Deck 5: Chemical Quantities and Introduction to Reactions

Question 1

When two aqueous solutions of barium chloride (BaCl₂)and copper sulfate (CuSO₄)are combined, insoluble barium sulfate (BaSO₄)forms leaving copper chloride (CuCl₂)in solution.What type of reaction is this?

A) combination
B) decomposition
C) single replacement
D) double replacement
E) oxidation-reduction

Answer 1

double replacement

Question 2

A decomposition reaction is the reverse of a _________ reaction.

A) combustion
B) combination
C) composition
D) oxidation
E) replacement

Answer 2

combination

Question 3

The only strong acid produced by the body is ______.

A) The body does not produce any strong acids.
B) H₂SO₄
C) HNO₃
D) H₃PO₄
E) HCl

Answer 3

HCl

Question 4

A molecule of oxygen, O₂, has a molar mass of 32.00 g/mol.What is the mass of 4.52 × 10²³ O₂ molecules?

A) 24 g
B) 5.52 × 10²³ amu
C) 5.52 × 10²³ g
D) 0.75 g
E) 0.23 g

Question 5

Which of the following statements describes the processes that can occur during reduction? I.Loss of electrons
II)Gain of electrons
III)Loss of oxygens
IV)Loss of hydrogens

A) II only
B) I only
C) I and III
D) II and IV
E) II and III

Question 6

Pentane (C₅H₁₂)reacts with oxygen gas (O₂)to form carbon dioxide (CO₂)and water (H₂O)according to the following reaction.What is the coefficient for oxygen in the balanced equation? C₅H₁₂ + ?O₂ → ?CO₂ + ?H₂O

A) 2
B) 4
C) 5
D) 6
E) 8

Question 7

The balanced equation for the reaction of nitrogen and hydrogen to form ammonia is given below.What do the numbers in front of the molecules (the coefficients)mean? N₂ + 3 H₂ → 2 NH₃

A) Three moles of H₂ react with one mole of N₂ to give two moles of NH₃.
B) Three grams of H₂ react with one gram of N₂ to give two grams of NH₃.
C) Three atoms of H react with one atom of N to give two molecules of NH₃.
D) Two grams of N react with six grams of H to give eight grams of NH₃.
E) All of the above are correct representations.

Question 8

What is the primary relationship between a chemical reaction and a chemical equation?

A) There is no relationship between a chemical reaction and a chemical equation.
B) A chemical equation is the written representation of a chemical reaction.
C) A chemical equation follows the law of conservation of mass but a chemical reaction does not.
D) A chemical equation shows the proportion of reactants and products but a chemical reaction does not necessarily reflect those proportions.
E) Chemical equations and chemical reactions are exactly the same thing.

Question 9

Pentane (C₅H₁₂)reacts with oxygen gas (O₂)to form carbon dioxide (CO₂)and water (H₂O)according to the following reaction.What is the coefficient for water in the balanced equation? C₅H₁₂ + ?O₂ → ?CO₂ + ?H₂O

A) 2
B) 4
C) 5
D) 6
E) 8

Question 10

How many molecules of chlorine must be added to one molecule of acetylene to result in one molecule of the product shown?

A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3
E) 4

Question 11

What does it mean for mass to be conserved?

A) Mass is neither created nor destroyed in the course of a chemical reaction.
B) Mass is a valuable resource and should not be wasted.
C) Molecules do not degrade under normal circumstances.
D) Atoms sometimes disappear over the course of a chemical reaction.
E) Atoms sometimes appear, disappear, or are changed over the course of a chemical reaction.

Question 12

Jane Doe has a cholesterol (C₂₇H₄₆O)count of 178 mg/dL.You would like to calculate the number of cholesterol molecules that Jane Doe has in each deciliter of blood.Which of the following calculations is used to solve this problem?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 13

If Jane Doe has a blood carbon dioxide concentration of 0.022 mol/L, how many carbon dioxide molecules are in each liter of her blood?

A) 3.7 × 10^-26
B) 0.022
C) 1.32 × 10²²
D) 6.02 × 10²³
E) 2.7 × 10²⁵

Question 14

Pentane (C₅H₁₂)reacts with oxygen gas (O₂)to form carbon dioxide (CO₂)and water (H₂O)according to the following reaction.What is the coefficient for carbon dioxide in the balanced equation? C₅H₁₂ + ?O₂ → ?CO₂ + ?H₂O

A) 2
B) 4
C) 5
D) 6
E) 8

Question 15

Under what circumstances is mass conserved?

A) Mass is conserved only in the laboratory.
B) Mass is conserved only theoretically.
C) Mass is conserved everywhere except the human body.
D) Mass is conserved in nature but not in the laboratory.
E) Mass is conserved during all chemical reactions.

Question 16

What type of reaction occurs when hydrogen peroxide reacts to give water and oxygen? 2 H₂O₂ (l)→ 2 H₂O (l)+ O₂ (g)

A) combination
B) decomposition
C) single replacement
D) double replacement
E) oxidation-reduction

Question 17

Calculate the mass of one mole of fluoxetine, an antidepressant with the chemical formula C₁₇H₁₈F₃NO.

A) 6.02 × 10²³ g
B) 309 g
C) 162 g
D) 48.0 g
E) 40.0 g

Question 18

If Jane Doe has a blood glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆)concentration of 0.102 g/dL, how many glucose molecules does she have in each deciliter of blood?

A) 3.41 × 10²⁶
B) 3.41 × 10²³
C) 3.41 × 10²⁰
D) 6.41 × 10²²
E) 5.67 × 10^-4

Question 19

Calculate the mass of one mole of dopamine, a neurotransmitter with the molecular formula C₈H₁₁NO₂.

A) 22.0 g
B) 43.0 g
C) 82.0 g
D) 153 g
E) 164 g

Question 20

Which of these figures illustrate chemical reactions? ​

A) All of these are chemical reactions.
B) Only I and II are chemical reactions.
C) Only I and III are chemical reactions.
D) Only II and III are chemical reactions.
E) None of these figures represent chemical reactions.

Question 21

The balanced chemical equation for the combustion of butane is given below and is the reaction happening when you use a butane lighter.How many grams of O₂ are needed to completely react with 5.0 g of butane? 2 C₄H₁₀ + 13 O₂ → 8 CO₂ + 10 H₂O

A) 0.42 g
B) 2.8 g
C) 6.0 g
D) 9.1 g
E) 18 g

Question 22

Which of the following transformations is a chemical reaction?

A) water boiling
B) burning wood
C) condensation on the outside of a water glass
D) dry ice changing from a solid to a gas
E) evaporation of water from a glass

Question 23

Which of the following statements describes the processes that can occur during oxidation? I.Loss of electrons
II)Gain of electrons
III)Loss of oxygens
IV)Loss of hydrogens

A) I only
B) II only
C) I and III
D) I and IV
E) II and IV

Question 24

Jane Doe has a cholesterol (C₂₇H₄₆O)count of 178 mg/dL.You would like to calculate the number of cholesterol molecules that Jane Doe has in each deciliter of blood.Which of the following unit conversions are required to calculate the number of cholesterol molecules per deciliter?
i.
II.
III.
IV.

A) All of the conversions are needed.
B) I and IV
C) III and IV
D) I, II, and III
E) II, III, and IV

Question 25

How is a nuclear reaction different from a chemical reaction?

A) They are identical.
B) Only in a chemical reaction can atoms change into different atoms.
C) Chemical reactions involve only the nucleus of the atom.
D) Only in a nuclear reaction can atoms change into different atoms.
E) Nuclear reactions release energy and chemical reactions absorb energy.

Question 26

Which of the figures violates the conservation of mass? ​

A) All of these figures violate the conservation of mass.
B) Figure I only
C) Figure II only
D) Figure III only
E) Figures II and III both violate the conservation of mass.

Question 27

The millions of chemical reactions that occur every second in a biological cell are ________________.

A) the cell's metabolic reactions
B) cell death
C) the organism's genetic blueprint
D) digestion
E) unrelated to the processes necessary for life

Question 28

Your friend combines vinegar (which contains acetic acid, CH₃COOH)and baking soda (NaHCO₃)and ends up with a runny foam.Your friend is pretty sure that the reaction produces water and carbon dioxide because the reaction forms bubbles, but he is unsure of what else the reaction produces.Given the partial reaction below, what do you tell your friend? NaHCO₃ + CH₃COOH → H₂O + CO₂ + ?

A) This reaction also produces sodium acetate (CH₃COONa).
B) This reaction also produces methane (CH₄).
C) This reaction also produces O₂.
D) This reaction only produces H₂O and CO₂.
E) This reaction probably produces something else, but it is not possible to determine the identity of the other product(s).

Question 29

How many molecules of glucose are in 1 mole of glucose?

A) 3
B) 24
C) 29
D) 180
E) 6.02 × 10²³

Question 30

The following reaction is an example of a(n)___________ reaction. CH₄ + 2 O₂ → CO₂ + 2 H₂O
I.oxidation-reduction
II.combination
III.combustion

A) I only
B) I and II only
C) III only
D) I and III only
E) I, II, and III

Question 31

What is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction illustrated in Figure I? ​

A) CH₄ + 2 O₂ → 2 H₂O + CO₂
B) CH₄ + O₂ → H₂O + CO₂
C) 2 CH₄ + 4 O₂ → 4 H₂O + 2 CO₂
D) 2 C + 8 H + 8 O → 2 C + 8 H + 8 O
E) C + 4 H + 4 O → C + 4 H + 4 O

Question 32

How many grams of iron are in 1.28 mol of iron?

A) 0.0230 g
B) 20.3 g
C) 33.3 g
D) 43.6 g
E) 71.4 g

Question 33

In the body, glucose is broken down in the presence of oxygen into carbon dioxide and water.The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is shown below.According to this equation, how many molecules of carbon dioxide are produced when three molecules of glucose are metabolized in the presence of 18 moles of oxygen? ​
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ → 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O

A) 0
B) 6
C) 12
D) 18
E) 24

Question 34

How many copper atoms are in 0.5 mol of copper?

A) 6.02 × 10¹²
B) 0.5
C) 3.01 × 10²³
D) 32
E) 3

Question 35

Which of the following characteristics is NOT shared by all combustion reactions?

A) They occur in a combustion engine.
B) They require oxygen.
C) They release water and carbon dioxide.
D) They give off heat.
E) They are a type of oxidation-reduction reaction.

Question 36

How many atoms of magnesium are present in the reactants of this chemical equation? Mg(OH)₂ + 2 HCl → MgCl₂ + 2 H₂O

A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3
E) 4

Question 37

What are the products of the reaction illustrated in Figure I? ​

A) CH₄ and O₂
B) CO₂ and H₂O
C) CH₄ only
D) O₂ only
E) CO₂ only

Question 38

Which statement describes how formula mass and molecular mass differ?

A) A formula mass is measured in atomic mass units, whereas a molecular mass is measured in grams per mole.
B) A formula mass is measured in grams per mole, whereas a molecular mass is measured in atomic mass units.
C) A formula mass is the mass of one formula unit, whereas molecular mass is the mass of one molecule.
D) A formula mass is the mass of one molecule, whereas molecular mass is the mass of one formula unit.
E) There is no difference between these terms.

Question 39

How many atoms of hydrogen are present in the products of this chemical equation? Mg(OH)₂ + 2 HCl → MgCl₂ + 2 H₂O

A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3
E) 4

Question 40

Which of the following is NOT an example of a double displacement reaction?

A) BaSO₄ + CuCl₂ → BaCl₂ + CuSO₄
B) 2 KI (aq) + Pb(NO₃)₂ (aq) → 2 KNO₃ (aq) + PbI₂ (s)
C)
D) CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O
E) NaOH + HCl → H₂O + NaCl

Question 41

Which of the following correctly determines the formula mass of sodium sulfate (Na₂SO₄)?

A) 7 × (23 amu + 32 amu + 16 amu)
B) 2 × 23 amu + 4 × (32 amu + 16 amu)
C) 2 × 23 amu + 32 amu + 4 × 16 amu
D) 2 × 11 amu + 16 amu + 4 × 8 amu
E) 2 × 11 amu + 4 × (16 amu + 8 amu)

Question 42

How many moles of the antibiotic tetracycline (C₂₂H₂₄N₂O₈)are in a 50-mg dose?

A) 8880 mol
B) 22.2 mol
C) 8.88 mol
D) 0.113 mol
E) 1.13 × 10^-4 mol

Question 43

An oxidation-reduction reaction is the transfer of ________.

A) sodium ions
B) phosphate ions
C) protons
D) electrons
E) oxygen atoms

Question 44

Coefficients are important components of chemical equations.What is the significance of coefficients in a chemical equation? I.Coefficients indicate the ratio of masses of molecules.
II)Coefficients indicate the ratio of numbers of atoms and molecules.
III)Coefficients indicate the ratio of numbers of moles of molecules and atoms.

A) I only
B) II only
C) III only
D) I and II
E) II and III

Question 45

The ionic compound CaCO₃ has a formula mass of:

A) 50 g/mol.
B) 50 amu.
C) 100 g/mol.
D) 100 amu.
E) 68.1 amu.

Question 46

In which figure are new O-H bonds being formed? ​

A) Figure I
B) Figure II
C) Figure III
D) Figures I and II
E) Figures I and III

Question 47

The following reaction is an example of a ___________ reaction.

A) combination
B) decomposition
C) single replacement
D) double replacement
E) oxidation-reduction

Question 48

In an oxidation-reduction reaction, the species that loses electrons is _______.

A) oxygen
B) oxidized
C) hydrogen
D) reduced
E) carbon

Question 49

Acetylene (C₂H₂)is a small organic molecule used in the industrial preparation of many other molecules and also in welding.Acetylene is made from calcium carbide (CaC₂)and water and produces acetylene and calcium hydroxide.Which of the following choices is the correct balanced chemical equation for the preparation of acetylene?

A) CaC₂ + H₂O → CaO + C₂H₂
B) CaC₂ + H₂O → Ca(OH)₂ + C₂H₂
C) CaC₂ + 2 H₂O → Ca(OH)₂ + C₂H₂
D) CaC₂ + 2 H₂O → CaO + C₂H₂ + H₂O
E) 2 CaC₂ + H₂O → Ca(OH)₂ + 2 C₂H₂

Question 50

Which of the following is NOT one of the basic types of reactions?

A) ionic
B) combination
C) decomposition
D) single replacement
E) double replacement

Question 51

Which statement BEST describes the following reaction? Fe + Cu²⁺ → Fe²⁺ + Cu

A) In this reaction, both iron and copper are reduced.
B) In this reaction, both iron and copper are oxidized.
C) In this reaction, iron is reduced, and copper is oxidized.
D) In this reaction, iron is oxidized, and copper is reduced.
E) This is not an oxidation-reduction reaction.

Question 52

Which of the following chemical equations is balanced?

A) C₃H₈ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O
B) C₃H₈ + O₂ → 3 CO₂ + 4 H₂O
C) C₃H₈ + 10 O₂ → 3 CO₂ + 4 H₂O
D) C₃H₈ + 5 O₂ → 3 CO₂ + 4 H₂O
E) None of these are balanced.

Question 53

Is this chemical equation balanced? Mg(OH)₂ + 2 HCl → MgCl₂ + 2 H₂O

A) No.The number of magnesiums in the reactants is different from the number in the products.
B) No.The number of hydrogens in the reactants is different from the number in the products.
C) No.The number of oxygens in the reactants is different from the number in the products.
D) No.The number of chlorines in the reactants is different from the number in the products.
E) Yes.The same number of each type of atom is present in the reactants and products.

Question 54

In an oxidation-reduction reaction, the species that gains electrons is _______.

A) oxygen
B) oxidized
C) hydrogen
D) reduced
E) carbon

Question 55

Jane Doe has her cholesterol measured and the resulting lab report gives a value of 0.548 × 10^-3 mol/dL.You know that the normal range of cholesterol (C₂₇H₄₆O)is 0.100-0.240 g/dL.Is Jane Doe's cholesterol within the normal range?

A) No, it is above 0.240 g/dL.
B) No, it is below 0.100 g/dL.
C) Yes, it is between 0.100 g/dL and 0.240 g/dL.
D) Yes, it is above 0.240 g/dL.
E) Yes, it is below 0.100 g/dL.

Question 56

The balanced chemical equation for the combustion of propane (C₃H₈)is given below.How many grams of carbon dioxide (CO₂)are released when 35 g of propane are burned in the presence of excess oxygen? C₃H₈ + 5 O₂ → 3 CO₂ + 4 H₂O

A) 0.80 g
B) 12 g
C) 35 g
D) 105 g
E) 1,500 g

Question 57

Which statement BEST describes the changes that occur over the course of the following oxidation-reduction reaction? Fe + Cu²⁺ → Fe²⁺ + Cu

A) Two electrons are lost.
B) Iron changes into copper.
C) Iron transfers two electrons to copper.
D) Copper transfers two electrons to iron.
E) Two electrons are gained.

Question 58

How many moles is 9.1 × 10²⁴ ions of Na⁺?

A) 5.5 × 10⁴⁸ mol
B) 0.17 mol
C) 1 mol
D) 15 mol
E) 0.67 mol

Question 59

A chemical reaction involves many changes but not everything changes during a reaction.Which of the following is NOT a change that occurs during a chemical reaction?

A) Atoms change in number or identity.
B) Bonds break.
C) Heat is released and/or absorbed.
D) New bonds form.
E) New molecules are formed.

Question 60

Cellular respiration is an example of a(n)___________ reaction.

A) combination
B) decomposition
C) single replacement
D) double replacement
E) oxidation-reduction

Question 61

Which of the following is a consideration in the design of air bags?

A) The chemical reaction must be very fast.
B) The reactants must be stable compounds.
C) The air bag must be able to fit into a small space when not inflated.
D) The chemical reaction must produce a gas.
E) All of the above are considerations.

Question 62

How many moles of carbon are in 27.1 g of carbon?

A) 2.26 mol
B) 325 mol
C) 0.443 mol
D) 5.52 mol
E) 163 mol

Question 63

Which statement BEST describes why we use moles when measuring quantities of atoms and molecules?

A) Moles are used because they are units of mass.
B) Moles are used because a mole is the same as the atomic mass of an element.
C) Moles are used because atoms and molecules are too small to measure singly.
D) Moles are used because atoms and molecules exist in units of moles.
E) Moles are not involved in measuring quantities of atoms and molecules.

Question 64

Which statement describes how molecular mass and molar mass differ?

A) Molecular mass is the mass of one molecule, whereas molar mass is the mass of one mole.
B) Molar mass is measured in atomic mass units, whereas molecular mass is measured in grams per mole.
C) A molar mass is the mass of one formula unit, whereas molecular mass is the mass of one molecule.
D) A molar mass is the mass of one molecule, whereas molecular mass is the mass of one formula unit.
E) There is no difference between these terms.

Question 65

The reaction that occurs in a hydrogen fuel cell is shown below.According to the chemical reaction, the product(s)of the reaction is/are __________, which is one of the benefits of the fuel cell. 2 H₂ (g)+ O₂ (g)→ 2 H₂O (g)

A) carbon dioxide
B) a liquid
C) hydrogen and oxygen
D) hydrogen
E) water

Question 66

Which of the following equations is used to convert 91.0 milligrams of urea (CH₄N₂O)to moles of urea?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 67

What is the mass of one mole of the hydroxide ion (OH^-)?

A) 8 g
B) 15 g
C) 17 g
D) 7 g
E) 5 g

Question 68

Which of the following is NOT indicated by a chemical equation?

A) the formulas of the reactants and products of a chemical reaction
B) the ratio of reactants and products in a chemical reaction
C) how fast a chemical reaction proceeds
D) the quantitative relationship between reactants and products in a chemical reaction
E) the state of matter of reactants and products

Question 69

The balanced equation for the combustion of propane is given below.What do the numbers in front of the molecules (the coefficients)mean? C₃H₈ + 5 O₂ → 3 CO₂ + 4 H₂O

A) Three molecules of CO₂ are produced when one molecule of C₃H₈ reacts with one molecule of O₂.
B) Six molecules of CO₂ are produced when two molecules of C₃H₈ react with two molecules of O₂.
C) Nine moles of CO₂ are produced when three moles of C₃H₈ react with three moles of O₂.
D) Four moles of H₂O are produced when one mole of C₃H₈ reacts with one mole of O₂.
E) All of the above representations are correct.

Question 70

How many carbon atoms are in 1 mole of carbon?

A) 1
B) 12
C) 12.011
D) 6
E) 6.02 × 10²³

Question 71

Is methane (CH₄)undergoing oxidation or reduction during this reaction, and how can you tell? CH₄ + 2 O₂ → CO₂ + 2 H₂O

A) Methane is oxidized because there is an increase in oxygen and a decrease in hydrogen.
B) Methane is reduced because there is an increase in oxygen and a decrease in hydrogen.
C) Methane is oxidized because it becomes a gas.
D) Methane is reduced because water is formed.
E) Methane is reduced because carbon becomes a gas.

Question 72

What type of reaction is the addition of hydrochloric acid (HCl)to propene?

A) combination
B) decomposition
C) single replacement
D) double replacement
E) oxidation-reduction

Question 73

The following reaction is the formation of a peptide from two amino acids, the sort of reaction that occurs in the body as part of the synthesis of proteins.This reaction is missing a component.Which of the following is missing? 2 NH₂CH₂COOH → NH₂CH₂CONHCH₂COOH

A) Nothing is missing.
B) H₂O is missing from the reactant side of the equation.
C) H₂O is missing from the product side of the equation.
D) O₂ is missing from the reactant side of the equation.
E) O₂ is missing from the product side of the equation.

Question 74

Does one mole of the antibiotic penicillin G (C₁₆H₁₈N₂O₄S)weigh more or less than one mole of the antibiotic streptomycin (C₂₁H₃₉N₇O₁₂)?

A) They weigh the same because a mole always has the same mass.
B) They weigh the same because a mole always has the same number of particles in it.
C) Streptomycin weighs more because its individual molecules are larger.
D) Penicillin weighs more because its individual molecules are larger.
E) It is not possible to determine which one would weigh more because mole size varies.

Question 75

What does it mean for a chemical equation to be balanced?

A) A balanced chemical equation describes a chemical reaction found in nature.
B) A balanced chemical equation describes a chemical reaction that produces only some product, so there is an equal amount of reactant and product.
C) A balanced chemical equation contains an equal number of each type of atoms on both sides of the equation.
D) A balanced chemical equation can run either forward or backward.
E) A balanced chemical equation represents a chemical reaction that is part of metabolism.

Question 76

Jane Doe has a cholesterol (C₂₇H₄₆O)count of 178 mg/dL.How many cholesterol molecules does Jane Doe have in each deciliter of blood?

A) 7.64 × 10^-22
B) 1.14 × 10^-22
C) 2.77 × 10²⁰
D) 5.54 × 10²⁵
E) 2.77 × 10²⁶

Question 77

A solution of glucose has 10.00 g glucose (molecular weight = 180.g/mol)in 1.00 L of water.How many molecules of glucose are in 1.00 L of the solution?

A) 0.05 molecules
B) 180 molecules
C) 3.34 ×10²² molecules
D) 6.02 × 10²³ molecules
E) 6.02 × 10²⁴ molecules

Question 78

Hydrogen peroxide loses its potency when it is stored for extended periods of time because it spontaneously breaks down.The following figure illustrates this breakdown, but it is missing a product molecule.Which of the following symbols represents the missing product in this reaction?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 79

The following chemical equation, the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water, is not balanced.What must be done to the equation to make it balanced? 2 H₂O₂(l)→ 2 H₂O(l)

A) Change the coefficients from 2 to 1.
B) Add an atom of oxygen to the products.
C) Add a molecule of O₂ to the products.
D) Change the state of matter in the products.
E) Change the subscripts of H₂O to H₂O₂.

Question 80

What is the meaning of the arrow in the following chemical equation?

A) The reaction mixture increases in temperature.
B) A product is substituted for a reactant.
C) The reactants collide.
D) The reactants are transformed into the products.
E) The reaction is heated.