Deck 1: Introduction

Question 1

Many of the seeds for what would become sociology were first planted with

A)the American Revolution
B)the French Revolution
C)the Enlightenment
D)the Fall of Rome

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following is true of sociological theories?
A)They are centered upon participant observation.

A)They tend to be more evaluative and critical.
B)They tend to rely purely on statistics.
C)They tend to rely on ethnographies only.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Social facts are true because:

A)they can be proven so
B)rational thinking is key
C)we interpret them using pre-existing categories and assumptions
D)they are pre-determined

Answer 3

C B

Question 4

According to the authors' metatheoretical actors seen as relatively free to reproduce the patterns and routines of social life is categorized as

A)Rational
B)Collective
C)Nonrational
D)Individual

Question 5

Which of the following is not true of scientific theories?

A)Theory is a system of generalized statements or propositions about phenomena
B)They explain and predict phenomena in question
C)They produce testable and thus falsifiable hypotheses
D)Theories are known scientifically as dependent variables

Question 6

When a student starts thinking and writing about material presented in a secondary reading, she is how many steps removed from the original text?

A)one
B)two
C)three
D)four

Question 7

Which concept asks what accounts for the patterns or predictability of behavior that lead us to experience social life as routine?

A)rational
B)order
C)nonrational
D)action

Question 8

The thing to remember about facts is that

A)they are only applicable to hard sciences
B)they are based upon implicit assumptions
C)facts are universally accepted
D)facts are mathematically derived

Question 9

Which of the following individuals is not traditionally associated with the ideas of the Enlightenment?

A)Copernicus
B)Newton
C)Rousseau
D)Galileo

Question 10

One of the concepts developed during the time of the Enlightenment included

A)verstehen
B)the civil society
C)religious conservatism
D)anomic society

Question 11

According to the authors' metatheoretical framework action guided by norms, values, morals, traditions is considered

A)Rational
B)Collective.
C)Nonrational.
D)Individual.

Question 12

When a person takes her bearings more from forces outside herself than from internalized forces, we would label this as:

A)individualist
B)rational
C)collectivist
D)nonrational

Question 13

Theory is vital to making sense of social life because

A)it holds assorted observations and facts together
B)you can't do science without it
C)sociological law states you must
D)social life is based solely on theory

Question 14

Who was the most instrumental in laying the groundwork for the emerging discipline of sociology?

A)Emile Durkheim
B)Karl Marx
C)Max Weber
D)Auguste Comte

Question 15

Which founding father of sociology, in response to the Industrial Revolution, compared modern society to an "iron cage"?

A)Karl Marx
B)Emile Durkheim
C)Auguste Comte
D)Max Weber

Question 16

Your authors do not provide which of the following when constructing a framework for the introductory chapter as a means for students to comprehend classical sociological theory?

A)how
B)why
C)when
D)who

Question 17

The perspective that pictures society as an overarching system that works down on individuals and groups to determine the shape of the social order is called:

A)individualist
B)nonrational
C)collectivist
D)rational

Question 18

The authors' metatheoretical framework is built around the questions of

A)solidarity and isolation
B)order and action
C)power and submission
D)cognition and emotion

Question 19

Who coined the term "sociology"?

A)Emile Durkheim
B)Karl Marx
C)Max Weber
D)Auguste Comte

Question 20

What theorist is mentioned when critiques of capitalism are discussed:

A)Auguste Comte
B)Max Weber
C)Emile Durkheim
D)Karl Marx

Question 21

It is true that original texts are usually too hard for students to decipher.

Question 22

Our everyday life is filled with theories as we seek to understand the world around us.

Question 23

The Enlightenment was not so much a fixed set of ideas, but a new attitude, a new method of thought.

Question 24

Which of the following is true of the metatheoretical framework?

A)It is a handy mirror for reality.
B)It helps to compare and contrast theorists.
C)Theorists are defined by one quadrant only.
D)Theories are one-dimensional always.

Question 25

In general, it is relatively easy to fashion universal laws to explain societal dynamics.

Question 26

Rousseau believed both in the social contract and that rationality by itself left an individual lifeless, cold, and uncertain.

Question 27

The four coordinates used in the authors' table of theorists' basic orientation should be considered by the student as:

A)real statistical points
B)pure points
C)ideal types
D)fixed points

Question 28

Your authors argue that most scholars, researchers, and students view these theorists in exactly the same light, thus validating the fixed points of the theorists' basic orientation table.

Question 29

Sociologists tend to be interested not only in understanding the workings of society, but also in realizing a more just or equitable social order.

Question 30

Theory is a system of generalized statements or propositions about phenomena.

Question 31

Sociology's founding fathers' work emphasized rational thought and objective methodology; leaving little room for subjective and humanistic concerns.

Question 32

Sociology reflects a complex mix of Enlightenment and counter-Enlightenment ideas

Question 33

In which quadrant would we find the reason of "fear of getting a ticket" to the red light question?

A)collective nonrational
B)individual rational
C)collective rational
D)individual nonrational

Question 34

Define theory and its use in science.

Question 35

In answer to the sample question posed in the chapter, "Why do people stop at red lights?" which quadrant would say it is both a habit and it is good and right to follow the law?

A)collective nonrational
B)individual rational
C)collective rational
D)individual nonrational

Question 36

Secondary texts do not merely translate what the theorist wrote into simpler terms; rather, in order to simplify, they must revise what an author has said.

Question 37

So-called facts are based on implicit assumptions and unacknowledged presuppositions.

Question 38

The rise of science and empiricism in the mid-seventeenth century would give birth to sociology.

Question 39

Your textbook argues Abdel Rahman Ibn-Khaldun, Confucius, and Aristotle can best be understood as pre-modern sociologists.

Question 40

The primary domain of sociology according to Durkheim is social facts.

Question 41

Define and briefly explain both the Enlightenment and counter-Enlightenment. In addition, explain how each of sociology's founding fathers' work embodies both movements.

Question 42

Discuss the role Durkheim played in the formation of sociology.

Question 43

What role does social media play in society, today? Be specific.

Question 44

Define and explain the question of action.

Question 45

Define and explain the question of order.

Question 46

Discuss how the digital revolution of the late 20^th century has affected both society and the ways we
continue to study society. Do you feel the digital revolution has impacted society and sociology to the same extent as the Industrial Revolution? Why or why not?

Question 47

First, briefly explain the Industrial Revolution's impact on the birth of sociology. Discuss the role that this era played in the development of sociology while applying sociological concepts to your discussion.

Question 48

Why is it important to read primary works?

Question 49

Explain the distinction between sociological theories and those from the other branches of science.

Question 50

Explain the Industrial Revolution's impact on sociology.

Question 51

Discuss the Enlightenment and its impact on sociology.

Question 52

Define theories and explain how they differ from ideas found in religion and philosophy. Next, use these definitions as a foundation for the contemporary debate about evolution, "intelligent design" and the separation between church and state in U.S. schools.

Question 53

When we now study society we must study both the "real" and "virtual" worlds we inhabit. Is there a clear distinction between these worlds? - or are they becoming one and the same? Explain your answer.

Question 54

List and define each of the authors' four coordinates of action and order for mapping theory, then create a question regarding an activity in our society, covered in class, and provide the possible answers or reasons for this activity by utilizing each of the four coordinates.

Question 55

Explain the social nature of facts.

Question 56

Define the term "social facts" and using examples, like your own life as a framework, briefly describe the "social facts" present in your own life, and how they operate. You may use another subject matter if you do not feel comfortable using your own life.

Question 57

Explain the connection between reason and science.