Deck 13: Impressionism, Post-Impressionism, and Symbolism, 1870 to 1900

Question 1

____ was the technique employed by Seurat in which he applied tiny dots of color to his canvas.

A) ​Art Nouveau
B) ​Pointillism
C) ​Nocturne
D) ​Primitivism

Answer 1

​Pointillism

Question 2

Despite his lack of formal artistic training, the Symbolist artist _____ had a strong sense of design.

A) ​Paul Cézanne
B) ​Henri Rousseau
C) ​Victor Horta
D) ​Georges Seurat

Answer 2

​Victor Horta

Question 3

The birth of Impressionism occurred in _____.

A) ​Paris
B) ​Rome
C) ​London
D) ​Florence

Answer 3

​Paris

Question 4

How was Gauguin's art affected by his move to Tahiti?

A) ​He started painting en plein air.
B) ​He moved to a smaller format.
C) ​He adopted a different color palette.
D) ​He painted only Parisian scenes.

Question 5

____ was one influence on Gauguin's use of flat color planes with strong contours.

A) ​En plein air
B) ​Pointilism
C) ​Van Gogh
D) ​Cloisonné metalwork

Question 6

Cézanne believed that Impressionism was lacking _____.

A) ​vivid brushwork
B) ​a vibrant color palette
C) ​the artist's distinctive quality
D) ​form and structure

Question 7

Impressionists deviated from Realists in their desire to convey _____.

A) ​the working class
B) ​politically charged ideas
C) ​impermanence
D) ​classical influence

Question 8

The critic _____ wrote a scathing review of Whistler's Nocturne in Black and Gold.

A) ​John Ruskin
B) ​Edvard Munch
C) ​Charles Darwin
D) ​Clement Greenberg

Question 9

In contrast to Van Gogh's thick brushstrokes, Gauguin _____.

A) ​painted in a slick, academic matter
B) ​created flat color areas
C) ​faithfully copied nature
D) ​used collage

Question 10

_____ was a new artistic movement that appeared at the end of the 19th century and rejected the subjects of the everyday world.

A) ​Symbolism
B) ​Realism
C) ​Impressionism
D) ​The Barbizon School

Question 11

Similar to the _____ movement, Impressionism took its subjects from everyday life.

A) ​Symbolist
B) ​Realist
C) ​Post-Impressionist
D) ​Nabi

Question 12

_____ is the label given to artists whose styles were rooted in Impressionism but were stylistically different.

A) ​Jugendstil
B) ​Symbolism
C) ​Primitivism
D) ​Post-Impressionism

Question 13

Although the artist Manet shared common aims with Realist artists, his A Bar at the Folies Bergère reflects the influence of _____.

A) ​Symbolism
B) ​Romanticism
C) ​Pointilism
D) ​Impressionism

Question 14

European culture at the end of the 1800s is called _____.

A) ​Jugendstil
B) ​post-industrialism
C) ​the symbolist era
D) ​fin-de-siècle

Question 15

Van Gogh used color as a vehicle to _____.

A) ​continue Renaissance traditions
B) ​form a composition
C) ​express emotions
D) ​faithfully copy nature

Question 16

The subjects of Edvard Munch's art largely dealt with _____.

A) ​the urban landscape
B) ​industrialization
C) ​emotions associated with love and death
D) ​the classical past

Question 17

By painting ____, Claude Monet could capture shifting atmospheric effects.

A) ​according to academic principles
B) ​en plein air
C) ​in multiple sittings
D) ​on divisionist principles

Question 18

Baudelaire, whose ideas influenced Impressionist artists, considered _____ to be the essential characteristic of the modern world.

A) ​impermanence
B) ​aristocratic society
C) ​traditional values
D) ​stability

Question 19

The artist ____ moved to Tahiti to remove himself from the materialism of Europe.

A) ​Paul Gauguin
B) ​Berthe Morisot
C) ​James Abbot McNeil Whistler
D) ​Henri Rousseau

Question 20

In their abbreviated details, speed, and spontaneity, Impressionist works had the quality of _____.

A) ​Japanese prints
B) ​academic art
C) ​sketches
D) ​photographs

Question 21

To make buildings more fire resistant architects _____.

A) ​cloaked them in glass panels
B) ​reverted to Roman concrete
C) ​encased cast iron in masonry
D) ​built on a smaller scale

Question 22

Identify the inventions that enabled plein air painting.

Question 23

Through what means did Van Gogh communicate a charged energy and oppressive atmosphere in Night Cafe?

A) ​His choice of subject matter
B) ​Vivid, juxtaposed hues
C) ​Soft color and tilted perspective
D) ​Crowds of alienated café-goers

Question 24

The artistic movement called _____ was based on natural forms and could be mass produced.

A) ​Pointilism
B) ​Art Nouveau
C) ​the Perpendicular style
D) ​Darwinism

Question 25

How did the term Impressionism arise?

Question 26

Extreme subjectivity and the need to see through appearances to a deeper reality were most typical of the _____.

A) ​Impressionists
B) ​Symbolists
C) ​Post-Impressionists
D) ​Realists

Question 27

Rodin's concern for the effect of light on surface demonstrates the influence of _____.

A) ​Impressionism
B) ​Art Nouveau
C) ​Symbolism
D) ​Realism

Question 28

The goal of Munch's paintings was to describe the conditions of _____.

A) ​modern cities
B) ​modern psychic life
C) ​immigrant laborers
D) ​Tahitian "primitives"

Question 29

Which aspects of Japanese art did Impressionists admire?

Question 30

Which of the following influenced Degas in his technique of using spatial projections and off-center empty space to create illusion and direct the viewer's attention into the picture?

A) ​Japanese woodblock prints
B) ​16th-century German woodcuts
C) ​15th-century German engravings
D) ​Islamic tilework

Question 31

Cassatt's paintings of _____ reflected the limits French upper-class society placed on women.

A) ​male nudes
B) ​night life
C) ​domestic scenes
D) ​landscapes

Question 32

Vincent van Gogh attempted to communicate _____ in his Starry Night.

A) ​his fear of darkness
B) ​his knowledge of astronomy
C) ​the vastness of the universe
D) ​a comet streaking through the sky

Question 33

What did Impressionist subjects have in common with Realism? How were they different?

Question 34

What did the second Industrial Revolution encompass?

Question 35

Who was the artist to associate with the night world of Paris, consorting with the tawdry population of entertainers, prostitutes, and other social outcasts?

A) ​Cassatt
B) ​Toulouse-Lautrec
C) ​Van Gogh
D) ​Gauguin

Question 36

Describe the differences between Van Gogh's and Gauguin's methods for applying paint in their artworks.

Question 37

What was the architect Louis Sullivan's motto?

A) ​Revival of ancient art
B) ​Design for the masses
C) ​Gothic national pride
D) ​Form follows function

Question 38

Describe the sensibility and associations of fin-de-siècle culture.

Question 39

What led to the urbanization of European cities in the latter part of the 19th century?

Question 40

What does Modernism in art describe?

Question 41

For each of the movements described in this chapter, select one work that is representative of that movement. Explain the stylistic qualities and subject matter that made it typical of the movement in which you placed it.

Question 42

Although Impressionism was open to female artists, they had greater limitations than their male counterparts. Which female artists were identified with Impressionism? Using examples, describe their dominant stylistic qualities. How was the subject matter of the female Impressionists similar to or different from that of male artists?

Question 43

The artist Degas broke away from traditional compositional conventions. How did he do this? What were his influences? Which aspects of his art influenced other artists? Please provide examples.

Question 44

Compare and contrast Claude Monet's and Paul Cézanne's approaches to landscape. How are they similar or different? Consider the formal qualities and suggestion of depth.

Question 45

Which textual and artistic sources influenced this work?

Question 46

How did the artist position the viewer as a participant?

Question 47

How did this artist create the illusion of three-dimensional form and space?

Question 48

What factors made the American skyscraper a possibility?

Question 49

How does this building's design support its function?

Question 50

In what way did the ideals of Symbolism continue and amplify those of Romanticism? Use examples to support your .

Question 51

Color was an important component for several of the movements and individual artists discussed in this chapter. Describe the new observations that were made about color and how individual artists exploited it for their own artistic aims.

Question 52

How did the artist evoke an emotional response from the viewer?

Question 53

How does this work break from traditional landscape painting?

Question 54

What did this artist achieve through his color choices and combinations?

Question 55

How did this artist's approach differ from Impressionist representations of leisure scenes?

Question 56

Attribute the images on the screen to a culture and give an approximate date. Give the reasons for your attributions, using complete sentences and referring to specific works discussed in class.

Question 57

Provide an example from each of the Post-Impressionist artists, and then describe their similarities to Impressionism and the unique qualities of their personal style.

Question 58

Impressionist artists broke from many of the conventions of traditional art. Citing examples, identify how the broke from the past. What outside influences informed their formal elements or compositional devices?

Question 59

What visual effect did his interest in capturing atmospheric effects produce?

Question 60

Discuss the 19th-century architecture styles, and explain the role technology played in each. Use examples to support your .