Deck 4: Hemoglobin Function and Principles of Hemolysis

Question 1

How many genes are responsible for the productions of alpha chains?

A)Two
B)One
C)Three
D)Four

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Epsilon and zeta chains are part of which of the following hemoglobins?

A)Hemoglobin Portland
B)Hemoglobin F
C)Hemoglobin A
D)Hemoglobin A₂

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of the following factors will result in an immediate increase in oxygen delivery to the tissues?

A)Increased pH
B)Increased altitude
C)Increased 2,3-DPG
D)Increased carboxyhemoglobin

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Fetal hemoglobin consists of which of the following chains?

A)α₂β₂
B)α₂γ₂
C)α₂δ₂
D)α₂ε₂

Question 5

Hemoglobin begins to be synthesized at the polychromatophilic stage of red blood cell development.

Question 6

Which organ(s) is(are) the most affected during extravascular lysis?

A)Liver and spleen
B)Kidneys
C)Pancreas
D)Heart

Question 7

Each hemoglobin molecule consists of ____ globin structures.

A)two
B)four
C)six
D)eight

Question 8

________ may be seen in intravascular hemolysis but not in extravascular hemolysis.

A)Hemoglobinuria
B)Splenomegaly
C)Increased LDH
D)Elevated serum bilirubin

Question 9

Intrinsic red cell defects that can lead to hemolysis include:

A)Environmental effects
B)Inherited deficiencies
C)A shift in pH
D)A decrease in G6PD

Question 10

Which of the following abnormal hemoglobins will result in a cyanotic condition?

A)Sulfhemoglobin
B)Cyanmethemoglobin
C)Hemoglobin F
D)Hemoglobin M

Question 11

Each hemoglobin molecule consists of four ____ .

A)alpha chain molecules
B)beta chain molecules
C)heme molecules with with Fe²⁺
D)heme molecules with Fe³⁺

Question 12

Abnormal hemoglobins have a lower affinity for oxygen.

Question 13

Ninety percent of in vivo hemolysis is intravascular.

Question 14

When iron is present in an oxidized state as Fe⁺³ or ferric iron, the resulting hemoglobin is known as:

A)Methemoglobin
B)Carboxyhemoglobin
C)Sulfhemoglobin
D)Deoxyhemoglobin

Question 15

Oxygen delivery is the primary purpose of hemoglobin.

Question 16

What percentage of hemoglobin is synthesized in the reticulocyte stage?

A)65%
B)95%
C)35%
D)45%

Question 17

Physiological conditions in the body that can decrease hemoglobin's oxygen affinity include:

A)Increased pH
B)Decreased 2,3-DPG
C)Increased body temperature
D)The presence of abnormal hemoglobins

Question 18

Which of the following variables affect how the hemoglobin molecule either holds on to or releases oxygen?

A)Amount of alpha or beta chains
B)Relationship between the pulmonary and venous circulations
C)Viscosity of the blood
D)Ferritin levels

Question 19

Which of the following clinical conditions is a definitive sign of intravascular lysis?

A)Bilirubinemia
B)Decreased RBC count
C)Hemoglobinuria
D)Elevated LDH

Question 20

Which of the following is not a normal adult hemoglobin?

A)Hgb A
B)Hgb Portland
C)Hgb F
D)Hgb A₂