Deck 3: Classical,biological and Psychogenic Explanations of Juvenile Delinquency

Question 1

The first organized inquiry and hypothesis regarding criminal deviance emerged in the __________.

A)sixteenth century
B)seventeenth century
C)eighteenth century
D)none of the above

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Who is referred to as the "Father of Criminology"?

A)Franz Joseph Gall
B)The Roman Paulio
C)Jean Bodin
D)Cesare Lombroso

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The unique organization of relatively stable psychological traits possessed by an individual,as revealed by one's interaction with people,events,situations,and other components of the environment,is referred to as __________.

A)deviant behavior
B)normal behavior
C)personality
D)social indifference

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Classical theorists were guided by the assumption that humans are ___________.

A)educated
B)religious
C)political animals
D)rational

Question 5

Men with the rare cellular structure _________,are thought to be predisposed to violent,antisocial acts.

A)Darwinism
B)molecular disintegration
C)YY chromosomes
D)double-nucleus

Question 6

The legal and moral controversy regarding mental illness as it affects human behavior and individual responsibility for one's behavior is __________.

A)not new
B)without controversy
C)new
D)legally important

Question 7

Cesare Lombroso concluded that __________.

A)criminals are often handsome
B)individuals become criminals because of social factors
C)there is a born criminal
D)criminals cannot be recognized

Question 8

Whose pioneering work laid the foundation for the twentieth century psychological approach to understanding and explaining human behavior?

A)John Ellenberger
B)Karl Marx
C)Sigmund Freud
D)Robert Rabin

Question 9

Psychiatry and psychology __________.

A)are identical
B)perceive human behavior as originating with economic problems
C)are independent fields of study which have much in common
D)ignore each other in terms of contributions

Question 10

According to Freud,humans suffer mental conflict because of __________.

A)a lack of economic security
B)inadequate religious training
C)too much religious training
D)desires and needs that are repressed

Question 11

The __________ of delinquency views crime and delinquency as a social pathology similar to a physical or mental illness.

A)medical model
B)psychogenic model
C)phrenology model
D)Freudian model

Question 12

A biological throwback to a savage,lower phase of human evolution is referred to as __________.

A)caveman
B)ativist
C)positivist
D)aviary

Question 13

How many fully developed components are characteristic of the normal adult personality?

A)two
B)three
C)four
D)five

Question 14

What type of an approach did the Enlightenment writers propound?

A)simplistic
B)religious
C)economic
D)naturalistic

Question 15

In which century did scholars begin to accumulate new and important knowledge about human anatomy,physiology,neurology,chemistry,and general medicine?

A)seventeenth
B)eighteenth
C)nineteenth
D)twentieth

Question 16

The premises,methodology,and conclusions of Lombroso and the Positivistic School of Criminology have been __________.

A)totally ignored
B)accepted by most criminologists
C)adopted by all foreign scholars as definitive conclusions concerning the cause of criminal behavior
D)subjected to intense scrutiny and criticism by subsequent investigators

Question 17

When did the first efforts to apply scientific and systematic research methodology to establish the principle of biological determinism as the fundamental cause of criminal behavior come about?

A)during the Civil War
B)in the late nineteenth century
C)in the early twentieth century
D)during the Great Depression
E)after World War II

Question 18

Franz Joseph Gall's system was called __________.

A)phrenology
B)social psychology
C)intrinsic sociology
D)microbiology

Question 19

Which of the following recognized that not all persons are equally rational and personally responsible for their behavior?

A)the Neoclassical school
B)the "New School" of London
C)the Ecclesiastical School
D)the "Primary School"

Question 20

A medical specialty concerned with the diagnosis,treatment,and prevention of disordered or abnormal behavior is ___________.

A)free association
B)psychiatry
C)psychology
D)neurology

Question 21

Dyslexia is a brain malfunction in which colors and shapes are perceived as sounds.

Question 22

Franz Joseph Gall is often referred to as the "Father of Criminology."

Question 23

The first efforts to apply scientific and systematic research methodology to establish the principle of biological determinism as the fundamental cause of criminal behavior occurred in the late nineteenth century.

Question 24

A set of primitive,self-centered impulses and instincts is referred to as the __________.

A)id
B)superego
C)ego
D)loco

Question 25

Cesare Lombroso concluded that there is a born criminal.

Question 26

Freud's theoretical contributions __________.

A)have not been noticed
B)are non-controversial
C)have guided countless psychogenic efforts
D)are no longer noted in universities

Question 27

The __________ has a "flawed personality" in the sense that he or she has failed to internalize some of the major values and norms of society.

A)typical adolescent
B)psychopath
C)parent
D)law-enforcement officers

Question 28

The most ambitious and intensive form of psychotherapy is represented by Marxian psychoanalysis.

Question 29

The Classical/Neoclassical approach has been severely criticized.Its' fatal flaw lay in overlooking how society is a major force in shaping human behavior.

Question 30

According to Graeme Newman's The Punishment Response (1978),appropriate punishment "to suit the crime" would not only encourage the reformation of offenders,but discourage criminality in the general populace.

Question 31

The consistent application by the American Psychiatric Association of the medical model on behavior is reflected in the usage of such terms as __________.

A)conduct disorder ,diagnosis ,and the later stages
B)bullies,victims,and interlopers
C)adults,adolescents,children and juveniles
D)normal childhood behavior and boys will be boys

Question 32

Food additives and preservatives are now suspected of causing aberrant behavior.

Question 33

The Classical theorists were guided by the assumption that human are irrational.

Question 34

The pioneering work of Sigmund Freud laid the foundation for the twentieth-century psychogenic approach to understanding and explaining human behavior.