Deck 11: The Future of Training and Development

Question 1

________ involves collecting information about users' activities, analyzing patterns, and understanding how these patterns link to business outcomes.

A) Social network analysis
B) Artificial intelligence
C) Tin Can API
D) Big data

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Time Warner Cable's leadership development program that spanned over 30 days and included weekly videos, practice exercises, and a two-hour webinar was discussed in the text as an example of which of the following?

A) an application of advances in neuroscience to training
B) using gamification to enhance learning
C) using big data to analyze training compliance
D) tracking training through a learning records store (LRS)

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a common RID strategy?

A) ensuring that instructional content and process are developed simultaneously
B) adapting existing materials
C) developing a learning system instead of an instructional system
D) combining steps of the process

Answer 3

A

Question 4

As discussed in the text, "Coach Otter" and "Star Coach" are examples of ________.

A) artificial intelligence
B) augmented reality
C) wearables
D) internet of things (IoT)

Question 5

A Fitbit in an example of ________.

A) a wearable
B) augmented reality
C) gamification
D) Tin Can API

Question 6

Which of the following is a criticism of the traditional training design model?

A) The trainer is the least important component of the design.
B) It is a linear approach driven by subject-matter experts.
C) It assumes that training content is unstable.
D) It takes very little time compared to the rapid instructional design model.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT one of the major skills and competencies discussed in the chapter needed for trainers to be successful?

A) Designing learning in technology-driven environments
B) Using multimedia tools
C) Delivering training in different formats for beginners and experts
D) Repurposing live instruction to online instruction

Question 8

Which of the following statements is false regarding cloud computing?

A) Cloud computing allows employees to more easily access information and training.
B) Cloud data can be used to store learning data in a "warehouse."
C) Cloud computing enhances artificial intelligence (AI).
D) Cloud computing allows for greater access to workforce analytics tools.

Question 9

Which of the following statements is true of rapid instructional design (RID)?

A) Resources that are devoted to design and delivery of instruction cannot be reallocated.
B) Instructional content and process can be developed independently of each other.
C) Rapid instructional design is a self-serviced, modifiable, and on-demand computing system that provides information technology infrastructure over a network.
D) Rapid instructional design refers to a company that provides software for a specific application.

Question 10

________ emphasizes repeated small steps, rather than moving through the linear step-by-step process (analysis through evaluation) of developing learning.

A) Rapid instructional design (RID)
B) Micro-development
C) Agile development
D) Fluid training design

Question 11

Which of the following statements is false?

A) Jobs involving finance and accounting may be automated.
B) Jobs involving food service will unlikely be automated.
C) Automation will require that many employees retrain.
D) Many individuals could lose their jobs due to automation.
E) None of the above are correct.

Question 12

________ is a specification for learning technology that makes it possible to collect data about an employee's or a team's online and face-to-face learning experiences.

A) Gamification
B) Tin Can API
C) Training Technology Enhancement
D) Artificial Intelligence

Question 13

In which jobs is automation likely?

A) jobs that are unpredictable
B) jobs involving management
C) jobs involving exercising creativity
D) jobs involving processing data
E) none of the above

Question 14

Robots and artificial intelligence (AI) are currently doing 20 percent of work today.

Question 15

It has been estimated that online technology will replace most live instruction by the year 2030.

Question 16

Regarding the implications of neuroscience for training, which of the following is NOT true?

A) Learners have to eliminate distractions.
B) Learners need to make their own connections to new ideas.
C) Emotional stimulation should be minimized.
D) None of the answers are correct.

Question 17

All of the following are examples of RID strategies except ________.

A) combining different steps of the design process, such as analysis and evaluation
B) conducting separate analyses of training needs and learning outcomes
C) developing instruction around job aides
D) using shortcuts, such as existing records, for needs assessment

Question 18

Which of the following is a trend in the delivery of training?

A) a reduction in the number of courses that do not directly address a business need
B) more training delivered through massed practice
C) training courses of shorter duration
D) both a and c
E) all of the above

Question 19

A ________ collects and stores learning experiences in the form of statements that can be organized and presented in a meaningful way.

A) Learning Records Store (LRS)
B) Learning Management System (LMS)
C) Social Network Support System (SNSS)
D) Just-in-Time Learning System (JITLS)

Question 20

The difference between formal training programs and embedded learning is that ________.

A) embedded learning focuses more on long-term competencies
B) formal training programs include task-specific content
C) formal training programs focus on providing short-term knowledge
D) embedded learning focuses on learning on the job on an as-needed basis

Question 21

In rapid instructional design (RID), the resources that are devoted to design and delivery of instruction cannot be reallocated.

Question 22

Managers are demanding training courses that are longer and that focus on holistic development.

Question 23

Gamification involves smart eyewear and camera technology that gives employees hands-free, voice-activated access to procedures and checklists.

Question 24

Social networking platforms will likely become a greater part of learning management systems.

Question 25

One principle of rapid instructional design (RID) that is retained from the traditional instruction design model is that the development of instructional content and process must be in close coordination.

Question 26

In the wake of increased automation, the U.S. may have to consider implementing a large scale education initiative similar to the GI Bill of 1944 to help individuals learn new knowledge and skills.

Question 27

Gamification appeals to Baby Boomers' expectations that learning is quick and available at their fingertips.

Question 28

It is estimated that 15% of the global workforce could be displaced by the adoption of automation by the year 2030.

Question 29

Artificial Intelligence (AI) learning bots can be used by training managers to analyze matches (or mismatches) between roles and tasks to identify learning needs.

Question 30

Researchers have shown that whether an idea can be easily recalled is linked to the strength of activating the frontal lobe during a learning task.

Question 31

While cloud computing can make it easier for employees to access in-house training content, it does not allow for greater access to training programs from outside vendors and educational institutions.

Question 32

It is estimated that six out of ten current occupations have more than 50% of work activities that can be automated using technology.

Question 33

Just-in-time learning is also known as embedded learning.

Question 34

A Learning Records Store (LRS) can be used to show the relationship between learning experiences and business outcomes.

Question 35

While technology has contributed many advances in training and development, the cost of technology continues to increase due to demand.

Question 36

In rapid instructional design (RID), it is acceptable to skip steps in the instructional design process.

Question 37

IoT devices refer to "smart devices" that help make learning a continuous, ongoing, personalized experience.

Question 38

Advances in neuroscience research have demonstrated that long-term information recall is enhanced when individuals learn information over several time periods rather than all at once.

Question 39

Automation is thought to soon replace jobs requiring complex decision-making processes.

Question 40

With a Learning Records Store (LRS), employees can have their own "personal lockers" to store their personal learning histories.

Question 41

What are wearables? Discuss how they might be useful for training and learning.

Question 42

Describe the skills and competencies discussed in the chapter that are needed for trainers to be successful now and in the future.

Question 43

One strategy that companies will use to develop the skills they need and help employees advance their careers is offering training as a component of benefit packages.

Question 44

Describe what is meant by rapid instructional design (RID), and provide examples of RID strategies.

Question 45

While big data may be useful for understanding what needs to be taught, big data are unlikely to be valuable for identifying how employees learn.

Question 46

Discuss how training program design is being influenced by neuroscience research.

Question 47

Big data can be useful for identifying experts and leaders in social networks.

Question 48

Due to technological advances in training, the current education-to-employment system is preparing students well for the 21^st-century economy.

Question 49

Explain the term just-in-time learning (embedded learning). Why will it be increasingly prevalent in the future?

Question 50

To cope with the skills gap, more and more companies are hiring individuals based on the degrees they hold rather than based on the skills they have.

Question 51

Barriers between business and educational institutions make it difficult for many employees to update their skills for their current jobs or another career.

Question 52

Cloud computing provides employee access to applications and information from smartphones and tablets.