Deck 9: Symbolic Communication and Language

Question 1

Chapter Nine discusses a number of factors that may influence normative distances for interaction, including all of the following except _____________.

A)Social class
B)Gender
C)Local culture
D)Age

Answer 1

Age

Question 2

Which of the following is not a basic component of spoken language?

A)Sounds
B)Meanings
C)Facial expressions
D)Grammatical rules

Answer 2

Facial expressions

Question 3

In comparison to face-to-face communication, which of the following is true of computer-mediated communication?

A)Reduced auditory and visual feedback
B)Decreased codability of messages
C)Increased risk of inaccuracy
D)All of the above

Answer 3

All of the above

Question 4

By combining verbal and non-verbal channels of communication, we increase accuracy.

Question 5

It took three days for Laura to respond to Brenda's text about setting up a girls' night out, and now Brenda was worried that Laura didn't like her as much as she thought.The lack of immediate response is due to texting's _____________nature, and is the reason that the lag between sending and receiving a message can be meaningful to the sender.

A)Asynchronous
B)Ambiguous
C)Written
D)Impersonal

Question 6

The clothing we wear and the way we choose to decorate our bedrooms are considered forms of communication.

Question 7

The use of language allows people to communicate with others about experiences that they do not share directly.

Question 8

Ji-hoon and his classmates were working on a project for their English-as-a-second-language course.They spoke primarily in English, as the assignment required, but when they came to a part they were confused about, they began to speak in Korean.This is an example of _____________.

A)Nonstandard speech
B)Standard speech
C)Asynchronous speech
D)Code switching

Question 9

The following statement-"I haven't read everything published on the topic, and so I may be off base, but I think the author's argument is flawed-contains an example of _____________.

A)A hedge
B)A disclaimer
C)An intensifier
D)A statement as a question

Question 10

Sounds like "m-hmmm," "yeah," and "huh?" as well as head nods and brief smiles are all examples of _____________.

A)Back-channel feedback
B)Signals of a desire to speak
C)Paralanguage
D)Proxemics

Question 11

When Willow asks her friend Hazel about her weekend, Hazel says that she had a delightful time home with her family, but her voice is flat, her face stern, and her arms across her chest.Willow is confused by the inconsistencies between Willow's words and her other cues.Willow does not suspect that Hazel is lying.In order to resolve this inconsistency, Willow is most likely to ____________.

A)Rely on Hazel's facial signals
B)Rely on Hazel's paralinguistic signals
C)Rely on Hazel's verbal cues
D)Both A and B

Question 12

People commonly use a summon-answer sequence to initiate conversations.This sequence can take different forms.In this conversation between roommates, chronologically identify the elements of this summons-answer sequence: "Jack, you in your room?"
"Yup, come in."
"Hey, what's up?"
"Finishing my homework.What's going on for you?"
"I was wondering if you could help me practice answers for my interview tomorrow?"

A)Identification-recognition; pleasantries; statement for reason for the conversation
B)Identification-recognition; call and response; statement for reason for the conversation
C)Call and response; pleasantries; statement for reason for the conversation
D)Call and response; identification-recognition; pleasantries

Question 13

Body language can be useful when traveling abroad, because it relies on universal symbols that allow people who do not share a verbal language to communicate.For instance, the "thumbs-up" sign is recognized everywhere to mean "good."

Question 14

Facial expressions may be interpreted differently based on the context in which they occur.

Question 15

Speech that is characterized by diverse vocabulary, proper pronunciation, correct grammar, and abstract content is known as _____________.

A)Normal Speech
B)Proper Speech
C)Standard Speech
D)Correct Speech

Question 16

Heath belongs to a local cricket club.The team has developed shorthand for communicating to each other on the field.This lingo carries over into how they communicate in the clubhouse where family and players from other teams cannot follow when the players recap highlights from the game.Heath's team demonstrates __________ in their communication.

A)Turn taking
B)Communication accuracy
C)Linguistic intergroup bias
D)Sociolinguistic competence

Question 17

Dr.Haught carefully chooses her words when speaking to patients about their diagnoses, believing that her speech says something and does something.Her belief is known as the __________.

A)Code switch method
B)Speech act theory
C)Intentionalist model
D)Theory of speech accommodation

Question 18

An ethnographer was observing an elementary school classroom."Harold, would you like to have a seat?" asked the teacher sternly.Harold sat down quickly.In analyzing this exchange, the ethnographer would likely apply the _____________model of communication

A)Intentionalist
B)Encoder-Decoder
C)Perspective-Taking
D)Either A or C

Question 19

While at a party, Joe saw Becky from his social psychology class.He thought she was pretty, and wanted to see if she would like to get coffee with him some time, but he wasn't sure if she was single.He noticed that, though the room was not crowded, she was standing just an inch or two away from the man with whom she was chatting.He decided that she was probably in a relationship with him, and chose not to approach her.Joe is relying on _____________ to make inferences about the relationship between Becky and the man.

A)Kinesics
B)Proxemics
C)Paralanguage
D)Choice of personal effects

Question 20

While studying abroad, Kimberly was approached by a woman who was speaking rapidly, in a loud and high-pitched voice.Though she could not understand the words the woman was using, Kimberly was able to analyze the woman's _____________ and inferred that she was angry.

A)Kinesics
B)Proxemics
C)Paralanguage
D)Choice of personal effects

Question 21

Define spoken language and identify its four basic components.Then discuss one of the three advantages of language use.

Question 22

When listeners provide feedback to a speaker, it only benefits the speaker.

Question 23

What are "deficit theories" and how have they been applied to nonstandard speech, particularly African American Vernacular English? What is one major criticism of deficit theories?

Question 24

Demetri is dominating the conversation with Anastasia.One way Anastasia can signal her desire to speak is by inhaling audibly.

Question 25

Research demonstrates that women are more likely to interrupt men in conversation than men are to interrupt women.

Question 26

Early research on gender and communication identified several differences between how men and women speak, and investigators suggested these differences were due to the difference in power between men and women.Identify and define three of these differences.Then, explain how more recent research might explain these findings.

Question 27

Michael does not like Rafael.As the two have a conversation, Rafael crosses his arms and places his right foot on his left knee.Michael is likely to mirror Rafael's body positioning in order to communicate his dislike for Rafael.

Question 28

In conversations where turn taking is more regulated, such as a job interview, turn allocation increases the efficiency of talk.

Question 29

Latinos tend to prefer less personal space than Canadians.

Question 30

What are the four categories of nonverbal communication? Define and provide examples for two categories of nonverbal communication of your choosing.

Question 31

Early research on the impact of gender on communication found that women were more likely to end their statement as a question ("It's hot in here, isn't it?") while men were more likely to use intensifiers ("It's really hot in here.")

Question 32

Explain the theory of speech accommodation.Offer examples of three ways the theory predicts that speakers or listeners may indicate intimacy or liking.Under what circumstances may these behaviors actually increase negative feelings, rather than positive?

Question 33

Nonstandard speech is ego-centric.

Question 34

Typically, when the relative status of two individuals is ambiguous, they will address each other informally to reduce discomfort.