Deck 14: ATP Production I: Glycolysis

Question 1

Glycolysis traps some of the chemical energy of oxidation as ATP, and the remainder as

A) AMP
B) NADH
C) Ph osp hate
D) FADH₂
E) GTP

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Glycolysis is the process

A) In ca rbo hyd rate m etab olism tha t co nv erts glu co se to pyru vic acid
B) In carbohydrate metabolism that converts pyruvic acid to CO₂
C) In lipid metabolism that converts fatty acids to acetyl CoA
D) In lipid metabolism in which acetyl CoA is oxidized to CO₂
E) In amino acid metabolism in which glucose is generated

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The m ain fu nction of the electr on tra nsp ort ch ain is to

A) Oxidize NADH and FADH₂ and pump H
B) Carry electrons back to the beginning of metabolism
C) T ra ns po rt e lec tro ns ou t of the m itoc ho nd ria
D) Completely oxidize acetyl CoA
E) Regenerate NADH and FADH₂

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The T CA cycle's m ain fu nction is to

A) Oxidize acet yl CoA to CO₂
B) Make acetyl CoA for synthesis of lipids
C) Produce reducing equivalents as NADH and FADH₂
D) Synthesize ATP
E) Both A and C are correct

Question 5

The generation of glucose from amino acid precursors is called

A) G lyco lysis
B) G lyco ge no lysis
C) Lip og en es is
D) Glu co ne og en sis
E) Glucotransformation

Question 6

Glycogenolysis

A) Breaks glycoge n do wn , releasing gluco se-1-ph osph ate
B) Form s glucose from am ino acid precursors
C) Occurs only in the liver
D) O cc ur s o nly in m us cle
E) Makes glucose available from fatty acids

Question 7

Most energy-requiring reactions in the cell obtain their energy from

A) The hydrolysis of the terminal phosphate bond in ATP
B) Thermal energy provided by the heat of the body
C) The energy in the chemical bonds of proteins
D) Pr ote olys is
E) G lyco ge no lysis

Question 8

Glucose enters muscle and fat cells from the blood by using

A) SGLT1
B) GLUT4
C) A Na+ -glucose exchanger
D) NHE
E) A primary active transport mechanism

Question 9

Lactate dehydrogenase

A) Allows for rapid glycolysis and ATP production
B) C on ve rts 2,3 dip ho sp ho glyc er ic a cid into lac tic a cid
C) Regenerates NAD + so that rapid glycolysis can continue
D) C on ve rts lac tic a cid into ph os ph oe no lpyr uv ic a cid
E) Both A and C are true

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a source of plasma glucose?

A) Ingested food
B) Free fatty acids
C) Ala nin e b y glu co ne og en es is
D) Liver glycogen
E) G lycin e, b y glu on eo ge ne sis

Question 11

The en zym e th at c on ve rts pyru vic ac id in to la ctic ac id is

A) Pyruvate dehydrogenase
B) Pyruvate kinase
C) Enolase
D) Phosphoenolpyruvate dehydrogenase
E) Lactate dehydrogenase

Question 12

R ap id in cr ea se s in glyc og en olys is in the liver is b ro ug ht a bo ut b y

A) Activation of pho spho rylase by a signal cascade invo lving activa tion o f PK A by cAM P
B) Activation of phosph orylase by catalytic receptors on the surface m em brane of th e hep atoc yte
C) Increased synthesis of phosph orylase through nuclear recep tors
D) Depolarizat ion of the liver cell, Increased cytosolic [Ca₂+] and activation of CAM Kinase
E) Activation of a JAK-STAT pathway

Question 13

Muscle fibers cannot contribute directly to plasma glucose because they lack

A) Phosphorylase
B) Glucokinase
C) Glucose -1 -phosphatase
D) Phosphoglucomutase
E) Glucose-6-phosphatase

Question 14

In substrate-level phosphorylation, the phosphate used to make ATP from ADP com es from

A) Inorganic phosphate in the cytoplasm
B) Ino rg an ic p ho sp ha te in the m atr ix o f th e m itoc ho nd ria
C) Phosphate in the DNA backbone
D) A phos pho rylated me tabolic interm ediate
E) ADP

Question 15

During gluconeogenesis, all of the following are essential EXCEPT

A) Glycolysis runs backwards
B) Amino acids are used to make acetylCoA
C) Am ino ac ids ar e us ed to m ak e ox aloa ceta te an d m alate
D) PE P ca rbox ykina se c onv erts o xalo ace tate to p hos pho eno lypyruvate
E) Fructose biphosphatase is activated