techniques, such as Porter's strategies or forecasting, to make strategic decisions.
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 63

Which of the following would you include as decisions and responsibilities typically found at the managerial level of a company?

A) Monthly plans
B) Monthly budgets
C) Weekly schedule
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 64

When evaluating the six-step decision-making process, what occurs during the solution generation step?

A) The process will begin again if the decisions made were incorrect.
B) Definition of the problem as clearly and precisely as possible.
C) Details of every solution possible including ideas that seem farfetched.
D) The solution that best solves the problem is selected.

Question 65

Which of the following would you include as decisions and responsibilities typically found at the operational level of a company?

A) Develop core business activities required to run the day-to-day operations
B) Control core business activities required to run the day-to-day operations
C) Maintain core business activities required to run the day-to-day operations
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 66

Data collection, solution generation, and solution implementation are all concepts associated which of the following processes?

A) The six-step problem-solving process
B) The six-step decision-making process
C) The four-step problem-solving process
D) The four-step decision-making process

Question 67

Which of the following represents the structure of a typical organization?

A) Flat line
B) Pyramid
C) Circle
D) Cube

Question 68

Which of the following is not included in the decision-making process?

A) Data collection
B) Solution benchmarking
C) Solution generation
D) Solution test

Question 69

Which of the following is considered an operational decision or structured decision?

A) Determining how many employees are out sick
B) Determining the impact of last month's marketing campaign
C) Allocating resources to a department for a new system
D) Monitoring performance of a project team

Question 70

When evaluating the six-step decision-making process, what occurs during the problem identification step?

A) The process will begin again if the decisions made were incorrect.
B) Definition of the problem as clearly and precisely as possible.
C) Details of every solution possible including ideas that seem far fetched.
D) The solution that best solves the problem is selected.

Question 71

Which of the following is considered a managerial decision or semistructured decision?

A) Determining how many employees are out sick
B) Determining the impact of last month's marketing campaign
C) Investigating why payroll is having problems running
D) Tracking how much inventory is in the warehouse

Question 72

Which of the following represents the three different levels of a company pyramid from the top to the bottom?

A) Managerial - Strategic - Operational
B) Strategic - Managerial - Operational
C) Operational - Managerial - Strategic
D) Strategic - Operational - Managerial

Question 73

Moira Gray works at a retail store selling sports equipment. Her daily tasks include opening the store, creating the work schedules, processing payroll, overseeing sales and inventory, and training employees. At what level of the organizational pyramid would you categorize Moira?

A) Managerial
B) Operational
C) Strategic
D) Owner

Question 74

At which level do managers develop the overall business strategies and monitor the performance of the organization and the competitive business environment?

A) Operational
B) Strategic
C) Managerial
D) Communications

Question 75

An important customer showing up at a hotel that is fully booked and the reservation is missing would be placed in which category for managerial decision-making challenges?

A) Managers need to analyze large amounts of information.
B) Managers must make decisions quickly.
C) Managers must apply sophisticated analysis techniques, such as Porter's strategies or forecasting, to make strategic decisions.
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 76

When evaluating the six-step decision-making process, what occurs during the solution implementation step?

A) The process will begin again if the decisions made were incorrect.
B) Definition of the problem as clearly and precisely as possible.
C) Details of every solution possible including ideas that seem farfetched.
D) The solution that best solves the problem is selected.

Question 77

Managers who must analyze data from 500 hotels to determine when to discount rooms based on occupancy patterns would be placed in which category for managerial decision-making challenges?

A) Managers need to analyze large amounts of information.
B) Managers must make decisions quickly.
C) Managers must apply sophisticated analysis techniques, such as Porter's strategies or forecasting, to make strategic decisions.
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 78

Which of the following is considered an unstructured decision or strategic decision?

A) Reordering inventory
B) Deciding to enter a new market
C) Creating the employee weekly staffing schedule
D) Creating the employee weekly production schedule

Question 79

When evaluating the six-step decision-making process, what occurs during the solution test step?

A) The process will begin again if the decisions made were incorrect.
B) Definition of the problem as clearly and precisely as possible.
C) Details of every solution possible including ideas that seem farfetched.
D) None of these choices is correct.

Question 80

Review the following key terms. Which one defines an operational decision that involves situations where established processes offer potential solutions?

A) Optimization analysis decision
B) Artificial intelligence decision
C) Structured decision
D) Unstructured decision