Deck 2: Quality Theory

Question 1

The "14 points for management" were articulated by ________.

A) Philip Crosby
B) Joseph M. Juran
C) Genichi Taguchi
D) W. Edwards Deming
E) Armand Feigenbaum

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The "why" of a theory is the theoretical model that holds the model together.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The ________ of a theoretical model involves which variables or factors are included in the model.

A) why
B) what
C) how
D) who-where-when
E) which

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The "what" of a theoretical model involves the nature, direction, and extent of the relationship among variables.

Question 5

An arrow pointing from an independent variable to a dependent variable in a theoretical model typically implies causality.

Question 6

Which of the following points for management devised by Deming involves the management committing resources to ensure that the quality job is completed?

A) constantly improve the system
B) eliminate work standards
C) improve leadership
D) adopt a new philosophy
E) create constancy of purpose

Question 7

The ________ of a theoretical model is the theoretical glue that holds the model together.

A) why
B) what
C) how
D) who-where-when
E) which

Question 8

Using deduction, researchers propose a model based on prior research, and design an experiment to test the theoretical model.

Question 9

Deming believed that poor quality resulted from ________.

A) poor management of the system for continual improvement
B) poor human resource management
C) consumer complacency
D) a lack of commitment on the part of management
E) poor engineering and design

Question 10

Researchers use ________ to propose a model based on prior research, and design an experiment to test the theoretical model.

A) supposition
B) deduction
C) induction
D) simulation
E) abstraction

Question 11

________ minimizes the number of suppliers used, resulting in decreased variability.

A) Parallel processing
B) Single source purchasing
C) Management by objective
D) In-process management
E) Constancy of purpose

Question 12

Define theory. Provide an example of the use of theory in a business organization.

Question 13

A coherent group of general propositions used as principles of explanation for a class of phenomena is referred to as a(n) ________.

A) postulate
B) axiom
C) theory
D) corollary
E) hypothesis

Question 14

The four elements of a theory are what, how, why, and who-where-when.

Question 15

________ means that all workers are responsible for their own work and perform necessary inspections at each stage of the process to maintain process control.

A) Quality at the source
B) In-process management
C) Constancy of purpose
D) Parallel processing
E) Just-in-time approach

Question 16

The ________ of a theoretical model involves the nature, direction, and extent of the relationship among the variables.

A) why
B) what
C) how
D) who-where-when
E) which

Question 17

The ________ of a theoretical model is responsible for placing contextual bounds on the theory.

A) why
B) what
C) how
D) who-where-when
E) which

Question 18

A theory that is generated by observation and description is said to have been developed by the process of deduction.

Question 19

An arrow pointing from an independent variable to a dependent variable in a theoretical model typically implies ________.

A) causality
B) normality
C) randomness
D) proactivity
E) synergy

Question 20

A theory that is generated by observation and description is said to have been developed by the process of ________.

A) deduction
B) abstraction
C) simulation
D) induction
E) supposition

Question 21

What is the primary contribution of Philip Crosby?

A) the concept of benchmarking
B) his assertion that the entire organization should be involved in improving quality
C) the zero-defects approach to quality improvement
D) his emphasis on total involvement of the operating employees in improving quality
E) the quality loss function and the concept of robust design

Question 22

Quality loss function and robust design are concepts included in ________.

A) Ishikawa's quality philosophy
B) the Taguchi method
C) Deming's 14 points for management
D) the Juran trilogy
E) Pareto's law

Question 23

________ is also called the 80/20 rule.

A) Ishikawa's quality philosophy
B) Pareto's law
C) Juran trilogy
D) Taguchi method
E) Deming's points for management

Question 24

The driving force of the Century of Productivity was the movement known as ________.

A) total quality management
B) statistical process control
C) human resource management
D) scientific management
E) behavioral modification

Question 25

________ proposed "The 19 steps of Total Quality Control."

A) Philip Crosby
B) W. Edwards Deming
C) Joseph M. Juran
D) Genichi Taguchi
E) Armand Feigenbaum

Question 26

According to Juran, ________ is a process-related activity that ensures processes are stable and provides a relatively consistent outcome.

A) control
B) organizing
C) planning
D) improvement
E) scheduling

Question 27

The theory of scientific management was proposed by ________.

A) Frederick W. Taylor
B) Joseph M. Juran
C) Philip Crosby
D) W. Edwards Deming
E) Kaoru Ishikawa

Question 28

What is the primary contribution of Armand Feigenbaum?

A) the concept of benchmarking
B) his assertion that the entire organization should be involved in improving quality
C) the zero-defects approach to quality improvement
D) his emphasis on total involvement of the operating employees in improving quality
E) the quality loss function and the concept of robust design

Question 29

What are the three aspects of Juran's trilogy?

A) planning, control, and improvement
B) cost, quality, and customer satisfaction
C) labor, management, and system
D) organizing, management, and control
E) leadership, cost, and quality

Question 30

________ is credited with democratizing statistics.

A) Armand Feigenbaum
B) Joseph M. Juran
C) Genichi Taguchi
D) Philip Crosby
E) Kaoru Ishikawa

Question 31

What is the major theoretical contribution of Kaoru Ishikawa?

A) the concept of benchmarking
B) his assertion that the entire organization should be involved in improving quality
C) the zero-defects approach to quality improvement
D) his emphasis on total involvement of the operating employees in improving quality
E) the quality loss function and the concept of robust design

Question 32

According to Juran, the language of things pertains to ________.

A) quality inspectors
B) managers
C) workers
D) quality managers
E) engineers

Question 33

What are the three steps proposed by Feigenbaum to improve quality?

A) quality inspection, quality accountability, and quality control
B) quality leadership, quality technology, and organizational commitment
C) employee empowerment, total quality management, and statistical process control
D) self-directed work teams, employee empowerment, and total quality management
E) quality leadership, quality management, and total quality control

Question 34

Which of the following points for management devised by Deming encourages parallel processing in focused teams?

A) constantly improve the system
B) create constancy of purpose
C) institute education and self-improvement
D) adopt a new philosophy
E) break down barriers between departments

Question 35

________ improvement implies that the process has been studied and that some major improvement has resulted in large, nonrandom improvement to the process.

A) Ongoing
B) Progressive
C) Successive
D) Continuous
E) Breakthrough

Question 36

What is the primary contribution of Genichi Taguchi?

A) the concept of benchmarking
B) his assertion that the entire organization should be involved in improving quality
C) the zero-defects approach to quality improvement
D) his emphasis on total involvement of the operating employees in improving quality
E) the quality loss function and the concept of robust design

Question 37

Juran teaches that improvement in organizations is accomplished on a ________ basis.

A) project-by-project
B) trial-by-trial
C) process-by-process
D) production-by-production
E) case-by-case

Question 38

________ refers to a process of setting annual goals, typically during a performance appraisal, that are binding to the employee.

A) Just-in-time approach
B) Management by objective
C) In-process management
D) Parallel processing
E) Constancy of purpose

Question 39

________ was responsible for the development and dissemination of the basic seven tools of quality.

A) Kaoru Ishikawa
B) Philip Crosby
C) Genichi Taguchi
D) Armand Feigenbaum
E) Joseph M. Juran

Question 40

According to Juran, the language of management is ________.

A) labor
B) quality
C) money
D) performance
E) improvement

Question 41

Just-in-time purchasing increases the number of suppliers used, resulting in increased variability.

Question 42

Michael Hammer and James Champy are most closely identified with ________.

A) statistical process control
B) reengineering
C) total quality management
D) benchmarking
E) Six Sigma quality

Question 43

________ is the principle pioneer of benchmarking.

A) Robert C. Camp
B) Tom Peters
C) Michael Hammer
D) James Champy
E) Stephen R. Covey

Question 44

According to Deming, poor quality was the fault of labor.

Question 45

________ refers to a reference point for determining the quality level of a product or service.

A) Quality of conformance
B) Hothouse quality
C) Quality loss function
D) Specific quality
E) Ideal quality

Question 46

The three aspects of the Juran trilogy are planning, control, and improvement.

Question 47

The Taguchi concept of ________ states that products and services should be designed so that they are inherently defect-free and of high quality.

A) homoscedasticity
B) robust design
C) quality loss function
D) ideal quality
E) design conformance

Question 48

According to the theory of scientific management, the managers and engineers should be responsible for planning and executing the plans.

Question 49

Deming proposes the need for mass inspection to improve quality.

Question 50

Quality at the source means that all workers are responsible for their own work and perform needed inspections at each stage of the process to maintain process control.

Question 51

Breakthrough improvement implies the process has been studied and that some major improvement has resulted in large nonrandom improvement to the process.

Question 52

Just-in-time purchasing involves the usage of long-term contracts that result in the ability to develop and certify suppliers.

Question 53

The theory of scientific management was proposed by Joseph Juran.

Question 54

Constancy of purpose means that management commits resources in order to achieve quick returns and bottom-line results.

Question 55

Fast design cycles are a result of the departmental approach to design.

Question 56

Control involves gathering data about a process to ensure the process is consistent.

Question 57

Deming stressed the need for work standards on the factory floor.

Question 58

Management by objective refers to a process of setting annual goals that are binding on the employee.

Question 59

________ is best known for his book, The 7 Highly Effective People.

A) Robert C. Camp
B) Tom Peters
C) Michael Hammer
D) James Champy
E) Stephen R. Covey

Question 60

W. Edwards Deming enumerated the 14 points for management.

Question 61

Discuss the contributions of Armand Feigenbaum to quality thinking.

Question 62

Feigenbaum's three-step process to improve quality include quality leadership, quality technology, and organizational commitment.

Question 63

Hothouse quality refers to quality programs that receive a lot of hoopla and no follow-through.

Question 64

State Deming's 14 points for management.

Question 65

The Taguchi concept of robust design states that products and services should be designed so that they are inherently defect-free and of high quality.

Question 66

Discuss the contributions of Kaoru Ishikawa to quality thinking.

Question 67

Michael Hammer and James Champy are most closely identified with reengineering.

Question 68

The major theoretical contribution of Ishikawa is his emphasis on total involvement of the operating employees in improving quality.

Question 69

Tom Peters is the principle pioneer of benchmarking.

Question 70

Differentiate between control and breakthrough with an example.

Question 71

Describe Pareto analysis.

Question 72

According to Kaoru Ishikawa, the ideal state of quality control is when inspection is no longer necessary.

Question 73

Discuss the contributions of Philip Crosby to quality theory.

Question 74

Kaoru Ishikawa is credited with democratizing statistics.

Question 75

Quality loss function and robust design are concepts included in Ishikawa's quality philosophy.

Question 76

Robert C. Camp's approach to management is value-based in that he proposes that people in management live a life that balances professional with personal and spiritual growth.

Question 77

The Taguchi method provides a method for adjusting the mean of a process by optimizing controllable variables.

Question 78

Discuss the contributions of W. Edwards Deming to quality thinking.

Question 79

The zero-defects approach to quality improvement was proposed by Armand Feigenbaum.

Question 80

Ideal quality refers to a reference point for determining the quality level of a product or service.