Deck 23: Special Senses: Anatomy of the Visual System

Question 1

The carry tears into the nasal cavity.

A) lacrimal canaliculi
B) excretory ducts
C) nasolacrimal ducts
D) ciliary ducts

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The retinal cells that are closest to the vascular layer are the .

A) ganglion cells
B) bipolar cells
C) rods and cones

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The rods of the retina .

A) are found in highest density in the macula lutea
B) are present in large numbers in the fovea centralis
C) function only in bright light
D) are found in highest density at the periphery of the retina

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The innermost layer of the retina .

A) is a pigmented epithelium
B) is composed of fibrous tissue
C) is a transparent neural layer
D) is a blood-rich nutritive region containing a dark pigment

Question 5

This structure, present in the cow eye but not in the human eye, is a special iridescent reflecting surface that helps animals to see in low light conditions.

A) vascular layer
B) pigmented sclera
C) tapetum lucidum
D) ciliary body

Question 6

The ciliary body is a modified part of this layer (tunic) of the eyeball.

A) vascular layer (uvea)
B) sensory layer (retina)
C) fibrous layer (sclera)

Question 7

Aqueous humor is drained by the .

A) sclera
B) iris
C) ciliary body
D) scleral venous sinus

Question 8

This mucous membrane covers the surface of the eyeball and lines the eyelid.

A) bulbar epithelium
B) conjunctiva
C) tarsociliary epithelium
D) palpebral mucosa

Question 9

From outermost to innermost layers, the wall of the eye consists of these three layers.

A) fibrous, vascular, sensory
B) sensory, vascular, fibrous
C) vascular, fibrous, sensory
D) fibrous, sensory, vascular

Question 10

Below are listed pairs of anatomical structures. The first is a layer of the wall of the eye, and the second is a structure that is a part of that layer. Select the pair that correctly matches layer with structure.

A) fibrous layer, choroid
B) fibrous layer, cornea
C) sensory layer, iris
D) vascular layer, retina

Question 11

The visual pathway terminates in this cortical area.

A) visual cortex
B) auditory cortex
C) olfactory cortex
D) gustatory cortex

Question 12

The of the retina detect color and function only in light.

A) rods, low
B) cones, bright
C) cones, low
D) rods, bright

Question 13

Of the glands listed here, which one produces the oily substance that covers the conjunctiva?

A) lacrimal gland
B) lacrimal caruncle
C) tarsal glands
D) ciliary body

Question 14

The anterior segment of the eye contains a fluid called _.

A) lacrimal humor
B) vitreous humor
C) aqueous humor

Question 15

The is a blind spot on the retina, while the _ contains only cones and is the retinal area of greatest visual acuity.

A) fovea centralis, optic disc
B) fundus, macula lutea
C) macula lutea, fundus
D) optic disc, fovea centralis

Question 16

The photoreceptors in the retina that detect light are _ .

A) rods and cones
B) horizontal and amacrine cells
C) ganglion cells
D) bipolar cells

Question 17

A cataract is _.

A) cloudiness in the lens, rendering it hard and opaque
B) cloudiness in the cornea, rendering it opaque
C) darkening of the vitreous humor
D) cloudiness in the aqueous humor

Question 18

This extrinsic eye muscle elevates the eye and turns it medially.

A) inferior oblique
B) medial rectus
C) superior rectus
D) superior oblique

Question 19

The ciliary zonule (suspensory ligament) holds this structure in front of the pupil.

A) cornea
B) conjunctiva
C) lens
D) ciliary muscles

Question 20

How many extrinsic eye muscles surround one eyeball?

A) 8
B) 6
C) 4
D) 12

Question 21

Axons of ganglion cells form the optic tract. These fibers synapse with neurons in the .

A) hypothalamus
B) visual cortex
C) thalamus
D) corpus callosum

Question 22

If the left optic nerve is severed, _.

A) the person is blind in the right eye
B) the lateral peripheral vision is diminished
C) the person is blind in the left eye
D) the person is blind

Question 23

Contraction of muscles within this structure leads to alteration in the shape of the lens.

A) iris
B) pupil
C) ciliary body
D) choroid

Question 24

A sagittal lesion in the optic chiasma will result in loss of .

A) lateral vision in both eyes
B) medial vision in both eyes
C) loss of lateral vision in the left eye and medial vision in the right eye
D) loss of lateral vision in the right eye and medial vision in the left eye