Deck 2: Describing Data: Frequency Distributions and Graphic Presentation

Question 1

(i) Bar charts are useful for showing the percent that various components compose of the total. (ii) Simple bar charts may be constructed either horizontally or vertically. (iii) A line chart is ideal for showing the trend or sales of income over time.

A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements.
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) All statements are false.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

A group of 100 students were surveyed about their interest in a new International Studies program. The survey asked students about their interest in the program in terms of high, medium, or low. 30 students responded high interest; 50 students responded medium interest; 40 students responded low interest. What is the relative frequency of students with high interest?

A) 30%
B) 50%
C) 40%
D) Cannot be determined.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The monthly incomes of a small sample of computer operators are $1,950, $1,775, $2,060, $1,840, $1,795, $1,890, $1,925 and $1,810. What are these ungrouped numbers called?

A) Histogram
B) Class limits
C) Class frequencies
D) Raw data
E) None of the choices are correct

Answer 3

D

Question 4

When data is collected using a qualitative, nominal variable, i.e., male or female, what is true about a frequency distribution that summarizes the data?

A) Upper and lower class limits must be calculated.
B) Class midpoints can be computed.
C) Number of classes corresponds to number of the variable's values.
D) The "2 to the k rule" can be applied.

Question 5

(i) Bar charts are useful for showing the percent that various components compose of the total. (ii) Simple bar charts may be constructed either horizontally or vertically. (iii) A bar chart is a graphic representation of a frequency table.

A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements.
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) All statements are false.

Question 6

(i) A frequency table is a grouping of qualitative data into mutually exclusive classes showing the number of observations in each class.
(ii) Simple bar charts may be constructed either horizontally or vertically. (iii) A bar chart is a graphic representation of a frequency table.

A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements.
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) All statements are false.

Question 7

(i) A frequency table is a grouping of qualitative data into mutually exclusive classes showing the number of observations in each class. (ii) Simple bar charts may be constructed either horizontally or vertically.
(iii) A relative frequency table shows the fraction or percent of the number of observations in each class.

A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements.
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) All statements are false.

Question 8

The chart below shows the Gross Domestic Product for 7 nations. Which of the following statements can be determined from this chart?

A) The GDP of the USA is approximately twice the size of each of the other countries.
B) Germany's GDP is approximately half of that of Italy.
C) Germany's GDP is approximately twice of that of Canada.
D) The GDP of Japan is approximately $4 trillion.

Question 9

Which of the following would be most helpful if you wished to construct a pie chart?

A) a frequency distribution
B) a relative frequency table
C) a cumulative frequency distribution
D) an ogive
E) a clustered bar chart

Question 10

Quinn's Café serves ice cream. She asks 100 of her regular customers to take a taste test and pick the flavour they like the best. The results are shown in the following table. Is the data quantitative or qualitative? What is the name of the table shown?

A) quantitative, simple table
B) quantitative, frequency table
C) qualitative, frequency table
D) qualitative, cumulative frequency distribution
E) quantitative, bar chart

Question 11

The chart below can be best described as

A) Line chart
B) Bar chart
C) Pie chart
D) Stacked bar chart
E) Cumulative stacked bar chart

Question 12

(i) A frequency distribution is grouping of data into classes showing the number of observations in each class.
(ii) In constructing a frequency distribution, you should try to have open-ended classes such as "Under
$100" and "$1,000 and over".
(iii) A cumulative frequency distribution is used when we want to determine how many observations lie above or below certain values.

A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements.
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) All statements are false.

Question 13

A student was interested in the cigarette smoking habits of college students and collected data from an unbiased random sample of students. The data is summarized in the following table: Why is the table NOT a frequency table?

A) The number of males does not equal the sum of males that smoke and do not smoke.
B) The classes are not mutually exclusive.
C) There are too many classes.
D) Class limits cannot be computed

Question 14

Using the frequency table below, determine the relative frequencies for Apartment and Townhouse listings.

A) .5,000 and .5,000
B) .5,000 and .2,653
C) .2,653 and .1,429
D) .1,429 and .2,495
E) .5,918 and .1,429

Question 15

(i) A frequency distribution is grouping of data into classes showing the number of observations in each class.
(ii) The midpoint of a class, which is also called a class mark, is halfway between the lower and upper limits.
(iii) A class interval, which is the width of a class, can be determined by subtracting the lower limit of a class from the lower limit of the next higher class.

A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements.
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) All statements are false.

Question 16

Monthly commissions of first-year insurance brokers are $1,270, $1,310, $1,680, $1,380, $1,410, $1,570, $1,180 and $1,420. These figures are referred to as:

A) histogram.
B) raw data.
C) frequency distribution.
D) frequency polygon.
E) None of the choices are correct.

Question 17

The chart below shows the Gross Domestic Product for 7 nations. Which of the following statements can be determined from this chart?

A) The GDP of the USA is approximately twice the size of each of the other countries.
B) Germany's GDP is approximately half of that of Japan.
C) Germany's GDP is approximately half of that of Canada.
D) The GDP of the USA is larger than the total GDP of all the other 6 countries combined.

Question 18

If the enrolment for this Faculty of Business remained constant at 625 between 2000 and 2001, determine the change in the enrolment in the School of Accounting during this time.

A) increase of 19 students
B) decrease of 19 students
C) increase of 75 students
D) decrease of 75 students
E) decrease of 25 students

Question 19

Statistics Canada report 2010 results in the following chart. Is the data quantitative or qualitative? What is the name of the table shown?

A) quantitative, simple table
B) quantitative, pie chart
C) qualitative, frequency table
D) qualitative, pie chart
E) quantitative, bar chart

Question 20

(i) Pie charts are useful for showing the percent that various components compose of the total. (ii) Simple bar charts may be constructed either horizontally or vertically. (iii) A bar chart is a graphic representation of a frequency table.

A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements.
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) All statements are false.

Question 21

For the following distribution of heights, what are the limits for the class with the greatest frequency?

A) 64 and 70
B) 65 and 69
C) 65 and 70
D) 69.5 and 74.5
E) None of the choices are correct

Question 22

The chart below can be best described as

A) Line chart
B) Bar chart
C) Clustered bar chart
D) Stacked bar chart
E) Cumulative stacked bar chart

Question 23

The following class intervals for a frequency distribution were developed to provide information regarding the starting salaries for students graduating from a particular school: Before data was collected, someone questioned the validity of this arrangement. Which of the following represents a problem with this set of intervals?

A) there are too many intervals
B) the class widths are too small
C) some numbers between 18,000 and 30,000 would not fall into any of these intervals
D) the first and the second intervals overlap
E) the second and third intervals are mutually exclusive

Question 24

The head of the statistics department wants to determine the number of mistake made by students in their first online assignment. She gathers information from her classes of the past year. The approximate range of the data is______ .

A) 150
B) 40
C) 10
D) 2
E) None of the choices are correct
Refer to the following distribution of commissions:

Question 25

The chart below can be best described as

A) Line chart
B) Bar chart
C) Pie chart
D) Stacked bar chart
E) Cumulative stacked bar chart

Question 26

A sample distribution of hourly earnings in Paul's Cookie Factory is: The limits of the class with the smallest frequency are:

A) $6.00 and $9.00
B) $12.00 and $14.00
C) $11.75 and $14.25
D) $12.00 and $15.00
E) None of the choices are correct

Question 27

Refer to the following distribution of commissions:
What is the relative frequency for those salespersons that earn between $1,600 and $1,799?

A) 2%
B) 2.4%
C) 20%
D) 24%
E) None of the choices are correct

Question 28

Refer to the following price of jeans are recorded to the nearest dollar: The first two class midpoints are $62.50 and $65.50. What is the class interval?

A) $1.00
B) $2.00
C) $2.50
D) $3.00
E) None of the choices are correct

Question 29

Consider the following relative frequency distribution: If there are 2,000 numbers in the data set, how many of the values are less than 30?

A) 900
B) 90
C) 1,000
D) 100
E) None of the choices are correct

Question 30

The monthly salaries of a sample of 100 employees were rounded to the nearest ten dollars. They ranged from a low of $1,040 to a high of $1,720. If we want to condense the data into seven classes, what is the most convenient class interval?

A) $50
B) $100
C) $150
D) $200
E) None of the choices are correct

Question 31

The following class intervals for a frequency distribution were developed to provide information regarding the starting salaries for students graduating from a particular school: Before data was collected, someone questioned the validity of this arrangement. Which of the following represents a problem with this set of intervals?

A) there are too many intervals
B) the class widths are too small
C) some numbers between 18,000 and 30,000 would fall into two different intervals
D) the first and the second interval overlap
E) None of the choices are correct, there are no problems with the intervals

Question 32

When a class interval is expressed as: 100 to under 200,

A) Observations with values of 100 are excluded from the class frequency.
B) Observations with values of 200 are included in the class frequency.
C) Observations with values of 200 are excluded from the class frequency.
D) The class interval is 99.

Question 33

Refer to the following price of jeans are recorded to the nearest dollar: The first two class midpoints are $62.50 and $65.50. What are the class limits for the third class?

A) $64 and up to $67
B) $67 and $69
C) $67 and up to $70
D) $66 and $68
E) None of the choices are correct

Question 34

What are the true class limits for the $55 up to $65 class?

A) 55 and 64
B) 54 and 64
C) 55 and up to 65
D) 55 and 64.5
E) None of the choices are correct

Question 35

Refer to the following ages (rounded to the nearest whole year) of employees at a large company that were grouped into a distribution with class limits:
20 up to 30
30 up to 40
40 up to 50
50 up to 60
60 up to 70
What is the class interval and the midpoint of the first class?

A) 20 and 25
B) 20 and 24.5
C) 10 and 25
D) 10 and 24.5
E) None of the choices are correct

Question 36

What is the class midpoint for the $45 up to $55 class?

A) 49
B) 49.5
C) 50
D) 50.5
E) None of the choices are correct

Question 37

In a frequency distribution, what is the number of observations in a class called?

A) Class midpoint
B) Class interval
C) Class array
D) Class frequency
E) None of the choices are correct

Question 38

What is the following table called?

A) Histogram
B) Frequency polygon
C) Cumulative frequency distribution
D) Frequency distribution
E) None of the choices are correct

Question 39

Why are unequal class intervals sometimes used in a frequency distribution?

A) To avoid a large number of empty classes
B) For the sake of variety in presenting the data
C) To make the class frequencies smaller
D) To avoid the need for midpoints
E) None of the choices are correct

Question 40

Refer to the following price of jeans are recorded to the nearest dollar: The first two class midpoints are $62.50 and $65.50. What are the class limits for the lowest class?

A) $61 and up to $64
B) $62 and up to $64
C) $62 and $65
D) $62 and $63
E) None of the choices are correct

Question 41

Refer to the following cumulative frequency distribution on days absent during a calendar year by employees of a manufacturing company:
How many employees were absent fewer than six days?

A) 60
B) 31
C) 91
D) 46
E) None of the choices are correct

Question 42

Refer to the following distribution of ages:
For the distribution of ages above, what is the relative class frequency for the lowest class?

A) 50%
B) 18%
C) 20%
D) 10%
E) None of the choices are correct

Question 43

Refer to the following distribution of commissions:
What is the class interval for the table of wages above?

A) $2
B) $3
C) $4
D) $5
E) None of the choices are correct

Question 44

Refer to the following chart showing a distribution of exporting firms:
What is the class interval?

A) 2
B) 3
C) 3.5
D) 4
E) None of the choices are correct

Question 45

Refer to the following distribution of commissions:
The first plot for a cumulative greater than frequency distribution should be:

A) X = 0, Y = 600.
B) X = 600, Y = 3.
C) X = 3, Y = 600.
D) X = 600, Y = 0.
E) None of the choices are correct.

Question 46

(i) Pie charts are useful for showing the percent that various components compose of the total. (ii) Simple bar charts may be constructed either horizontally or vertically. (iii) A line chart is ideal for showing the trend or sales of income over time.

A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements.
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (i).
E) All statements are false.

Question 47

Refer to the following chart showing a distribution of exporting firms:
For the distribution above, what is the midpoint of the class with the greatest frequency?

A) $6 million
B) $9.5 million
C) $15.5 million
D) The midpoint cannot be determined
E) None of the choices are correct

Question 48

Refer to the following distribution of commissions:
One rule that must always be followed in constructing frequency distributions is that .

A) the number of classes must be less than 10
B) each data point can only fall into one class
C) the width of each class is equal to the range
D) the number of intervals must be an odd number
E) the class intervals must overlap
Refer to the following chart showing a distribution of exporting firms:

Question 49

Refer to the following distribution of commissions:
What is the relative frequency of those salespersons that earn more than $1,599?

A) 25.5%
B) 27.5%
C) 29.5%
D) 30.8%
E) None of the choices are correct

Question 50

Refer to the following distribution of commissions:
What is the relative frequency for those salespersons that earn between $1,500 and $1,800?

A) 2%
B) 2.4%
C) 20%
D) 24%
E) Unable to determine without approximation

Question 51

Refer to the following cumulative frequency distribution on days absent during a calendar year by employees of a manufacturing company:
How many employees were absent from 6 to under 12 days?

A) 20
B) 8
C) 12
D) 17
E) None of the choices are correct

Question 52

Refer to the following cumulative frequency distribution on days absent during a calendar year by employees of a manufacturing company:
How many employees were absent six or more days?

A) 8
B) 4
C) 22
D) 31
E) None of the choices are correct

Question 53

Refer to the following cumulative frequency distribution on days absent during a calendar year by employees of a manufacturing company:
What is the class midpoint of the highest class?

A) 54
B) 55
C) 64
D) 65
E) None of the choices are correct

Question 54

Refer to the following distribution of commissions:
What are the class limits for the class with the smallest number of frequencies?

A) 3.5 and 6.5
B) 4 and up to 7
C) 13 and up to 15
D) 12.5 and 15.5
E) None of the choices are correct

Question 55

Refer to the following distribution of ages:
What is the class interval?

A) 9
B) 10
C) 10.5
D) 11
E) None of the choices are correct

Question 56

Refer to the following chart showing a distribution of exporting firms:
What percentage of the firms export less than $14 million in product?

A) 3%
B) 6%
C) 49%
D) 94%
E) 75%

Question 57

(i) In constructing a frequency distribution, you should try to have open-ended classes such as "Under $100" and "$1,000 and over".
(ii) To convert a frequency distribution to a relative frequency distribution, divide each class frequency by the sum of the class frequencies.
(iii) When constructing a frequency distribution, try to include overlapping stated class limits, such as
100 up to 201, 200 up to 301, and 300 up to 401.

A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are all correct statements.
B) (i) and, (ii) are correct statements but not (iii).
C) (i) and, (iii) are correct statements but not (ii).
D) (ii) is a correct statement but not (i) or (iii).
E) All statements are false.

Question 58

Refer to the following chart showing a distribution of exporting firms:
How many firms export less than $14 million in product?

A) 3
B) 60
C) 50
D) 49
E) None of the choices are correct

Question 59

Refer to the following cumulative frequency distribution on days absent during a calendar year by employees of a manufacturing company:
How many employees were absent between 3 to under 6 days?

A) 31
B) 29
C) 14
D) 2
E) 17

Question 60

Refer to the following distribution of commissions:
What is the class midpoint for the class with the greatest frequency?

A) $5.50
B) $8.50
C) $11.50
D) $14.50
E) None of the choices are correct

Question 61

The Lake Ontario Credit Union selected a sample of 40 student chequing accounts. Below is a chart of their end-of-the-month balances. The bank considers any student with an ending balance of $400 or more a "preferred customer". Estimate the number of preferred customers in this sample.

A) 10
B) 20
C) 30
D) 40

Question 62

What type of graph is this?

A) line chart
B) multiple line chart
C) bar chart
D) stacked bar chart
E) cumulative frequency polygon

Question 63

What is the relative class frequency for the $25 up to $35 class?

A) 2%
B) 4%
C) 5%
D) 10%
E) None of the choices are correct.

Question 64

The chart below can be best described as

A) Line chart
B) Cumulative frequency polygon
C) Clustered bar chart
D) Stacked bar chart
E) Histogram

Question 65

The age distribution of a sample of the part-time employees at Lloyd's Fast Food Emporium is:
What type of chart has the data been organized to draw?

A) Histogram
B) Simple line chart
C) Cumulative Frequency Distribution
D) Pie chart
E) Frequency polygon

Question 66

-Comparing the values province wide, business students across the province and across Seneca College, which of these three groups has the larger proportion of students under 21?

A) Province wide values
B) Business students across the province
C) Seneca College students
D) They are all the same
E) You can't tell from the data given

Question 67

The relative frequency for a class is computed as

A) Class width divided by class interval.
B) Class midpoint divided by the class frequency.
C) Class frequency divided by the class interval.
D) Class frequency divided by the total frequency.

Question 68

The chart below can be best described as

A) Line chart
B) Bar chart
C) Clustered bar chart
D) Stacked bar chart
E) Histogram

Question 69

-Province wide, approximately what proportion of students is over the age of 31?

A) 10%
B) 20%
C) 40%
D) 50%
E) 90%

Question 70

The grades on a statistics exam for a sample of students are as follows: How many students wrote this test?

A) 36
B) 35
C) 38
D) 7
E) 43

Question 71

(i). The stem in a stem-and-leaf display is the leading digit

Question 72

Analyze the graph below. Do you find any inconsistencies or errors?

A) You shouldn't have 6 bars all on a single graph
B) Students under 21 don't go to college
C) This graph suggests there are the same number of students in the entire province as in each of the other groups shown
D) The classes are not all mutually exclusive
E) You can't have open ended classes in a bar chart

Question 73

In a simple line chart, where is time plotted?

A) On the X-axis
B) On the Y-axis
C) On either axis.
D) Never plotted

Question 74

When a class interval is expressed as: 100 to under 200,

A) Observations with values of 100 are excluded from the class frequency.
B) Observations with values of 200 are included in the class frequency.
C) Observations with values of 200 are excluded from the class frequency.
D) The class interval is 99.

Question 75

The Lake Ontario Credit Union selected a sample of 40 student chequing accounts. Below is a chart of their end-of-the-month balances. The bank considers any student with an ending balance of $400 or more a "preferred customer". Estimate the percentage of preferred customers.

A) 50%
B) 60%
C) 33%
D) 67% 40%

Question 76

The chart below can be best described as

A) Line chart
B) Bar chart
C) Clustered bar chart
D) Stacked bar chart
E) Histogram

Question 77

The grades on a statistics exam for a sample of students are as follows: If A + = 90%-100% A = 80%-89% B+ = 75%-79% B = 70%-74% C+ = 65%-69% C = 60%-64%
D = 55%-59%
F = 0%-54
What is the most common letter grade earned?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) F

Question 78

-What type of graph is this?

A) line chart
B) multiple line chart
C) bar chart
D) stacked bar chart
E) cumulative frequency polygon

Question 79

-Students under the age of 26 account for approximately what proportion of Business students across the province?

A) 40%
B) 50%
C) 80%
D) 90%
E) Over 90%

Question 80

A row of a stem-and-leaf chart appears as follows: 3 | 0 1 3 5 7 9. Assume that the data is rounded to the nearest unit.

A) The frequency of the class is seven.
B) The minimum value in the class is 0.
C) The maximum value in the class could be 39.
D) The class interval is 5.